REVIEW TEST4 Flashcards
(44 cards)
What is function of kidney?
Excretion Blood volume regulation Concentration of solute Regulate extracellular fluid pH Red blood cell synthesis = secrete erythropoietin when not enough O2 in blood Activate Vitamin D
Arrange in order : minor calyxes to urethra (6)
Minor calyx Major calyx Renal pelvis Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra
How is the kidney protected from mechanical shock?
Renal capsule is a layer of adipose tissue cushions the kidney against mechanical shock, protected under ribs and layers of muscle
Blood vessel, nerves, ureter enter/leave kidney where?
Renal hilum
Kidney’s cone shaped renal pyramid. What does it called?
Renal medulla
Renal pyramid
What’s the tissue between pyramid called?
Renal column
What’s the function of unit of the kidney called?
Nephron
Filtering, reabsorbing, secrete excess solute that we don’t need
Network of capillaries in the bowman’s capsule, what is it called?
Glomerulus
What’s the filtration slits?
Podocyte wrap around capillary so amino acid can go through, but not protein and RBCells
Structure in afferent arterial, that would change blood flow to…..? Next structure?
Glomerulus
What is the filtration membrane consist of?
Podocyte
Capillary endothelium
Basement membrane
What is the portion of nephron that empties into the collecting duct?
Distal convoluted tubule
Renal corpuscle connect to :
Glomerulus and bowmans capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Arrange in sequence in which the filtrate move through them
(Glomerulus (blood)) Bowmans capsule (filtrate) Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule Collecting duct Renal papilla Minor calyx Major calyx Renal pelvis Ureter Urinary bladder Urethra
What is Vasa recta?
Capillaries maintain countercurrent exchange between Vasa recta and loop of Henle, work together to filter blood to concentrate urine
What is the skeletal muscle that surround urethra? What does it do?
External urethral sphincter
= voluntary control urination
What % of filtrate becomes urine?
Less than 1%.
In glomerular nephritis, what might you expect to find in urine?
Protein or blood cells
What does cremaster and dartos muscle do?
Both dartos muscle and cremaster muscle regulate temperature of testis
Cremaster muscle covers the testis, moves the testis, guard against injury.
Where are sperm produced?
Seminiferous tubule in testicles
What is the name of the thick white capsule covers testi?
Tunica albuginea
Which hormone produced by testis?
Testosterone
What are the Leydig / interstitial cells do?
Produce testosterone
Undescended testis means what?
Both testis fail to move into the scrotum before birth, cause infertility, increase cancer risk
3% full term
30% premature
