Revision Questions Flashcards by Jack Builder

A common error to both ADF/NDB and VOR navigation systems is -

A. Vertical polarisation
B. Night effect
C. Coastal refraction
D. Terrain effect

D. Terrain effect

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The ADF sense antenna -

A. Resolves the 180 degree ambiguity
B. Fine tunes NDB frequency
C. Identifies the maximum signal position
D. Identifies the null position

A. Resolves the 180 degree ambiguity

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At ranges up to line of sight, the type of radio wave propagation on which the ADF/NDB system relies to provide accurate information is -

A. The direct wave
B. The sky wave
C. The ground wave
D. A combination of ground and sky wave

A. The direct wave

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An aircraft is operating under the IFR. It is exempt from the requirement to obtain fixes at the specified intervals when -

A. Equipped with an approved area navigation system that meet performance requirements of the intended airspace or route
B. It carries three crew members
C. GPS equipped
D. Using VFR procedures

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The ADF loop antenna -

A. Resolves the 180 degree ambiguity
B. Fine tunes the NDB frequency
C. Identifies the maximum signal position
D. Identifies the null position

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HF radio waves primarily propagate by -

A. Ground waves
B. Diffracting ground waves
C. Direct waves
D. Single and multi-hop sky waves

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On an ILS display, full deflection of the glide path needle occurs when the aircraft is -

A. 0.5 degrees above or below glide path
B. 0.7 degrees above or below glide path
C. 1.0 degrees above or below glide path
D. 1.4 degrees above or below glide path

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As an aircraft approaches an en route DME station when overflying, the DME distance readout will -

A. Reduce at an decreasing rate to read height in NM overhead, then increase at an increasing rate after station passage
B. Reduce at an increasing rate to read height in NM overhead, then increase at an decreasing rate after station passage

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The worst error in a gyrostabilised magnetic compass is -

A. Deviation
B. Under read
C. Read zero
D. Read correctly

A. Deviation

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An aircraft is descending on an on ILS. QNH 1013 and temp ISA-15

Assuming aircraft is exactly on the glide path the altimeter indication in relation to the glide path would be -

A. Above the glide path
B. On the glide path
C. Below the glide path
D. Unable to determine without a radar altimeter

A. Above the glide path

Aircraft is exactly on the glide path

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Horizontal axis gyro at the poles

= what topple or drift

No topple
Maximum drift

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Horizontal axis gyro at the equator

= what topple or drift

Max topple
No drift

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Vertical axis gyro at the poles

= what topple or drift

No topple
No drift

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Horizontal axis gyro at the equator

= what topple or drift

Maximum topple
No drift

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How many satellites are required for a 2D GPS fix

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How many satellites are required for a 3D GPS fix

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How many satellites are required for a 3D GPS fix with RAIM

5 (-1 with Barometric aid)

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How many satellites are required for a 3D GPS fix with fault detection & exclusion

6 (-1 with barometric aid)

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The minimum number of satellites required to eliminate GPS receiver clock error is -

A. 4
B. 3
C. 5
D. 6

A. 4

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In a horizontal axis gyroscope at the South Pole -

A. Drift and topple due to Earth rate rotation will be at the maximum values
B. Drift and topple due to Earth rate rotation will be zero
C. Drift will be zero and topple will be maximum
D. Drift will be maximum and topple will be zero

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Use of pseudo-random code allows

A. Each satellite to transmit on the same frequency
B. Each satellite to transmit on the same code
C. Each satellite to transmit on both AM and FM
D. Each satellite to transmit on turn

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GPS works on the principal of-

A. Doppler shift
B. Time signals
C. Distance measuring
D. Time difference

D. Time difference

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The following which is not a characteristic of the GPS ‘P’ code is -

A. It can only be used by US dep. of defence
B. It can be encrypted
C. It is on a higher frequency than C/A (civilian) code
D. It is theoretically more accurate than C/A (civilian) code

C. It is on a higher frequency than the C/A code

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In relation to background radio noise, the GPS signal is -

A. Stronger
B. Weaker
C. The same
D. On a different frequency

B. Weaker

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An INS will accept automatic position updates from - A. Em route NDB’s B. NDB bearing lines intersecting at not less than 45 degrees within 30nm C. VOR bearing lines intersecting at not less than 45 degrees within rated coverage D. 2 DMEs within 200nm

Flight crew using Area Nav Systems for navigation in CTA must advise ATC when times between updates exceeded - A. 2 hours B. 5 hours for a single unit or 12 hours for multiple units C. 3 hours for a single unit or 5 hours for multiple units D. 30 mins

In an airborne weather radar system, the factor which determines the resolution (in azimuth) between adjacent targets at the same range and level is - A. Pulse repetition frequency (PRF) B. Pulse length C. Beam width D. Signal frequency

C. Beam width

On a Lamberts conformal conical projection, the parallel of origin is - A. Approximately mid way between the standard parallels B. The most poleward of the standard parallels C. The most equatorial of the standard parallels D. The centre of the sphere

A. Approximately mid way between the standard parallels

An common error associated with the localiser is A. Ionospheric effects B. Course reversal C. Site effect D. Vertical polarisation

B. Course reversal Due to false lobes outside a sector 35 degrees either side of Centreline

When climbing at a constant Mach number in an isothermal layer of the atmosphere, the calibrated airspeed (CAS) will - A. Reduce B. Remain steady C. Increase D. Be equal to TAS

A. Reduce The CAS/Mach relationship only depends on FL. With a constant Mach climb, CAS reduces

For an aircraft flying at FL270, the maximum theoretical range of a VOR located at sea level is -

Between 200 and 202 nm Square root of (1.5 x receiver altitude) = square root of (1.5 x 27000) = 201.24nm

The amount of apparent precession in a DG is dependant on A. Latitude change only B. Latitude, provided there is some longitude change C. Longitude change only, irrespective of latitude D. Longitude, provided there is some latitude change

B. Latitude, provided there is some longitude change If the longitude does not change (fly north or south) the gyro alignment will not be affected by the movement of the aircraft over the surface of the earth (transport apparent precession) LATITUDE affects the amount of CONVERGENCE (n) of the meridians and therefore the rate of PRECESSION

At a constant Mach and FL, if the temp increases the IAS will - A. Increase B. Decrease C. Initially increase and then decrease D. Stay the same

D. Stay the same

The following RF band which is most susceptible to static interference is - A. UHF B. VHF C. MF D. FM

C. MF

One of the principal advantages of a gyro-stabilised remote magnetic indicator over a conventional magnetic compass is that - A. Turning and acceleration errors are minimised B. All errors are eliminated C. It is independent of aircraft power supply D. Precession is removed by the gyro-stabilisation

Gyrocompassing is a technique for aligning the INS platform with - A. Magnetic north at the departure point B. Magnetic north at the destination C. True north D. Either magnetic or true north as required

C. True north

The range of an NDB station depends on - A. Power, surface propagation characteristics and time of day B. Signal polarisation, receiver antenna length and frequency C. Latitude, frequency and power D. Time of day, latitude and surface propagation characteristics

A. Power, surface propagation characteristics and time of day

A horizontally polarised radio wave is best received by - A. A vertical antenna B. A horizontal antenna C. A loop aerial D. A sense aerial

B. A horizontal antenna

Demodulation is the process of - A. Reversing the modulation process of a signal so the intelligence may be extracted B. Detuning a radio receiver if a signal is too strong C. Replying to a radio signal D. Generating an opposing radio signal 180 deg out of phase with another to a cancellation of a signal

A. Reversing the modulation process of a signal so the intelligence may be extracted

Without considering the error introduced by PDOP, the maximum position error of the GPS, including selective availability is - A. +/- 30m B. +/- 100m C. +/- 10m D. +/- 10ft

A. +/- 30m

On a mercators projection, straight lines approximate - A. Rhumb lines B. Great circles C. The shortest track between 2 points on a sphere D. Lines of changing bearing

A. Rhumb lines

A basic inertial nav system is gyro stabilised to - A. Local earth horizontal only B. True north only C. Magnetic north only D. Local earth horizontal and true north

D. Local earth horizontal and true north

Automatic updating of an IRS/INS will be inhibited when - A. Within 200nm of a DME beacon if the aircrafts track will pass within 140nm of it B. Within 200nm of 2 DME stations C. Within 25nm of a co-located VOR/DME D. Within 25nm of two VOR’s at an angle of not less than 45 degrees

D. Within 25nm of two VOR’a at an angle of not less than 45 degrees

When considering the use of HF for comms and having a range of available frequencies, it is usually best to use - A. Lower frequencies at night due to the higher ionosphere B. Lower frequencies at night due to the higher ionosphere C. Higher frequencies at night due to the lower ionosphere D. Higher frequencies at night due to the higher ionosphere

B. Lower frequencies at night due to the higher ionosphere

An advantage of a servo assisted altimeter over a conventional altimeter is - A. Automatic error compensation B. An immediate indication of climb or descent with a change in aircraft pitch C. Reduced lag error at high altitude D. Accurate indication of height above ground

C. Reduced lag error at high altitude

An advantage of a Ring Laser Gyro (RLG) over a conventional Gyro is that the RLG - A. Has no moving parts B. Can move in all directions C. Does not suffer from frictional procession effects on the rotor D. Is relatively free from transport rate wonder

A. Has no moving parts

An advantage of single side band (SSB) radio transmission is - A. Increased signal refraction B. That SSB signals do not require demodulation C. The inclusion of a high energy AM Carrie wave D. The elimination of a high energy AM carrier wave

D. The elimination of a high energy AM carrier wave

A great circle track is defined as - A. A segment of arc of a circle which intersects all meridians at a constant angle B. A segment of arc of a circle which intersects all meridians at 90 degrees C. A segment of arc of a circle with a radius equal to that of the Earths radius D. A segment of arc of a circle which divides the earth into unequal halves

C. A segment of arc of a circle with a radius equal to that of the Earths radius

The principal advantage of a servo-assisted (electric) altimeter over a conventional altimeter is - A. It has much greater accuracy at all altitude B. It has greatly reduced lag error at high altitudes only C. It registers a change as soon as the aircraft pitch attitude changes D. It does not require manual input of QNH

A. It has much greater accuracy at all altitude

The NDB propagates primarily by the use of - A. Sky waves B. Direct waves C. Ground waves D. Space waves

C. Ground waves

The VOR operates on the principal of A. Frequency differential B. Amplitude modulation C. Phase differential D. Frequency modulation

C. Phase differential

At ranges greater than line of sight, the type of radio wave propagation the ADF system relies to provide accurate information is - A. The direct wave B. Sky wave C. Ground wave D. Ground and sky wave

C. Ground wave

HF radio waves primarily propagate by A. Ground waves B. Diffeacting sky waves C. Direct waves D. Single and multi hope sky waves

D. Single and multi hop sky waves

Advantages of the gyrostabilised remote indicating compass over the direct reading magnetic compass are - A. No errors B. Low power operation, simple and economical C. Reliable, reduced errors and not reliant on external power supply D. Reduced turning and acceleration errors, reduced deviation and slaveable output

D. Reduced turning and acceleration errors, reduced deviation and slaveable output

Advantages of the direct reading magnetic compass over the gyrostabilised remote indicating compass are - A. Minimal errors, effective anywhere on the globe B. Not reliant on external power, simple construction and economical C. Output can be slaved to other instruments, stable readout in turbulence D. Unaffected by latitude, inexpensive and lightweight

D. Unaffected by latitude, inexpensive and lightweight

The principal advantage of an IVSI over a conventional VSI is that it - A. Is more accurate during a steady climb or descent B. Does not rely on air pressure from the static source C. Utilises an electrical servo to assist indication of climb and descent D. Utilises an inertial system to assist indication of climb and descent

D. Utilises an inertial system to assist indication of climb and descent

Calibrated air speed (CAS) is - A. IAS corrected for pressure, instrument and compressibility errors B. IAS corrected for pressure and instrument errors, for practical purposes IAS approximates CAS C. EAS corrected for density error D. TAS corrected for compressibility error

B. IAS corrected for pressure and instrument errors, for practical purposes IAS approximates CAS

When using weather radar, the most turbulent areas are identified by - A. The centre of the avoid area B. The closest contours, nearest the avoid zone C. The position where the contours are at the greatest spacing D. The outer edge of the avoid area

B. The closest contours, nearest the avoid zone

With regard to continuous or pulsed wave altimeters - A. Radar altimeters (pulsed) are used for low level indications, while radio altimeters (continuous wave) are used for high level indications B. Radar altimeters (pulsed) are used for high level indications, while radio altimeters (continuous wave) are used for low level indications

B. Radar altimeters (pulsed) are used for high level indications, while radio altimeters (continuous wave) are used for low level indications

If an aircraft heading east over Australia suddenly decelerates, the compass reading will initially - A. Turn north B. Turn south C. Remain steady D. Oscillate then return to its original heading

A. Turn north

You are inbound on runway LLZ heading to your destination server by a NDB, VOR and LLZ. The aid you would use for tracking purposes is A. All B. NDB C. LLZ D. VOR E. LLZ if conducting a LLZ approach otherwise VOR

C. LLZ

The greatest error in an ASI, due to compressibility, is caused by - A. High temp B. High altitude C. Low temp D. Low altitude

B. High altitude

When plotting a magnetic radial of a VOR on a chart - A. You should plot the radial direct on the chart using the grid B. You must allow for deviation at the station C. You must allow for variation at the aircraft’s present position D. You add or subtract the variation to give you a true bearing before plotting on the chart

D. You add or subtract the variation to give you a true bearing before plotting on the chart

An aircraft is parked on the ground at a position of 30S lat with all electrical and avionics systems operating. With regards to the error in a directional gyroscope- A. It would have no error B. It would have half the error as in flight C. It would have the same error as in flight D. It would have twice the error as in flight

C. It would have the same error as in flight

An aircraft transmitting from a vertically orientated antenna would produce - A. A vertically polarised signal in a vertical direction B. A horizontally polarised signal in a horizontal direction C. A vertically polarised signal in a horizontal direction D. A horizontally polarised signal in a vertical direction

C. A vertically polarised signal in a horizontal direction

On a polar stereo graphic projection, great circles are approximately straight lines - A. Near the equator B. Near the pole C. Only in East - West tracks D. Over the whole chart

B. Near the pole Great circles which cross the poll are straight. Equator is a great circle but does not cross pole and therefore appears curved

On a Lamberts projection, the distance scale is expanded - A. Outside the standard parallels B. Between the standard parallels C. North of the parallel of origin D. South of the parallel of origin

A. Outside the standard parallels

The function of the loop antenna of the ADF is - A. To resolve the 180 degree ambiguity caused by the sense antenna B. Tune the receiver C. Locate the aural null D. Identify the station

C. Locate the aural null

The surface considered to provide the most reliable and accurate radio altimeter readings is - A. Scattered scrub B. Tall trees C. Choppy water D. Soft sand

C. Choppy water

When flying an aircraft equipped with multiple INS’s, the max number allowable radial error permitted before maintenance action is required for a 15hr flight is - A. 20nm B. 25nm C. 48nm D. 30nm

D. 30nm

When flying in conditions warmer than ISA, compared to True Alt an aircraft altimeter will read - A. Correctly B. High C. Low D. Pressure height

C. Low

The phase angle of a radio wave at a point 1/4 of the way through a cycle is - A. 0 B. 90 C. 180 D. 270

B. 90

The term amplitude modulation refers to a method of transmitting information via radio waves by - A. Varying the amplitude of the carrier wave signal according to variations in the amplitude of the information being transmitted B. Varying the frequency of the information being transmitted according to variations in the amplitude of the carrier wave signal

A. Varying the amplitude of the carrier wave signal according to variations in the amplitude of the information being transmitted In both AM and FM the carrier is modulated either in amplitude (AM) or frequency (FM) according to the amplitude of the frequency being sent

While on approaching to land on a ILS the glideslope CDI suddenly fluctuates. The probably cause is - A. Unrelated to other aircraft B. Another aircraft has just taken off from the same runway C. Another aircraft landing on an adjacent runway flying across your flight path D. Another aircraft taxiing which inadvertently operates is weather radar while pointed at the GS transmitter

C. Another aircraft landing on an adjacent runway flying across your flight path Weather radar is unlikely to affect ILS equipment. However, an aircraft taking off ahead may cause localiser LOC fluctuations

On a Mercator’s projection a straight line represents - A. A rhumb line B. A great circle C. An iso final D. The shortest path between two points

A. A rhumb line

On a polar stereo graphic projection, rhumb lines are - A. Represented by straight lines near the pole, becoming concave to the pole at low latitude B. Curved concave to the equator C. Curved concave to the pole D. Straight

C. Curved concave to the pole

On a polar stereo graphic projection, great circles are - A. Represented by straight lines at the pole, becoming concave to the pole at low latitude B. Curved concave to the equator C. Curved concave to the pole D. Straight

A. Represented by straight lines at the pole, becoming concave to the pole at low latitude

On a Lamberts conical projection, which of the following are both rhumb lines and great circles? A. All parallels of latitude except the equator B. The equator and all meridians of longitude C. All meridians of longitude and anti meridians and all parallels of latitude D. All parallels of latitude

B. The equator and all meridians of longitude

An IRS/INS system may NOT be updated from - A. GNSS B. VOR’a C. DME’s D. NDB’s

D. NDB’s

A mach meter is an ASI with an additional input of - A. Pressure altitude B. Outside air temp C. Acceleration D. Total air temp (TAT)

A. Pressure altitude

An error associated with the NDB/ADF is - A. Vertical polarisation B. Ground station error C. Airborne equipment error D. Quadrantal error

D. Quadrantal error

ATC must be advised if a crew using a single INS in an Oceanic Control Area (OCA) exceed a time between updates of - A. 5 hours B. 12 hours C. 3 hours D. 2 hours

A. 5 hours

The Selective Availability function of the GPS means - A. Only military users can access the signal B. The GPS is not available at selected times C. The GPS signal accuracy is degraded intentionally D. The GPS signal is not available in the selected area

C. The GPS signal accuracy is degraded intentionally

The approximate difference between true altitude and indicated altitude is - A. 6% of the indicated altitude per degree of temperature variation from ISA B. 4% of the indicated altitude per 10 degrees of temperature variation from ISA C. 4% of the indicated altitude per 1000ft of altitude D. 6% of the indicated altitude per 10 degrees of temperature variation from ISA

B. 4% of the indicated altitude per 10 degrees of temperature variation from ISA

The maximum range of a pulsed radar array is limited primarily by the - A. Pulse repetition frequency B. Beam width C. Transmission frequency D. Transmitter power

A. Pulse repetition frequency

A common error to both the ADF/NDB and the VOR is - A. Vertical polarisation B. Night effect C. Coastal refraction D. Terrain effect

D. Terrain effect

Side bands (USB or LSB) are often used with AM radio propagation. An advantage of utilising side band transmissions is - A. External noises and interference are reduced B. The carrier does not have to be so powerful C. Different information can be transmitted simultaneously on both bands D. All of the above

D. All of the above

The ability of airborne weather radar to distinguish between targets at the same altitude and bearing but different ranges (range resolution) is determined by - A. Transmitter power B. Antenna size C. Wave length D. Pulse length E. Beam width

D. Pulse length

Aircraft weather radar suffer from attenuation. The term ‘attenuation’ means - A. Mixing of ground clutter with cloud returns B. Weakening of the radar transmissions C. Unwanted returns from side lines D. Distortion of the beam width and pulse length

B. Weakening of the radar transmissions

The minimum number of satellites required to eliminate GPS receiver clock error is - A. 4 B. 3 C. 5 D. 6

A. 4

An NDB station radiates a signal which is - A. In 2 parts, one constant and the other variable in phase depending on the relative position to the station B. Omni directional C. In the VHF band D. Calibrated for the magnetic variation at the station

B. Omni directional

In an INS system, compensation for earth rate rotation must be applied - A. According to the aircraft speed over the ground B. Equally at all points over the earths surface C. According to a specific latitude D. According to a specific longitude

C. According to a specific latitude

In an INS system, compensation for transport rate must be applied - A. According to the aircraft’s speed over the ground B. Equally at all points over the earths surface C. According to a specific latitude D. At 15.04 degrees per hour

A. According to the aircraft’s speed over the ground

The purpose of the annunciator in a gyrostabilised remote indicating compass system is to indicate - A. That the magnetic detector unit and gyro are correctly aligned and synchronised B. A weakening of the horizontal (H) component of the Earths magnetic field C. Whether or not the electric heading signal is being fed to ancillary equipment D. Power failure

A. That the magnetic detector unit and gyro are correctly aligned and synchronised

The meteorological condition which would give the max amount of radar energy reflected from a cloud is - A. Most B. Freezing fog C. Dry hail D. Heavy wet snow

D. Heavy wet snow

The characteristic which has the most effect in determining whether or not a radar return will be received from a particular size of water drop is - A. Pulse length B. Pulse repetition frequency C. Beam width D. Wave length (operating frequency)

D. Wave length (operating frequency)

On a lamberts projection, straight lines approximate - A. Rhumb lines B. Great circles C. Parallels of latitude D. Lines of constant bearing

B. Great circles

On a polar stereo graphic projection, great circles are approximately straight lines - A. Near the equator B. Near the pole C. Only on East/West tracks D. Over the whole chart

B. Near the pole

The LMT at a point on longitude 090W at 1800 UTC is - A. 1200 B. 0000 C. 0200 D. 0800

A. 1200 West is BEHIND UTC East is AHEAD OF UTC

Amplitude modulation refers to a method of transmitting information via radio waves by - A. Varying the amplitude of the carrier wave signal according to variations in the amplitude of the information being transmitted B. Varying the amplitude of the carrier wave signal according to variations in the frequency of the information being transmitted C. Varying the frequency of the information being transmitted according to variations in the amplitude of the carrier wave signal D. Varying the frequency of the carrier wave signal according to variations in the amplitude of the information being transmitted

A. Varying the amplitude of the carrier wave signal according to variations in the amplitude of the information being transmitted

A horizontally polarised antenna transmits a signal which is - A. Horizontal in its magnetic element and vertical in its electric element B. Horizontal in its electrical element and vertical in its magnetic element C. Horizontal in its magnetic element and electrical element D. Vertical in its magnetic and electrical elements

B. Horizontal in its electrical element and vertical in its magnetic element

On a Lamberts conformal conical projection, a great circle track away from the parallel of origin appears - A. Concave to the parallel of origin B. Concave to the nearer pole C. Straight D. Concave to the nearer standard parallel

A. Concave to the parallel of origin

C. Curved concave to the pole

A. Represented by straight lines at the pole, becoming concave to the pole at low latitude

On a mercators projection a straight line represents - A. A rhumb line B. A great circle C. An isogonal D. The shortest path between two points

A. A rhumb line

Your EFIS equipped aircraft RNAV system is automatically updating. During the update you would notice - A. The autopilot disconnect B. The EHSI map change its display C. A warning light illuminate D. A synthetic voice tell you of the change

B. The EHSI map change its display

On a mercators projection, straight lines approximate - A. Rhumb lines B. Great circles C. The shortest track distance between two points on a sphere D. Lines of changing bearing

A. Rhumb lines