review

Question 1

who is the father of genetics

Answer 1

gregor mendel

Question 2

what is heredity

Answer 2

the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.

Question 3

what is synapsis

Answer 3

the pairing of the homologous chromosomes

Question 4

whats a tertrad

Answer 4

4 chromatids

Question 5

whats crossing over

Answer 5

portions of chromatids are exchanged

Question 6

homzygous dominant

Answer 6

two dominant alleles for a trait

Question 7

homozygous recessive

Answer 7

2 recessive alleles for a trait

Question 8

heterozygous

Answer 8

2 different allels for a trait

Question 9

how many allels are used to determine blood type

Answer 9

3

Question 10

how many blood types are there

Answer 10

4

Question 11

name ther blood types

Answer 11

A
B
O
AB

Question 12

antigens A

Answer 12

A

Question 13

antigens B

Answer 13

B

Question 14

antigens O

Answer 14

none

Question 15

antigens AB

Answer 15

A and B

Question 16

Antibodies A

Answer 16

B

Question 17

Antibodies B

Answer 17

A

Question 18

Antibodies O

Answer 18

A and b

Question 19

Antibodies AB

Answer 19

none

Question 20

genotype A

Answer 20

IAIA or IAi

Question 21

genotype B

Answer 21

IBIB or IBi

Question 22

genotype AB

Answer 22

IAIB

Question 23

genotype o

Answer 23

ii

Question 24

Rh factors

Answer 24

determine whether blood is positive for RH factors (antigen) or negative

Question 25

Giving blood in rh h factors

Answer 25

negative can give to ositive but positive cant give to negative

Question 26

RH +

Answer 26

has RH ANTIGENS and no RH antibodies

Question 27

RH -

Answer 27

has no RH antigens and has RH antibodies

Question 28

univesal donor

Answer 28

O-

Question 29

universal recipient

Answer 29

AB+

Question 30

gene at one locus affects expression of gene at another locus

Answer 30

epistasis

Question 31

red + white = pink

Answer 31

incomplete dominance

Question 32

roan bull

Answer 32

codominance

Question 33

black + white= Black and white spots

Answer 33

codominance

Question 34

blood type

Answer 34

multiple alleles

Question 35

polygenic traits tendencies make a what shape

Answer 35

bell shaped curve

Question 36

what percent are within 1 standard deviation in the polygenic bell shaped curve

Answer 36

68

Question 37

what percent are within 2 standard deviation in the polygenic bell shaped curve

Answer 37

98

Question 38

one gene has many efffects

Answer 38

pleiotrophyq

Question 39

one triat is affected by many genes

Answer 39

polygenic

Question 40

combo of the genes and the environment

Answer 40

multifactoral

Question 41

in a pedigree, circle =

Answer 41

femal

Question 42

in a pedigree, square=

Answer 42

male

Question 43

in a pedigree, hoizontal line=

Answer 43

mariage

Question 44

in a pedigree, children are put right to left on

Answer 44

oldest to youngest

Question 45

in a pedigree, vertical line=

Answer 45

children

Question 46

in a pedigree, roman numerals

Answer 46

generation

Question 47

in a pedigree,vertical line branching off=

Answer 47

identical twins

Question 48

in a pedigree, why are identical twins on the same line

Answer 48

they come from the same egg

Question 49

in a pedigree,branches =

Answer 49

fraternal twins

Question 50

why are sexlinked traits on X chromosome more common in males

Answer 50

they only have 1 x chromosome-"there is not law of dominance" you get what you get females can have adominant trait to mask the recessive trait

Question 51

why is the dominant phenotype not the most prevalent in a gene pool

Answer 51

1-people dont suvive long enough to give their genes (natural selection) 2- it is not a favorable gene and wont help in mating

Question 52

2 example of a dominant phenotype that us not prevalent

Answer 52

progeria and huntington's disease

Question 53

is it possible to live without an x chromosome

Answer 53

only in females, cuz they have 2 X chromosomes (AKA turner's syndrome)- thex chromsome has a lot of inportant information fo rlife

Question 54

what are body chromosomes called

Answer 54

autosomes

Question 55

what are body ells called

Answer 55

somatic cells

Question 56

what is a monosomy

Answer 56

missing a chromosome (2n-1)

Question 57

how is monosomy made

Answer 57

nondisjunction

Question 58

trisomy made how

Answer 58

nondisjuntion

Question 59

trisomy def

Answer 59

one extra chromosome (triplet instead of a pair)

Question 60

example of a monosomy

Answer 60

turner's syndrom (Only 1 X chromosome)

Question 61

example of trisomy

Answer 61

trisomy 21-down syndrome

Question 62

phe notype

Answer 62

physical trait (genotype expression)

Question 63

genotype

Answer 63

genetic makeup (Rr or RR or rr)

Question 64

allele

Answer 64

a different form of a gene (R and r)

Question 65

how many chromosome does a humanc ell have

Answer 65

46

Question 66

whats a polygenic trait

Answer 66

a trait controlled by two or more genes

Question 67

polygenic ingeritance patterns make a

Answer 67

bellshaped curve

Question 68

what is a karyotype

Answer 68

a picture of chromosomes

Question 69

how to name a karyotype

Answer 69

number of chromosomes, gender, disorder | ex 47, xx, +18 = 47 chromosomes, female, trisomy 18