REVIEWER Flashcards
(128 cards)
1
Q
Boxlike Structure on a roof providing access to a stairwell or an elevator shaft
A
Bulkhead
2
Q
For Raising and lowering an elevator car: has motor-generator set, traction machine, speed governor, break, drive shaft, driving sheave and gears.
A
Hoisting Machinery
3
Q
Contains switches, buttons and other equipment for regulating electrical devices.
A
Control Panel
4
Q
One of the wire cables or ropes used for raising and lowering an elevator car.
A
Hoisting Cable
5
Q
vertical passageway for car and counterweights.
A
shaft
6
Q
a cage of light metal supported on a structural frame, the top member of which the cables, that carry the car, are fastened.
A
car
7
Q
are the means for lifting or lowering the car, usually 3 to 8 cables placed in parallel fastened to top of car by cable sockets passing over a motor driven cylindrical sheave to the counterweights.
A
cables
8
Q
these are rectangular blocks of cast iron stacked in one frame which is fastened to the opposite ends of the cables to which the car is fastened.
A
Counterweights
9
Q
are vertical tracks that guide the car and the counterweights.
A
Guide Rails
10
Q
a room usually placed above the shaft in which the elevator machine is housed; may also be located at the sides or at the bottom. It contains the motor-generator (MG) set which supplies energy to the elevator machine, the control board and the control equipment.
A
Machine Room
11
Q
tums the sheave that lifts and lowers the car.
A
Elevator Machine
12
Q
a combination of push buttons, contacts, relays, and devices, operated manually or automatically to initiate door opening, starting acceleration, retardation, leveling and stopping of the car.
A
Controls
13
Q
controls the speed.
A
Governor
14
Q
4 Safety Devices in Electric Elevator
A
Main Brake, Safety Switch, Electrical final limit switches, Oil or Spring Buffers
15
Q
mounted directly on the shaft of the elevator machine. The elevator is first slowed down by dynamic braking action of the motor and the brake then operates to clamp the brake drum, thus holding the car still at the floor.
A
Main Brake
16
Q
is designed to stop an elevator car automatically before car spöed becomes excessive. On overspeed, the speed governor will cut off power to the motor and set the brake. This usually stops the car, but should speed still increase, the governor will actuate rail clamps mounted at the bottom of the car one on each side. This wiIl clamp the guide rails bringing the car to a switch stop.
A
Safety Switch
17
Q
A wheel or disk with a grooved rim, used as a pulley for hoisting
A
Driving Sheave
18
Q
A pulley for tightening and guiding the hoisting cables of an elevator system. Also called a deflector sheave
A
Idle Sheave
19
Q
Color Coding of Pipping Steam Division
A
High Pressure - White
Exhaust System - Buff
20
Q
Color Coding of Pipping Water Division
A
Fresh Water, low pressure - Blue
Fresh water, high pressure - Blue
Salt water piping - Green
21
Q
Color Coding of Pipping Oil Division
A
Delivery - Brass or Bronze
Discharge - Yellow
22
Q
Color Coding of Pipping Pneumatic Division
A
All piping - Gray
23
Q
Color Coding of Pipping Gas Division
A
All piping - Black
24
Q
Color Coding of Pipping Fuel Oil Division
A
All piping - Black
25
Color Coding of Pipping Refrigerating Division
Pipes - Black
Fittings - Black
26
are located a few feet below and above safe travel limits of elevator car. If car over-travels, either down or up, these switches de-energizes the motor and sets the main brake.
Electric Final Limit Switches
27
are placed at the bottom of the elevator pit, not to stop a falling car, but to bring it to a partially cushion stop if the car should overshoot the lower terminal.
Oil or Spring Buffers
28
supporting cables pass over the sheave in grooves and connect to the counterweights. The lifting power is exerted by the sheave through the traction of the cables in the grooves.
Single Wrap Traction Machine
29
One-to-one Double Wrap Traction Machine
cables first wrap over the traction sheave T, then around the secondary or idler sheave S, and once more around T and S to the counterweights. This provides greater traction and is used in many automatic high speed installations.
30
This 2:1 roping, has a mechanical advantage of 2, which results in a high-speed, low power and therefore, low-cost traction machine.
Two-to-One Double Wrap Traction Machine (for freight elevators)
31
is used where the elevator machine is located at the basement.
Underslung System
32
consists of a DC motor, the shaft of which is directly connected to the brake wheel and to the driving sheave. The elevator cables are placed around this sheave. This type of machine is used for medium and high speed elevators for office and residential condominiums of 10 stories or more; where high speeds and smooth quality operation are desired.
Gearless Traction Machine
33
2. Geared Machine
this type of machine employs a worm and gear between the driving motor and the sheave. It is considered to be less superior to the gearless traction machine since it has more moving parts and requires more maintenance. Used for low and medium speed passenger and freight elevators.
34
this is the simplest of passenger operated automatic control system. It handles only one call at a time providing an uninterrupted trip for each call.
Single Automatic Push Button Control
35
control is arranged to collect all waiting up calls on the trip up and all waiting down calls on the trip down. The control system, stalls all calls until they are answered and automatically reverses the direction of travel at the highest and the lowest calls. When all calls have been cleared, the car will remain at the floor of its last stop awaiting the next call.
Collective Control
36
this system is used to control not only single elevators but an entire group or bank of cars. During peak periods, all cars are in operation; automatically, the system shuts down successively cars as the number of passengers reduces and return them to service as the number of passengers again increases to a high peak.
Electronic Group Supervisory Dispatching and Control
37
also called plunger elevators. It is raised by means of a movable rod or plunger rigidly fixed to the bottom of the car.
OIL HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS
38
mini version of an elevator, which is commonly used in
Restaurants to transport foods.
3.1.8. DUMBWAITERS
39
used where large numbers of people are scattered throughout a given area and on a large number of floors. These people being interested in moving about almost constantly to various locations for short periods of time
ESCALATORS
40
a welded steel frame which supports the moving stairway equipment. It comes in 3 sections: the middle straight section maybe of any desired length to provide rises of different heights.
TRUSS
41
are steel angles attached to the truss on which the step rollers are guided thus controlling the motion of the steps.
TRACKS
42
provide the motive power for the unit. An emergency brake located on the top sprocket will stop a loaded escalator safely in the event of a break in the chain.
Sprocket assemblies, chains, and drive machine
43
provides the motive power.
Driving Machine
44
consists of contactors, relays and a circuit breaker. Usually located near the drive machine, an emergency stop button wired to the controller and placed in or near the escalator will stop the drive machine and apply the brake.
Controller
45
This shuts off the well way at a given floor, thus preventing drat and the spread of fire upward through escalator wells.
ROLLING SHUTTER
46
Are closely spaced, high-velocity water nozzles which will, in the case of fire, form a compact water curtain to prevent smoke and flame from rising through the well ways.
Spray Nozzle curtain
47
consist of fire proof baffles surrounding the well way, extending downward about 20’’ below ceiling level. Smoke and flames rising upwards, meet a curtain of water from sprinkler heads surrounding the waffles, which serves as smoke and flame detector
Smoke Guard
48
Well way floor openings have a duct on each floor equipped with a number of smoke pick up relays. In case of fire, these relays automatically start the fans in the fresh air intake, located on the roof, driving air downward through the well ways.
Sprinkler Vent
49
Any of various forms of mass transit, as moving sidewalks or automated driverless vehicles, used for shuttling people around airports or in congested urban ares.
People Mover
50
A power- driven, continuously moving surface, similar to a conveyor belt, used for carrying pedestrians horizontally or along low inclines.
Moving Sidewalk
51
A platform mounted on a steel guide rail and driven by an electric motor used for raising or lowering a person or moving along a stairway. Also called a stair lift.
Inclined Lift
52
The frames on either side of the moving steps of an escalator.
BALLUSTRADES
53
Shielded, fenced or otherwise protected by means of suitable enclosure guards, covers or standard railings, so as to preclude the possibility of accidental contact or dangerous approach to persons or objects.
GUARDED
54
A power driven, inclined, continuous stairway for raising or lowering passengers.
ESCALATOR
55
Types of installation
Horizontal or level
Bi-level
Overpass installation
Underpass installation
56
A device designed to stop a descending car or counterweight beyond its normal limit of travel by absorbing and dissipating the kinetic energy of the car or counterweight.
BUFFER
57
Any inadvertent physical contact with power transmission equipment, prime movers, machines or machine parts which could result from slipping, falling, sliding, tripping or any other unplanned action or movement.
ACCIDENTAL CONTACT
58
Means that the moving parts of a machine are so guarded that physical contact by any part of the human body is precluded or prevented.
ENCLOSED
59
An apparatus for raising or lowering a load by the application of a building force, but does not include a car or platfom. It may be base-mounted, hook suspension, monorail, overhead, simple drum type or trolley suspension.
HOIST
60
A shaftway for the travel of one or more elevators or dumbwaiters.
HOISTWAY
61
A shaft, wheel, drum, pulley, system of fast and loose pulleys, coupling, clutch, driving belt, V-belt sheaves and belts, chains and sprockets, gearing, torque connectors, conveyors, hydraulic couplings, magnetic couplings, speed reducers or increasers or any device by which the rhotion of an engine is transmitted to or received by another machine.
POWER TRANSMISSION MACHINERY-
62
TYPES OF LAMPS
- filament lamps
- gaseous discharge lamps
- high-intensity discharge lamps
63
filament lamps
- Incandescent Lamps
- R and PAR
- Tungsten - Halogen
64
GASEOUS DISCHARGE LAMPS
- Fluorescent LAmps
- Energy Savings Lamps
- Neon Vapor Lamps
- PL Lamps
65
HIGH-INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMPS
a. Mercury Vapor Lamps
b. Metal Halide Lamps
c. Sodium Lamp
66
UNIT OF LIGHT
lumens
67
is the amount of lumens falling on an area one square foot one foot away; unit used to measure the density of luminous flux.
FOOTCANDLE
68
Sl unit of measure is the amount of lumens falling on an area one square meter one meter away.
LUX
69
Unit of Light intensity in English System
CANDLEPOWER (CP)
70
Unit of brightness
FOOTLAMBERT (FL)
71
Unite measure of luminous intensity
CANDELA (CD)
72
composed basically of a sealed glass containing a filament connected at its ends to the contact area in the base thereby completing an electric circuit.
4.2. INCANDESCENT LAMPS
73
are complete optical systems in a single bulb. The bulb contains a filament, reflector and lens.
R and PAR LAMPS
74
What does PAR stands for?
Parabolic Aluminized Reflector
75
made of two glass parts; one is the reflector welded together. Because of the more precise parabolic control, PAR lamps are sometimes aimed into a tight beam designed to hit a specific object or a smaller surface area.
PAR (Parabolic Aluminized Reflector)
76
The tungsten-halogen (also called quartz or quartz-iodine) lamps are hotter-burning incandescent lamps. These lamps use a halogen gas cycle to prevent rapid depreciation of the lamp filament and darkening of the transparent envelop.
TUNGSTEN HALOGEN LAMPS
77
comprises a cylindrical glass tube, sealed at both ends and containing an inert gas usually argon and mercury vapors. Built into each end is a cathode which supplies the electrons to start and maintain the mercury arc or gaseous discharge.
FLUORESCENT LAMPS
78
are the first HID lamps to be developed. It contains mercury vapor in a clear quartz arc tube, which when electrically excited, produces visible light of characteristically blue-green color.
MERCURY VAPOR LAMPS
79
90% - 100% of the light output is directed downwards
. Direct
80
60% to 90% of light is directed downwards; while 40% to 10% is directed upwards.
Semi-direct
81
provides approximately equal distribution of light upwards and downwards.
General diffuse or direct-indirect
82
Semi-indirec
60% to 90% of the light is directed upwards; 40% to 10% downwards.
83
90% to 100% of the light output is directed towards the ceiling and upper walls of the room.
Indirect
84
a system where light sources are shielded by a panel parallel to the wall and attached to the ceiling to distribute light downwards over the wall. This is considered as direct lighting.
Comice Lighting
85
a system where light sources are shielded by a ledge to distribute light upwards over the ceiling and upper wall. It is a form of indirect lighting.
Cove Lighting
86
for atmosphere and interest & interest when activities do not require much light.
Decorative Lighting
87
a system where light sources are shielded by a panel parallel to the wall usually across the top of a window. This provides light both upwards and downwards over the wall.
Valance Lighting
88
method which employs lamps at definite points where light is specially needed producing pools of light mingled with areas of shadows
Local Lighting
89
this method strives for diffused light and uniform intensity over an entire area. The lamps are evenly spaced without regard to furniture location and are provided with reflectors, baffles or diffusing prisms to prevent glare, harsh shadows and uneven illumination.
General Lighting
90
provides sufficient general lighting to illuminate various objects in the room and at the same time furnishes additional local lamps at desks, reading tables, showcases and other equipment needing additional illumination.
Combined Local and General Lighting sometimes called Localized Lighting
91
intensity of illumination for prolonged work, as in active filing, index referencing and mail sorting
50 to 100 fc
92
intensity of illumination for casual work, as in conferencing, interviewing and inactive
10 to 30 fc
93
intensity of illumination for for moderate work, as in intemittent filing and general clerical work
30 to 50 fc
94
refers to the number of directions and angles from which illuminating rays proceed. Good diffusion is obtained when light falls upon matte or satin surface from a variety of directions thus eliminating shadows and streaks of brilliancy.
Diffusion
95
Glare is defined as the effect of brightness in the field of vision which causes annoyance or discomfort, or in worse cases, interferes with seeing. When the glare is caused by light sources in the field of vision, it is known as "direct glare" or "disability qlare".
3. Absence of Glare
96
depends upon the type of lamp chosen. Incandescent lamps provide yellow light; although there are many other colors depending upon the color of their glass bulbs. Fluorescent lamps have the greatest variety of colors ranging from daylight to bluish white and even pinkish white.
Color of Light
97
directional lighting to emphasize a space or an object.
Accent lighting
98
the threadlike conductor of an electric lamp that is heated to incandescence by the passage of an electric current.
Filament
99
device which changes either amount or color, or both. of light passing through it.
Filter
100
the emission of visible light by a body when heated to a high temperature.
Incandescence
101
a device to control the amount of light by reducing the voltage or the current; also called a "rayostat".
Dimmer
102
method used for calculating illuminance levels in uniform situations; also called Zonal Cavity Method.
14. Lumiline — a tubular fluorescent lamp with a disc base at each end.
Lumen Method
103
a system for cataloging colors based on the smallest discrete increment of color change recognizable by a human. The Munsell system uses hue, chroma, and value to organize the complete range of possible colors.
Munsell system
104
long source of light over a window / its light illuminates the wall & draperies for spacious effect.
Valance
105
the process by which light is bent when passing from one medium to another.
Refraction
106
Three elements to start a fire
fuel, oxygen and heat
107
CLASSES OF FIRE: Ordinary combustible matefials such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber and plastics, etc.
Class A
108
CLASSES OF FIRE: Flammable or combustible liquids, flammable gases.
Class B
109
CLASSES OF FIRE: Combustible metals such as potassium, sodium, magnesium and other reactive metals
Class D
110
CLASSES OF FIRE: Energized electrical equipment
CLASS C
111
FIRE GROWTH: Involves flaming combustion of an item and may lead to a spread of fire; or a smoldering, poorly-ventilated fire with substantial smoke.
STAGE 1
112
FIRE GROWTH: All materials in companment are alight; maximum rate of heat release is dependent on either available ventilation or quantity of fuel
STAGE 3
113
FIRE GROWTH: Rapid change from a local fire to one involving all combustible materials in a room.
STAGE: 2
114
FIRE GROWTH: Gradual consumption of fuel in the compartment.
STAGE 4
115
a damper that closes an air duct automatically in the event of fire to restrict the passage of fire and smoke
Fire damper
116
a pump that provides the required water pressure in a standpipe or sprinkler system when the pressure in the system drops below a pre-selected value.
Fire pump
117
a zone of a city within which certain construction types are prohibited because
Fire zone
118
a compound used to raise the ignition point of a flammable material, thus making it more resistant to fire.
Flame retardant
119
Flame-spread rating
a rating of how quickly a fire can spread along the surface of an interior finish material.
120
the lowest temperature at which a combustible liquid will give off sufficient vapor to ignite momentarily when exposed to flame.
Flash point
121
a link made of a fusible metal. When exposed to heat of a fire, the link melts and causes a fire door, fire damper, or the like to close.
Fusible link
122
a term often applied to a can-type of recessed incandescent downlight.
High Hat
123
PARTS OF OIL HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR
- rail
- car
- guide
- plunge
- motor
- pump
- buffer spring
124
consists of a DC motor, the shaft of which is directly connected to the brake wheel and to the driving sheave. The elevator cables are placed around this sheave.
Gearless Traction Machine
125
this type of machine employs a worm and gear between the driving motor and the sheave.
Geared Machine
126
cables first wrap over the traction sheave T, then around the secondary or idler sheave S, and once more around T and S to the counterweights. This provides greater traction and is used in many automatic high speed installations.
One-to-one Double Wrap Traction Machine
127
supporting cables pass over the sheave in grooves and connect to the counterweights. The lifting power is exerted by the sheave through the traction of the cables in the grooves.
Single Wrap Traction Machine
128
parts of an electric elevator
- shaft
- car
- cables
- counterweights
- Guide rails
- Machine room
- Elevator Machine
- Controls
- governor
- Safety devices
