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Geography > Rio De Janeiro > Flashcards

Rio De Janeiro Flashcards

1
Q

urbanisation

A

the increasing proportion of the population that lives in cities

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2
Q

cities grow in…

A

coastal areas
economically developed countries
heavily migrated areas

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3
Q

rural to urban migration

A

the movement of people from the countryside to towns and cities

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4
Q

natural increase

A

when the birth rate is higher than the death rate
mainly found in NEEs and LICs

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5
Q

natural decrease

A

when the death rate is higher than the birth rate

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6
Q

push factors of rural areas:

A

difficulty in rural farming
desertification and soil erosion creates difficulty in farming
droughts and over climate hazards reduce crop yields
few doctors and hospitals in rural areas
rural areas are isolated due to poor roads

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7
Q

pull factors of cities:

A

ranges of entertainment
well paid jobs
higher standards of living
friends and families may already live in cities
better chances of higher quality education
better public transport

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8
Q

the percentage of the population that lives in cities

A

82%

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9
Q

megacity

A

cities with a population of over 10 million

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10
Q

causes of growth in urbanisation

A

natural increase and migration

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11
Q

population of rio

A

13.45 million

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12
Q

rio’s international significance

A

it is a major port. The main exports are coffee, sugar, and iron ore
The main service industries are banking, finance, and insurance
the city has 3 airports

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13
Q

rio’s national significance

A

the unemployment rate in rio has declined in the past few years
it is the cultural capital of brazil with over 50 museums and its famous carnival.

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14
Q

rio’s regional significance

A

The statue Christ The Redeemer is one of the 7 New Wonders of the World
Stunning natural surroundings and amazing beaches

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15
Q

social challenge

A

a challenge that causes an issue on day-to-day life styles

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16
Q

formal economy

A

an organised system of employment with clear written rules of recruitment, agreement and responsibilities.

17
Q

informal economy

A

an economy not known to the government

18
Q

examples of jobs in informal economies…

A

street vendors
taxi drivers

19
Q

Favela

A

an illegal settlement where people build houses on land they do not own
they are common in places of great social deprivation

20
Q

reasons for favelas

A

people leave the Amazonia and drought-filled hit areas in the north-east of Brazil. They want to find a better life in the city

21
Q

rocinha

A

largest favela settlement in rio
also described as ‘shanty town’

22
Q

stakeholder

A

a person or group of people affected by an issue

23
Q

difficulty in managing environmental issues in rio

A

as the population increases, so does supply and demand resulting in the overworked economy unable to handle both population growth and environmental issues

rios cars have a lifespan of ten years, which increases the amount of waste rio produces. Cars also create carbon emissions which cause global warming

the lack of public transport results in people using cars which creates carbon emissions

irreversible changes such as population growth and the rise in climate make it more difficult to manage the environment

24
Q

biggest push factors for rochina

A

inadequate income
large household size
dense population

25
Q

biggest pull factors for rochina

A

job opportunities
medication
education

26
Q

favela bairro project

A

started in 1980s
aimed to improve favelas and services in them
involved 253,000 residents in 73 communities
$1 billion were spent

27
Q

strategies in the favela bairro project

A

widened pavements - prevents crime
addition of UPPs - prevents crime
improvement of housing - better quality of life
addition of cable car - improved transportation
better water and electricity supplies - better quality of life
improved lesuire facilities - better quality of life

28
Q

some failures in the favela bairro project

A

values of housing increased resulting in the eviction of poorer residents
$1 billion is not enough to cover all 1000 favelas in rio

29
Q

social opportunities in rio

A

good transportation
relatively decent education
free healthcare
job opportunities

30
Q

economic opportunities in rio

A

high population (13.45 million)
improved state of favelas due to the favela bairro project
lots of tourism

31
Q

social challenges in rio

A

water shortages in most parts of rio
20% of the population lives in favelas
in 2013, only 55% of the city has local access to healthcare
favelas still exist
drug empires

32
Q

economic challenges of rio

A

lots of crime
tax
unemployment
increased value of houses due to the failures of the favela bairro project
traffic congestion

Geography (12 decks)

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