Revision quiz 1

Question 1

In emphysema, the alveolar walls break down and get bigger and irregular. What happens to the ability to breathe through the airway?

Answer 1

The airway becomes obstructed as alveoli collapse

Question 2

Mr Gibson has been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Mr Gibson is producing copious secretions. What effect does this have on his airway?

Answer 2

Increasing airway resistance

Question 3

Mr Paul Myers is 54 years old and slightly overweight. He was admitted to the local hospital with chest pain, his ECG indicated an acute anterior myocardial infarction.

Mr Myers’ vital signs include: heart rate 122 bpm; blood pressure 100/58 mmHg; cold and clammy to touch.

How would you classify these signs and symptoms in a type of shock?

Answer 3

Developing cardiogenic shock

Question 4

Chest pain is a common symptom in pneumonia.

What medicine can be used to alleviate chest pain?

Answer 4

Analgesia

Question 5

In foetal life, which is the only blood vessel to carry oxygenated blood, and not de-oxygenated blood or a mixture of oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood?

Answer 5

Umbilical vein

Question 6

Lucy has a heart defect, which is diagnosed as a large ventricular septal defect. What does this mean?

Answer 6

Deoxygenated and oxygenated blood mix within the heart

Question 7

Lucy is likely to require treatment with at least one drug. What will be the drug targets?

Answer 7

Enzymes, receptors, carriers and ion channels

Question 8

Sian, aged 18, has an injury to her right hand. The pain signal produced travels up to the brain where it is experienced – in which part of the brain?

Answer 8

Left somatosensory cortex

Question 9

Some opioid pain medication can be provided in a patch (transdermal). What property does a drug need to cross the layers of the skin?

Answer 9

Lipophilic