Review 2

Question 1

Which of the following energy sources is considered nonrenewable?

Answer 1

fossil fuel energy

Question 2

Solar radiation makes several other energy sources possible, including

Answer 2

wind energy

Question 3

Which country leads the world in coal production and consumption?

Answer 3

China

Question 4

What happens at an oil refinery?

Answer 4

Oil is separated into its component compounds.

Question 5

Crude oil is

Answer 5

refined to provide the chemicals used for gasoline, lubricants, plastics, and other products

Question 6

Natural gas

Answer 6

can be extracted via hydrofracking

Question 7

The oil spill resulting from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster

Answer 7

is the worst environmental disaster in American history

Question 8

Energy conservation in the United States

Answer 8

can be achieved through personal actions and more efficient technologies

Question 9

Energy can be conserved by

Answer 9

using heat from a power plant to heat nearby homes

Question 10

In the United States, the energy source used predominantly to produce electricity is

Answer 10

coal and natural gas

Question 11

Natural gas is primarily composed of

Answer 11

Methane

Question 12

In recent years the United States has been importing most of its oil from

Answer 12

Canada, Mexico and Colombia

Question 13

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of eminent domain?

Answer 13

Residents of the Chicago area who were in the proposed path of Interstate 355 were forced to sell their homes and move when the interstate was built.

Question 14

When assessing energy resources, it is helpful to use a measure called EROI, which is

Answer 14

energy returned divided by energy invested

Question 15

15) The picture below represents which type of fossil fuel extraction method?

Answer 15

Mountain top mining

Question 16

All of the following are standard steps at a coal-fired power plant in the United States.

Answer 16

carbon capture

Question 17

Which of the following is the most cleanly burning fossil fuel available, producing the least carbon dioxide per unit of energy released?

Answer 17

natural gas

Question 18

Organic matter that has formed solid carbon structures while under high compression

Answer 18

Coal

Question 19

Energy from processed uranium

Answer 19

Nuclear

Question 20

A gaseous by-product of anaerobic microbial decomposition

Answer 20

Natural gas

Question 21

Coal power plants emit copious amounts of this gas

Answer 21

Carbon dioxide

Question 22

Worldwide, the most widely used renewable energy source is

Answer 22

Hydroelectric

Question 23

Which of the following is a benefit of using nuclear power?

Answer 23

Fewer greenhouse gas are emitted

Question 24

The amount of energy generated by a hydroelectric dam depends largely on

Answer 24

the volume of water released and the height of the fall

Question 25

The run-of-river approach to hydropower often involves

Answer 25

diversion of a portion of a river's flow through pipes

Question 26

Biomass energy is derived from

Answer 26

organisms such as plants

Question 27

One key advantage of hydropower is that

Answer 27

it does not rely on fossil fuels to generate electricity

Question 28

is/are the source of energy used in the production of electricity by nuclear power

Answer 28

Nuclear fission

Question 29

The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1968

Answer 29

protects most of the remaining undammed rivers from being dammed

Question 30

Which of the following currently has the highest energy returned on investment (EROI)?

Answer 30

Hydropower

Question 31

In the United States, nuclear power experienced the most growth during which of the

Answer 31

1970s

Question 32

Which of the following would produce a nuclear reaction?

Answer 32

bombarding uranium-235 with neutrons

Question 33

In the near future, the benefits of biofuel production may be enjoyed while reducing the impact on the global production of grain. One such promising approach is to

Answer 33

produce biofuels from grasses instead of corn

Question 34

Effects attributed to Chernobyl

Answer 34

include increased incidence of thyroid cancers

Question 35

Nuclear power plants in use today rely on

Answer 35

fission reactions to generate heat to boil water to generate electricity

Question 36

E-85

Answer 36

is an ethanol-gasoline mixture

Question 37

Worldwide, the most widely used source of renewable energy for generating electricity is

Answer 37

hydroelectric

Question 38

A self-amplifying reaction and a nuclear explosion in a nuclear power plant are prevented by

Answer 38

control rods that absorb neutrons

Question 39

U.S. hydroelectric dam construction peaked during the

Answer 39

1960s

Question 40

Which of the following is a documented negative impact of hydroelectric dams?

Answer 40

alteration of river sediment deposition

Question 41

Globally, almost 80% of all primary energy for today's economies comes from

Answer 41

fossil fuels

Question 42

Biofuels and nuclear power may prove useful

Answer 42

to bridge the time between fossil fuel depletion and new renewables

Question 43

Whether using a food crop as a source of biofuels is environmentally sustainable would depend upon all the following EXCEPT

Answer 43

The corporate profits that would be made

Question 44

Most of the world's ethanol is produced in the United States and

Answer 44

Brazil

Question 45

EROI is a measure of

Answer 45

the amount of energy invested into a source of energy compared to the amount of energy received from the source

Question 46

A hydroelectric dam contains all of the following EXCEPT

Answer 46

a combustion chamber

Question 47

Poor farmers in developing areas primarily use for an energy source.

Answer 47

Biomass

Question 48

Alternative energy sources that are often called "new renewables" include

Answer 48

solar, wind, and geothermal

Question 49

PV technology is best described as

Answer 49

using sunlight to generate electricity

Question 50

The primary motivation to develop new renewable energy sources comes from

Answer 50

concerns over diminishing fossil fuel supplies and the negative environmental impacts of fossil fuel use

Question 51

Which of the following methods is considered a type of passive solar energy collection?

Answer 51

using heat-absorbing construction materials

Question 52

Solar represents a minuscule portion of U.S. energy production because of

Answer 52

Costs and lack of investment

Question 53

A major advantage of solar power is that

Answer 53

Solar systems provide local, decentralized control over power

Question 54

A major disadvantage of solar power is

Answer 54

the uneven distribution of sunshine around the world

Question 55

Wind turbines are generally more productive if they are

Answer 55

higher, to minimize turbulence and maximize wind speed

Question 56

Passive solar power involves using

Answer 56

the energy of sunlight without relying on electrical or mechanical devices

Question 57

A major obstacle to the establishment of wind farms near populated and scenic areas is the

Answer 57

not-in-my-backyard (NIMBY) syndrome

Question 58

One benefit of offshore wind farms is that

Answer 58

wind speeds are higher and turbulence is lower over water than over land

Question 59

The current practice of geothermal power generation may not always provide a practical renewable energy source because

Answer 59

in some cases, the heated groundwater is used much faster than it is recharged

Question 60

A potential energy source from oceans is

Answer 60

ocean thermal energy

Question 61

Compared to the use of fossil fuels for generating electricity, wind energy

Answer 61

produces no exhaust pollutants and contributes little to global climate change

Question 62

Although photovoltaic electricity is considered a "clean" power source, one issue with this electricity is that it

Answer 62

cannot be stored easily in large quantities

Question 63

A solar cooker is an example of

Answer 63

passive solar technology

Question 64

One difficulty with the process of using hydrogen as a power source is that it

Answer 64

requires a substantial energy investment to produce the fuel

Question 65

Whether a hydrogen-based energy system is environmentally cleaner than a fossil fuel system depends on

Answer 65

the source of energy used to produce the hydrogen

Question 66

The chemical product produced by a hydrogen fuel cells is

Answer 66

Water

Question 67

Every winter morning when the sun is shining bright, a man living in Montana pulls back the drapes on a large, south-facing window. In this way, he helps heat his home using

Answer 67

passive solar

Question 68

Which two nations account for almost half of the global production of wind power?

Answer 68

United States and china

Question 69

Batteries utilize to store energy.

Answer 69

Chemical reactions

Question 70

Our primary way to store energy is via

Answer 70

pumped storage hydropower