revision topic 2

Question 1

what is an ionic bond?

Answer 1

it’s a strong bond between two oppositely charged ions

Question 2

what is a covalent bond

Answer 2

the share of electrons between non-metal electrons

Question 3

how does metals bond

Answer 3

when metals bond their outer shell electrons get knocked off and form a delocalized sea of electrons and positive ions from the metals from that an electrostatic attraction between the delocalized sea of electrons and the positive ions form holding the metal in place

Question 4

can giant ionic structures conduct electricity in solid, molten, and solution and why

Answer 4

solid: cannot because the ions are fixed in their place and cannot carry the charge
molten: can conduct electricity because the ions are free to carry the electrical charge
solution: can conduct electricity because the ions are free to carry the electrical charge

Question 5

what are intermolecular forces?

Answer 5

the week force of attraction between the individual molecules in covalent structures

Question 6

why do simple molecules not conduct electricity

Answer 6

because they have no overall charge

Question 7

what are macromulecules

Answer 7

giant covalent structures

Question 8

explain the bonding in diamond

Answer 8

each carbon atom is bonded to 4 others forming a hard structure with a high melting point that is shiny and doesn’t conduct electricity

Question 9

explain why graphite is soft and conducts electricity

Answer 9

in graphite only each carbon atom is bonded to 3 others, this forms a delocalized sea of electrons, and because of graphite hexagonal structure, they can move across the graphite making it conduct electricity since it can carry the charge.

Question 10

what is fullerenes

Answer 10

carbon molecules that form a cage-like structure

Question 11

what is an alloy

Answer 11

alloys are usually a mixture of two or more elements at least one of them has to be a metal

Question 12

why isn’t a metal deformed

Answer 12

because of the delocalized electrons that can move around the metal and hold it in place even after it’s been struck

Question 13

what are shape memory alloys

Answer 13

are metals that turn back to their original shape automatically once heated

Question 14

nanoscience is?

Answer 14

1 x 10^-9

Question 15

nanoscience uses?

Answer 15

1. in cosmetics
2. in treating cancer by gold which absolves the heat that’s applied to kill the tumor
3. in cleaning glass using titanium oxide where a reaction happens whenever the sun is shined on it cleaning the glass

Question 16

nanoscience risk?

Answer 16

its has a large surface area so it can cause sparks, and it would do a lot of damage if it found its way to our lungs