Review Sheet Information Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
Genotype Phenotype Frequency
MM
A
Genotype Phenotype Frequency
MM M 28%
2
Q
Genotype Phenotype Frequency
MN
A
Genotype Phenotype Frequency
MN MN 50%
3
Q
Genotype Phenotype Frequency
NN
A
Genotype Phenotype Frequency
NN N 22$
4
Q
MN antibodies are mostly this class
A
cold reactive IgM (some IgG)
5
Q
MN antibodys react best at (cooler/warmer) temperatures
A
cooler
6
Q
Do MN antibodies fix complement?
A
No
7
Q
Are MN antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTF
A
rarely
8
Q
Anti-M reacts best at what pH?
A
6.5
9
Q
Do MN antibodies suffer from dosage effect?
A
Yes
10
Q
Are MN antibodies destroyed by enzymes?
A
Yes
11
Q
What phase and temp are MN antigens usually observed?
A
Initial Spin Room Temperature (or colder)
12
Q
What phase and temp is anti-N usually observed?
A
Initial Spin Room Temperature (or colder)
13
Q
S antibodies are usually what class?
A
IgG
14
Q
What phase and temp are S antigens usually observed?
A
AHG
Some at 37
15
Q
Do S antigens fix complement?
A
Yes
16
Q
Are S antigens implicated in HDNF and HTR?
A
HDNF
Sever HTR
17
Q
Are S antigens subject to the dosage effect?
A
No
18
Q
Are S antigens destroyed by enxymes?
A
S (ficin and papain)
s maybe
19
Q
S-s-U- individuals form
A
anti-U
20
Q
Is anti-U implicated in HDFN and HTR?
A
Yes
21
Q
N-U- patients form this antibody
A
anti-“N” (N quotes)
22
Q
N-U- patients who form anti-“N” must recieve these types of cells
A
M+N-S-s-U-
23
Q
What are the 3 main P system antigens?
A
P
P1
Pk
24
Q
Which two blood group systems are related to the P system?
A
ABH
I
25
P antibodies are this class
IgM
26
P antigens react best at this temperature in this medium
RT and below
| saline
27
Do P antigens fix complement?
Yes
28
Are P antigens implicated in HDFN and HTR?
No
29
Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (Donath Landsteiner test) and spontaneous abortions are characteristics of this antibody
anti-P
30
Parasitic infections are a characteristic of this antibody
Anti-P1
31
Spontaneous abortions in early pregnancy a characteristic of this antibody
Anti-PP1Pk
32
Individuals resistant to infection from uropathogenic E.coli and the parvo virus are lacking
P system antigens
33
Storage on the P antigen leads to
rapid deterioration
34
Name the two main antigens in the Lutheran system and their frequency.
Lu^a: 8%
| Lu^b: 99.8%
35
Which of these antibodies are very rare? Why
Anti-Lu^a
Anti-Lu^b
anti-Lu^b is rare because Lu^b is a high frequency antigen
36
Lu^a antibody class
IgM or IgG
37
Lu^b antibody class
IgG
38
Lutheran (Lu) antigens phase and temperature.
AGH
| 37 degrees
39
Do Lu antibodies fix complement?
Some
40
Are Lu antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTR?
```
Mild HDNF (antigens poorly developed at birth)
Mild HTR
```
41
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
K
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
K Kell 9%
42
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
k
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
k Cellano 99.8%
43
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Kp^a
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Kp^a Penny 2% (Caucasians)
44
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Kp^b
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Kp^b Rautenberg 99.9%
45
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Js^a
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Js^a Sutter 20% (African American)
46
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Js^b
Kell Blood Group
Symbol Name Frequency
Js^b Matthews 99%
47
What are the high frequency Kell antigens?
Cellano
Rautenberg
Matthews
48
What are the low frequency Kell antigens?
Penny
| Sutter
49
Kell antibody class
IgG (some are IgM in early detection)
50
Kell antigen phase and temperature
AHG
| Some K at 37
51
Do Kell antigens bind complement?
20% bind complement
52
Are Kell antigens implicated in HDFN and HTR?
Both- sever
53
What is the most commonly seen immunogenic antibody after ABO and Rh?
anti-Kell
54
Only males suffer from this phenotype with decreased expression of k, Js^b, and Kp^b
McLeod
55
Syndrome that shows abnormal RBCs, reduced serum haptoglobin, spleenomegaly, muscular abnormalities, and increased Ck-MM bands
McLeod phenotype
56
This system is unique because it is a system of genetically determined water-soluble antigens manufactured by tissue cells and secreted into body fluids. Antigens are adsorbed from the plasma onto the RBCs
Lewis System
57
Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a-b+)
Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a-b+0 72% 55%
58
Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a+b-)
Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a+b-) 22% 23%
59
Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a-b-)
Lewis Blood Group System
Phenotype C AA
Le(a-b-) 6% 22%
60
Which Lewis phenotype is found in newborns?
Le(a-b-)
61
What Lewis antigens can be found in newborn saliva?
Depending on the genes inherited, Le^a and Le^b
62
What Lewis antigens are detectable in newborn plasma?
None (no Le antigens on newborn RNCs)
63
What 3 genes are the Lewis phenotype dependent on?
ABO
Secretor
Le
64
Describe Le^a inheritance
ABO and Lewis gene; gene codes for L-fucosyltransferase that adds L-fucose to basic precursor substances on tissue cells= Le^a soluble substances
65
Describe Le^b inheritance
ABO, Lewis gene and Secretor gene; ABH, Le^a and Le^b substances in secretions
66
Lewis antibody class
IgM
67
Lews phase and temperatureq
saline
| RT
68
Do Anti-Le^a fix complement?
Yes
69
Do Anti-Le^b fix complement?
No
70
Lewis antibodies do not cause HDNF because
Newborns have Le(a-b-) phenotype (does not cross placenta)
71
Name the condition where Lewis antibodies are frequently encountered and then disappear when the condition is over
Pregnancy
72
What substance neutralizes Lewis Blood Group Substances. Where is it found?
Lewis Blood Group Substances
| saliva or plasma
73
Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a+b-)
Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a+b-) 18% 0.9%
74
Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a+b+)
Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a+b+) 49% 1.3%
75
Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a-b+)
Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a-b+) 34% 22%
76
Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a-b-)
Duffy System
Phenotype C A
Fy(a-b-) 0.01% 68%
77
Duffy antibody class
IgG
78
Duffy phase
AHG
79
Duffy fix complement?
Yes
80
Are Duffy antibodies implicated in HDFN and HTR
HDNF Yes
| HTF (sometimes delayed)
81
Do Duffy antigens suffer from dosage effect?
Yes
82
Are Duffy antigens destroyed by enzymes?
Yes
83
This Duffy phenotype shows resistance to Plasmodium vivax (malaria)
Fy(a-b-)
84
Why is the Duffy Fy(a-b-) phenotype resistant to malaria?
Merozoites can only invade Fy(a+) or Fy(b+) cells with normal antigens present (survival of the fittest)
85
Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a+b-)
Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a+b-) 26.3 51.1 23.22
86
Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a+b+)
Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a+b+) 50.3 40.8 49.94
87
Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a-b+)
Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a-b+) 23.4 8.1 26.84
88
Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a-b-)
Kidd System
Phenotype C AA Asia
Jk(a-b-) <0.01 0.9 to .1
89
Kidd antibody class
IgG
90
Kidd reacg completion phase
AGH
91
Do Kidd antibodies fix complement?
Yes
92
How do you detect weak example of Kidd activating complement?
polyspecific AGH
93
Are Kidd antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTF?
Mild HDFN
| HTR (DELAYED)
94
Name 3 reasons the Kidd system is hard to work with in Blood Bank
Shows dosage
Found in combination w/ other antibodies
Weak reactions
95
What are the two main antigen pairs in the Diego system?
Di^a and Di^b
| Wr^a and Wr^b
96
What are the two main antigen pairs in the Cartwright system?
Yt^a
| Yt^b
97
Cartwright antibody class
IgG
98
Do Carwright antibodies bind complement?
Yes
99
Carwright reaction phase
AHG
100
Are Cartwright antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTR?
Subclinical HDNF
| No HTF
101
What are the two main antigens in the Xg system?
Xg^a
| CD99
102
Xg^a antibody class
IgG
103
Xg^a reaction phase
AHG
104
Are Xg^a antibodies implicated in HDNF and HTR?
No
105
Name the 5 main antigens in the Scianna system
Sc1
Sc2
Sc3
106
Dombrock antibody class
IgG
107
Dombrock reaction phase
AHG
108
Are Dombrock antibody implicated in HDNF and HTR?
HDNF (mild or subclinical)
| No HTR
109
Name the 5 main antigens of the Dombrock system
```
Do^a
Do^b
Hy
Gy^a
Jo^a
```
110
Chido/Rodgers antibody class
complement C4 component adsorbed onto membrane
111
Chido/Rodgers reaction phase
polyspecific AHG
112
Implicated in HTF?
No HTR
| Anaphalyactic reactions
113
What are the two main antigens of the Chido/Rodgers Blood Group System?
Ch
| Rg
114
Why are Ch and Rg so different from other red blood cell antigens
Ch and Rg are part of the 4th component of Complement, and are adsorbed on to RBC membranes. They are seen in anaphalactic reactions of complement deficient persons
115
Gerbich antibody class
IgG
116
Gerbich reaction phase
AHG
117
Do Gerbich antibodies fix complement?
Rarely
118
Are Gerbich antibodies implicated in HDNF or HTR?
No
119
What are the 3 main antigens of the Gerbich system
Ge2
Ge3
Ge4
120
What are the 11 high and low frequency antigens in the Cromer system?
High: Cr^a, Tc^a, Dr^a, Es^a, WESb, UMC, GUT1
Low: Tc^b, Tc^c, WES
121
Cromer antibody class
IgG
122
Cromer reaction phase
AHG
123
Are Cromer antibodies implicated in HDFN and HTR?
No HDFN
| Yes HTR
124
```
Know these names
Knops
Indian
Ok
Ralph
JMH
```
```
Knows
Indian
Ok
Raph
JMH
```
125
Describe the development of the I antigen
Infants rich in little i at birth, decreases in first 18 months of life. Adult cells are rich in I with trace amounts of little i
126
I antibody class
IgM
127
I reaction phase and temp
Saline
| 4 degrees C
128
Do I antibodies fix complement?
No
129
Are I antibodies implicated in HDFN or HTR?
No
130
Why is anti-I hard for the blood banker? How do you solve this?
Can mask other antibodies
| Anti-I can be adsorbed out using patients enzyme treated RBCs and then plasma retested
131
Name 2 conditions where anti-I may be increased/present
Cold agglutinin disease
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
132
Name one condition associated with anti-I
Infectious Mononucleosis
133
What is the threshold for a high incidence antigen?
90% or greater of the population has it
