Rickettsia, Chlamydia

Question 1

Rickettsia and Chlamydia are gram __ bacteria

Answer 1

(-)

Question 2

Rickettsia are transmitted by:

Answer 2

arthropod vectors (like mice)

Question 3

What are the symptoms of Rickettsia?

Answer 3

local damage to blood v.v., inflammation (vasculitis), extravasated RBC’s

Question 4

R. Rickettsia, after engulfment:

Answer 4

degrades the phagosome (with phospholipase A)

Question 5

R. Coxiella, after engulfment:

Answer 5

remains in phagolysosome (likes acidic environment)

Question 6

R. Ehrlichia, after engulfment:

Answer 6

remains in vacuole (phagosome), like TB

*doesn’t fuse with lysosome

Question 7

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is a __-borne infection.

Answer 7

tick

Question 8

For intracellular diseases, what drugs do we use?

Answer 8

Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol

Question 9

What are the diagnosis methods for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

Answer 9

MIF, DIF, and PCR

first two are antibody tests

Question 10

Weil-Felix Test with Protease OX19 is associated with:

Answer 10

R. Rickettsia (it was a form of identifying the disease using WW2) *clumping = +

Question 11

Number 1 bacterial STD?

Answer 11

Chlamydia

Question 12

Number 1 microbial STD?

Answer 12

HPV

Question 13

Rickettsia has tropism for:

Answer 13

vascular endothelial cells

Question 14

Chlamydia has tropism for:

Answer 14

columnar epithelial cells lining mucous membranes

Question 15

Chlamydia is ___, which means it has two forms.

Answer 15

dimorphic

Question 16

Both Rickettsia and Chlamydia are obligate:

Answer 16

intracellular parasites

Question 17

Growth of Chlamydia is inhibited by what drugs?

Answer 17

Tetracylines and Erythromycin

Quinolones

Question 18

The infectious particle of Chlamydia is called the:

Answer 18

elementary body

Question 19

The important particle in Chlamydia for reproduction is called:

Answer 19

reticular body

Question 20

How does chlamydia avoid being killed by enzymes and lysosomes?

Answer 20

Because the phagocytic vesicle inhibits fusion with the lysosome
* Chlamydia can be killed if they are coated with antibodies; if they are, then the vesicle fuses with the lysosome so the lysosomal enzymes kill it

Question 21

Discuss the growth cycle of C. trachomatis.

Answer 21

Elementary body is engulfed by columnar epithelial cell. Then, the elementary body divides a bunch and becomes reticulate bodies. The vesicle containing the EB and RB’s exit the cell via reverse endocytosis and go on to infect other cells.

Question 22

Extracellular survival is a function of what form of chlamydia?

Answer 22

Elementary body (infectious particle)

Question 23

What allows us to see inclusion bodies?

Answer 23

Iodine

Question 24

What are the two types of antigens for Chlamydia?

Answer 24

Group and Specific antigens

Question 25

Discuss group vs specific antigens.

Answer 25

``` Group = shared by all (heat stable, lipopolysaccharides) Specific = outer membrane proteins ```

Question 26

List some general things about "Clam"ydia.

Answer 26

Trick: CLAMS have two shells! - Chlamydia has two antibody types (group & specific) - Chlamydia is dimorphic (two forms - reticular body and elementary body) - We have two eyes - Chlamydia can cause eye problem s (specifically Trachoma)

Question 27

One of the leading causes of blindness is caused by Chlamydia - what is it?

Answer 27

Ocular Trachomatis

Question 28

Serovars A, B, Ba, and C infect:

Answer 28

conjunctiva (primarily)

Question 29

Serovars D-K infect:

Answer 29

urogenital tract (like the DicK)

Question 30

Serovars L1, L2, L2a, L3 infect:

Answer 30

Inguinal lymph nodes (can cause LGV)

Question 31

Ancient eye disease?

Answer 31

Trachoma

Question 32

50% of GC patients are co-infected with:

Answer 32

Chlamydia Trachomatis

Question 33

What is lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)?

Answer 33

- STD characterized by suppurative inguinal adenitis - Regional lymph nodes are enlarged and painful - Can lead to elephantiasis of penis or vulva

Question 34

Treatment for LGV?

Answer 34

Cipro- (quinolones), Macrolides, Tetra-, Sulfonamides, Erythromycin