Rio case study Flashcards
(33 cards)
Regional importance of Rio
It is a major area in Brazil for schools and businesses (It has lots of them)
National importance of Rio
It contributes to 5% of Brazil’s GDP
It is a major port city for Brazil and has one of the largest economies in the country
International importance of Rio
It is an international hub for finance and manufacturing
It is home to one of the seven wonders of the world so is a major tourist destination
It hosted the 2014 world cup and the 2016 Olympics
What are the causes of Rio’s growth
NATURAL INCREASE- Rio has a youthful population partly due to migrants and so, there is a very high birth rate
MIGRATION- Job opportunities due to the many businesses in Rio as well as the schools and other facilities attract migrants from other parts of Brazil and South America
How can you group the SOCIAL opportunities created by Rio’s growth
ACCESS TO RESOURCES
ACCESS TO SERVICES
Why does Rio’s growth create opportunities
As Rio’s POPULATION grows and it becomes a more IMPORTANT city in Brazil, it has benefited from comparatively higher levels of investment tan other regions -especially rural areas- in Brazil
How has Rio’s growth meant better access to water supply
The country as seen 7 NEW WATER TREATMENT PLANTS built as it prepared for the 2014 world cup and the 2016 Olympics IMPORTANCE
The high POPULATION has also led to a greater demand for drinking water and water for hydoelectricity so there have been investments in improving water supply
How has Rio’s growth meant better access to energy and electricity
The increasing demand from the high POPULATION for energy led to the construction of the SIMPLICIO HYDROELECTRIC COMPLEX which increased electricity supply by 30%
How has Rio’s growth meant better access to healthcare
Rio has seen significant investment in healthcare services compared to rural areas in Brazil to cater for its HIGH POPULATION.
FAMILY HEALTH TEAMS were introduced to bring treatment and vaccines straight to people’s homes
How has Rio’s growth meant better access to education
Rio receives greater investment and funding for schools compared to other parts of Brazil due to its HIGH POPULATION. It has 400 SECONDARY SCHOOLS and 6 UNIVERSITIES and many children are offered SCHOOL GRANTS.
Its LITERACY RATE IS HIGHER THAN THE NATIONAL AVERAGE
Why has Rio experienced economic development
It has GROWN rapidly into an URBAN INDUSTRIAL AREA
How has Rio’s growth caused economic development
MIGRANTS
OFF-SHORE OIL DISCOVERIES
INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE
is this enough?
How have Rio’s MIGRANTS caused economic development
They provide the city with a large and DIVERSELY SKILLED workforce which as attracted business.
They drive Rio’s tertiary and manufacturing sectors and businesses bring in tax revenue and so do jobs.
They also create a rich CULTURAL HERITAGE in the city which attracts tourist and fuel its tourist industry
How have Rio’s OFF-SHORE OIL DISCOVERIES caused economic development
This has given rise to oil-related industries such as refineries and extraction industries. These provide jobs and stable incomes bring in tax revenue.
How has Rio’s INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE caused economic development
Because Rio holds one of the SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD, it attracts many tourists. This fuels its tourist industry
How can you group the challenges created by Rio’s growth
ACCESS TO RESOURCES + SANITATION
ACCESS TO SERVICES
MANAGING GROWTH (INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS)
CRIME,UNEMPLOYMENT,ENVIRONMENTAL
How has Rio’s growth caused problems with access to water supply
POPULATION GROWTH means that it is hard to supply water to all Rio’s residents. It has also led to the creation of FAVELAS which are difficult to connect to the main water supply as they are informal settlements. Illegal connections from favela residents also disrupt the water supply
Therefore, 12% OF THE POPULATION LACK ACCESS TO CLEAN RUNNING AND DRINKING WATER
How has Rio’s growth caused problems with access to electricity and energy
Rio’s HIGH POPULATION places a heavy load on the electricity supply. FAVELAS, especially, which are DENSELY POPULATED, experience frequent power cuts.
Favelas are also hard to connect to the main electricity supply so access is difficult
-Disrupts schools, businesses e.t.c.
How has Rio’s growth caused problems with sanitation
Rio’s infrastructure struggles to provide sufficient waste and sewage disposal systems for the LARGE POPULATION. During rainy seasons, the system is overwhelmed and sewage overflows unto streets.
FAVELAS also increase the sanitation problem as they are informal settlements. They cannot be easily connected to the sewage system so for e.g. in ROCINHA, there are open sewers. They also have narrow and unpaved roads so refuse collection is difficult
How has Rio’s growth caused problems with access to education
Rio’s growth has LED to the EXISTENCE OF FAVELAS.
The high rates of unemployment in favelas and poor policing mean that there are high crime rates which cause frequent school closures and disruptions.
Many favelas also lack facilities like schools so children have to travel long distances to get to a school. This discourages parents from sending them to school.
ONLY HALF OF CHILDREN CONTINUE EDUCATION PAST 14
How has Rio’s growth caused problems with access to healthcare
Rio’s HIGH POPULATION is difficult and expensive to provide healthcare for
Favelas also have limited healthcare facilities as they are INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS. The narrow and unpaved roads also make them inaccessible to emergency health services
How has Rio’s growth caused problems with crime
Rio’s population growth has led to the existence of favelas. There are high levels of unemployment in favelas so crime rates are high. Favelas are also INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS so there is poor policing. Because of this, criminal gangs commonly run favelas- affects tourism
How has Rio’s growth cause problems with unemployment
Rio’s high population means there are not enough jobs and so, high levels of unemployment. There is also a lack of formal employment and 3.5 MILLION PEOPLE WORK IN THE INFORMAL SECTOR.
They generate no tax and have no benefits, insurance or worker rights
Rio’s growth causing problems with managing growth
Growth has been difficult to manage in Rio and this has led to the creation of FAVELAS by many of the city’s poorer residents.
FAVELAS are informal settlements built by the urban poor in Rio
