Unit 5: Ochem Naming

Question 1

What is the standard procedure for naming Alkanes?

Answer 1

1. Find the longest carbon chain
2. Number chain so substituents have low carbon number
3. Name branches as alkyl groups
4. List branches alphabetically (do not count n, sec, t)
5. Use prefix if there are more than one of the same group (di, tri, tetra, etc)

Question 2

Procedure for naming alkenes (linear ish)

Answer 2

Same as alkanes but number where the triple bond happens
change main name suffix to ene

Question 3

Procedure for naming alkynes

Answer 3

Same as alkanes but change suffix to yne
put number it happens on

Question 4

molecular characteristic of alcohol

Answer 4

contains an OH

Question 5

basic formula for alcohol

Answer 5

R-OH

Question 6

procedure for naming alcohols

Answer 6

1. Find longest chain
2. Number chain so OH branch has a small number
3. Continue as regular
4. Change Suffix to “ol” of main group Or denote alcohol location by “#-ol”
   5.

Question 7

OH functional group (when it is not an alcohol)

Answer 7

Hydroxy

Question 8

What is a carbonyl group?

Answer 8

O=C

Question 9

Basic formula for aldehyde?

Answer 9

OCRH

Question 10

Basic formula for ketone?

Answer 10

OCRR

Question 11

How to name aldehydes and ketones

Answer 11

Same as alkanes but number branch so carbonyl group has lowest number

Question 12

Aldehyde suffix?

Answer 12

-al

Question 13

Ketones suffix?

Answer 13

-one

Question 14

Carboxylic acid basic formula

Answer 14

RCOOH
R single bond
O double bond
OH single bond

Question 15

Where is the carboxylic acid always?

Answer 15

on C1

Question 16

Suffix for carboxylic acid

Answer 16

-oic acid

Question 17

Ester basic formula

Answer 17

R-COOR’
R-C-(OR’)
||
O
R’ cannot be a Hydrogen

Question 18

Naming Esters

Answer 18

Name starts with the alkyl group attached to the oxygen
Change suffix of main chain to -oate

Question 19

Ether basic formula

Answer 19

R-O-R’

Question 20

Ether characteristics

Answer 20

Polar
anesthetic

Question 21

Naming Ethers

Answer 21

Name each alkyl group attached to O then add ether to end

Question 22

Amine basic formula

Answer 22

NHHR
NHRR
NRRR

Question 23

How to name amines?

Answer 23

Name all alkyl groups attached to N, then add -amine

Question 24

What is the hybridization and shape of amine?

Answer 24

trigonal pyramidal, sp3 hybridized

Question 25

characteristic of aromatic hydrocarbon

Answer 25

contains benzene ring

Question 26

How to name aromatics?

Answer 26

[Name of substituent]benzene

Question 27

Substituent name for benzene?

Answer 27

phenal group

Question 28

How to name di-substituted benzene derivative

Answer 28

number each carbon etc name alkyl groups