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Review Material Flashcards

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1
Q

Unit for luminous intensity

A

Candela

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2
Q

Who discovered the atomic numbers of elements through the use of X-Rays?

A

Henry Moseley

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3
Q

What element has the most stable of isotopes, 10?

A

Tin

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4
Q

What a emissions occur when an electron cascades down to n=1 and emits UV radiation?

A

Lyman Series

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5
Q

What emissions occur when electrons cascade down to n=2 and emit visible light?

A

Balmer series

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6
Q

What emissions occur when electrons cascade down to n=3 and emit infrared radiation?

A

Paschen Series

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7
Q

What principal dictates the use of mass spectroscopy?

A

Differences in mass cause the differences in the degree of bending of a beam of ions passing through a magnetic field.

Light isotopes/ions bend the most.

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8
Q

What is the wave mechanical model of the atom?

A

A model that treats electrons bound to the nucleus like standing waves and makes orbitals

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9
Q

How is oxygen prepared?

A

Heating KClO3 and letting it decompose with a MnO2 catalyst

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10
Q

How is hydrogen prepared?

A

Single Replacement or Electrolysis

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11
Q

What is indicated by the level inside a eudiometer tube being higher than the level outside the tube?

A

The pressure inside the tube is less than the outside pressure by the the height of fluid in excess.

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12
Q

What is indicated when the level inside a eudiometer is lower than the level outside?

A

The outside pressure is lower than the inside pressure by the difference in levels.

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13
Q

What factor is multiplied to water levels in a eudiometer to convert it to millimeters of mercury?

A

1/13.6 since Mercury is 13.6 times a heavy as water

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14
Q

What happens to viscosity as the intermolecular forces in a liquid increase?

A

Viscosity increases

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15
Q

What happens when vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure?

A

Boiling

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16
Q

What causes sublimation?

A

Unusually high vapor pressure

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17
Q

What is the minimum pressure In order to liquefy a gas?

A

Critical pressure

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18
Q

What is the minimum temperature at which a liquid can be vaporized?

A

Critical temperature

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19
Q

What substances can distillation remove from water?

A

Anything with a boiling point higher than water’s

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20
Q

Why is 4 degrees the water’s highest density?

A

The expansion due to added heat and attraction due to hydrogen bonds are balanced

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21
Q

Are hydroxides soluble?

A

No except for Alkali metals, NH4+, Ca, Ba, and Sr

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22
Q

Are silicates SiO4 2- soluble?

A

No except for Group 1

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23
Q

Are sulfites SO3 soluble?

A

No except for Group 1

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24
Q

Are carbonates soluble?

A

No except for Group 1

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25
Are chromates CrO4 soluble?
No except for Group 1
26
Are phosphates PO4 soluble?
No except for Group 1 and NH4+
27
Are sulfides S soluble?
No except for Group 1, NH4+, and Group 2
28
Are sulfates SO4 soluble?
Yes except Pb, Ba, Sr, Ca, Hg2 2+ NOTE: Hg 2+, Ag+, and Ca are moderately soluble
29
Are nitrates soluble?
Yes
30
Are acetates soluble?
Yes
31
Are chlorides soluble?
Yes except for Ag, Pb, Hg2 2+
32
Are bromides soluble?
Yes except for Ag, Pb, Hg2 2+
33
Are iodides soluble?
Yes except for Ag, Pb, Hg2 2+
34
What effect does temperature have on gas solubility?
As temperature increases, solubility decreases
35
What does the Second Law of Thermodynamics say?
The entropy of the universe increases for any spontaneous process.
36
What is produced when acids react with carbonates?
Carbon dioxide and water
37
What is made in soaps?
Base and lipids
38
What is the color change and pH range of methyl orange?
3.1-4.4 | Red-Yellow
39
What is the pH range and color change of phenolphthalein?
8.3-10.0 | Colorless-pink
40
What happens when using single replacement reactions to prepare salts?
Active meta replaces a hydrogen in an acid
41
What happens when a double replacement reaction is used to prepare a salt?
Mixing 2 soluble salts makes an insoluble one
42
What do you call salts made out of the bisulfate ion?
Acid Salts
43
What is the name for sulfate salts made out of the sulfate ion?
Normal salts
44
What are the uses for sulfuric acid?
Oxidizing Agent and Dehydrating agent for carbs
45
What is the color of ZnS?
White
46
What is the color of CdS?
Bright Yellow
47
What is the color of As2S3?
Lemon Yellow
48
What is the color of Sb2S3?
Orange
49
What is the color of CuS?
Black
50
What is the color of HgS?
Black
51
What is the color of PbS?
Brown-Black
52
How does concentrated nitric acid react with copper?
Cu + 4HNO3 --) Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
53
What is the reaction between diluted nitric acid and copper?
3Cu + 8HNO3 --) 3Cu(NO3)2 + 4H2O + 2NO NO immediately oxidized in air into NO2
54
What is the flame test color of sodium?
Yellow
55
What is the flame test color of potassium?
Violet(use cobalt blue glass to screen out Na impurities)
56
What is the flame test color of indium
Crimson
57
What is the flame test color of calcium?
Orange-Red
58
What is the flame test color of barium?
Green
59
What is the flame test color of strontium?
Bright red
60
What is the most active halogen?
Fluorine
60
How do you solve for delta G
Standard delta G + RTln(K)
60
What are characteristics of weak bases?
Low solubility | React with water to become a base
61
What is the general rule for choosing an indicator?
1/10th rule | pH = pKa +- 1 in order to see color change
62
How doe you determine whether a compound will precipitate?
Q > Ksp means precipitation | Q
63
What is the coordination number?
The number of ligands attached (Water, ammonia, cyanide, chloride) Usually 6,4, or 2

SAT Chemistry (1 decks)

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