Revision topic 14

Question 1

what is a homologous series

Answer 1

it is a family of compounds with the same functional group

Question 2

what is the functional group of alcohols

Answer 2

-OH

Question 3

what is the functional group of carboxylic acids

Answer 3

-COOH

Question 4

what is the functional group of Esters

Answer 4

COO

Question 5

what are the uses of ethanol and other acids

Answer 5

ethanol:
1. alcoholic drinks 
2. biofuel
methanol:
dye
other alcohols:
mouth was, perfumes and after shave

Question 6

combustion and alcohol

Answer 6

ethanol can be reacted with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water
since ethanol is flammable we can make a spirit burner from it or use it as a biofuel

Question 7

sodium and alcohol

Answer 7

alcohols react similar to water with sodium, as the metal would fiz around producing hydrogen and it would float on the alcohol then it would dissolve to sodium ethoxide

sodium + ethanol —–> sodium ethoxide + hydrogen

Question 8

oxidation and alcohol

Answer 8

you can oxidize alcohol by combustion or by adding an oxidizing agent that would produce an acid
ethanol + oxidising agent —–> ethanoic acid +water

Question 9

what is the difference between week acids and strong acids

Answer 9

strong acids have a lower ph than weaker acid as the have more H+ ions than the weeker acid because of that strong acids can ionize the water completely while week acids ionize it partly

Question 10

how do you make an ester

Answer 10

carboxylic acid + alcohol ====== ester + water
ethanoic acid + ethene ===== ethylethanote + water

with catalysts of dilute acid specifically sulphuric acid