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Flashcards in Review Question Deck (21)
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Q

What doctrine says all reality is ultimately one? Give an analogy that describes it.

A

Monism; All rivers, lakes, and streams all flow into one ocean. Rivers, ponds, lakes and oceans appear to be quite distinctive, yet the share a common essence; they are all made up of water.

1
Q

Explain the meaning of the term moksha.

A

The Hindu term for “liberation” is moksha, a Sanskrit word that also means “release”.

2
Q

Define Brahman and Atman. How are the two related?

A

Brahman is the ground of existence and the source of the universe. Atman is the eternal self.

3
Q

What is the general function of Hinduism’s many deities?

A

Those are divine or perfect. The important thing for Hindus is to deal with the universe as it is, to seek salvation through liberation from the world’s bonds.

4
Q

Give a brief explanation of the doctrine of samsara.

A

The wheel of rebirth, the individual soul is reincarnated until Moksha is received.

5
Q

What is the name of Hinduism’s most popular sacred text?

A

Bhagavad-Gita

6
Q

According to Hinduism, what are the two principles that connect the dicing to this world? Briefly explain each.

A

Karma a moral law of cause of affect which says that every action has a justified affect and Dharma is ethical duty based on the divine order of reality; one of the four goals of life

7
Q

Name the four classes of the caste system and describe the people who belong to each.

A
  1. Brahmin (priest) 2. Kshatriya(warriors and administrators) 3. Vaishya(farmers- merchants and artisans) 4.Shurdra (servants and labor)
8
Q

In the Bhagavad-Gita, why does Krishna encourage Arjuna to engage in war?

A

It is his moral duty. Krishna reminds Arjuna that is his sacred duty to engage in battle.

9
Q

Identify and briefly explain the four stages of life.

A

intense study of the Vedas and other sacred literature

10
Q

Name and describe the four goals of life.

A

Kama: pleasure is sought but in the limits of Dharma. Artha: which are the material success and the social power and prestige the accompany it. Dharma: Harmony with life; Living a moral life is a primary concern. Moksha: The goal is to achieve the infinite being , awareness and bliss of liberation

11
Q

Identify the three paths to liberation. Which type of person is best suited for each path?

A

Karma Marga: the path of works , Jnana Marga: the path of knowledge and Bhakti Marga: the path of devotion

12
Q

What are the three most important schools of Hindu philosophy? What is the basic task that concerns all three?

A

Vendanta, Sankhya and Yoga. Their basic task is the attainment of knowledge over the ignorance that binds the self to samsara.

13
Q

Identify three important gods or goddesses of Hinduism.

A

Vishnu, Shiva, and Kali

14
Q

What is an avatar? Name two important Hindu figures identified as avatars.

A

An incarnations or living embodiment of a deity. Kirshnu and Rama

15
Q

What Hindu text is most closely associated with bhakti marga?

A

The Bhagavad Gita

16
Q

Identify three aspects of Hindu devotional life.

A

Household and village rituals, Pilgrimage to holy places and veneration of cows

17
Q

How did Mahatma Gandhi influence Hinduism?

A

He stood up to oppression through noniolence and civil disobedience

18
Q

What significant changes in the caste system took place in the 20th century?

A

1948 - forbade discrimination against outcastes

19
Q

What is sati? What is its status today?

A

Burning of a widow. Today it is forbidden.

20
Q

What significant Development occurred in relations between Hindus and Muslims in 1947?

A

The Muslim community forced the partitioning of India to form the divided nation of Pakistan, thus providing a Muslim homeland. This turned into a bloody ordeal in which many followers of both religions were killed.