Flu

Question 1

There are __ HA and __ NA classes

Answer 1

17 HA

10 NA

Question 2

Each segment codes for:

Answer 2

one or two proteins

Question 3

There is a helical capsid present for:

Answer 3

each RNA segment (so 8 total)

Question 4

Molecule that mediates binding and entry into the cell

Answer 4

HA (Hemagglutinin)

Question 5

HA binds to ___ modifications to proteins into the cells

Answer 5

sialic acid

Question 6

Is used for getting out of cells.

Answer 6

NA (Neuraminidase)

Question 7

Is used after the entry to allow release of the virus into the cell.

Answer 7

Ion channel (M2)

Question 8

NA and HA are used in ___ flu to classify them

Answer 8

Type A

Question 9

Type of flu that is the one that causes the pandemics every year and we are worried about

Answer 9

Type A

Question 10

Antigenic Shift =

Answer 10

Type A and B

Question 11

Antigenic Drift =

Answer 11

Type A, B, C

Question 12

__ causes non-epidemic seasonal flu.

Answer 12

Type B

Question 13

Type of flu that doesn’t infect humans.

Answer 13

Type C

Question 14

Influenza enters our cells via:

Answer 14

endosome

Question 15

What does the drug Amantadine do and why isn’t it used anymore?

Answer 15

Disables M2 protein so that viral uncoating can’t occur
*virus developed resistance to it
(aMan, M2)

Question 16

What do NA inhibitors do and what are two examples of them?

Answer 16

Inhibit release of virions and promote clumping!

*Tamiflu (oseltamivir) and Relenza (zanamivir)

Question 17

Tamiflu is also called:

Answer 17

oseltamivir (oral!)

“Tami “Too”

Question 18

Relenza is also called:

Answer 18

zanamivir (inhaled)

Question 19

__ cleaves the sialic acid off the surface of the cell during virus production allowing the viruses to be released, otherwise they would just be stuck like velcro

Answer 19

NA

Question 20

Type __ viruses are sub-typed by the HA and NA proteins

Answer 20

A

Question 21

Hemagglutinates red blood cells

Answer 21

HA

Question 22

Antigenic ___ is what makes new strains each season

Answer 22

drift (small mutations!)

Question 23

Viremia is present in:

Answer 23

severe pandemic flu, not in seasonal flu

Question 24

Flu viruses infect ____ in lower respiratory tract.

Answer 24

columnar epithelial cells

causes the tracheal mucosal epithelium to lose ciliary cells!!

Question 25

What triggers the interferon response in influenza?

Answer 25

when the dsRNA forms

Question 26

Vaccine approved for use in healthy people and those who are allergic to eggs.

Answer 26

LAIV (FluMist) | *not to pregnant people, good for kids, nasal spray

Question 27

What are the highly conserved portions of the influenza virus that they are trying to make a permanent vaccine for?

Answer 27

- internal viral proteins matrix 1 - nucleoprotein * generates T cell immunity rather than antibody response