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US History KMCH > Rise of Industrialization > Flashcards

Rise of Industrialization Flashcards

1
Q

Homestead Act

A

1862 Act that granted Americans land for a small fee and accelerated settlement of the American West

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2
Q

Transcontinental Railroad

A

Continuous railroad line that connected the Eastern US and the West and reduced travel and shipping costs. Constructed between 1863 and 1869.

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3
Q

Yellow Fever

A

1878 epidemic that resulted in 5000 fatalities and an economic crisis in Memphis

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4
Q

Compromise of 1877

A

Unwritten deal that settled the 1876 presidential election and ended Reconstruction. Gave Republican Rutherford B. Hayes the presidency in exchange for removing troops from the South.

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5
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the South from the end of Reconstruction to 1965

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6
Q

Benjamin Pap Singleton

A

African American activist and leader of the “Exodusters”

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7
Q

Exodusters

A

Group of 50,000 African American freedmen who migrate from the South to Kansas in 1879 to escape poverty and racial violence

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8
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson

A

1896 landmark US Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation. Established the “separate but equal” doctrine.

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9
Q

Gilded Age

A

Era of rapid economic growth and industrialization from the 1870s to about 1900.

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10
Q

Boss Tweed

A

Gilded Age American politician and leader of the Democratic Party political machine, Tammany Hall. Later convicted of corruption and embezzlement.

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11
Q

Thomas Nast

A

Gilded Age political cartoonist, known as the “Father of the American Cartoon”, who often criticized “Boss” Tweed and the Tammany Hall political machine.

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12
Q

Spoils Sytem

A

When a political party gives government jobs to its supporters, friends, and relatives.

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13
Q

Pendleton Act

A

1883 federal law that mandated federal government positions should be awarded based on merit, instead of the spoils system.

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14
Q

Interstate Commerce Act

A

1887 federal law designed to regulate the railroad industry against unfair and unreasonable pricing. Made the railroad industry the first to be federally regulated.

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15
Q

Alexander Graham Bell

A

Credited with inventing and patenting the first telephone and co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885.

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16
Q

Henry Bessemer

A

English inventor and creator of the Bessemer Process which made creating steel cheaper.

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17
Q

Andrew Carnegie

A

Creator of US Steel and became one of the richest Americans in history. Wrote the “Gospel of Wealth” that called on the rich to use their wealth to improve society.

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18
Q

Thomas Edison

A

American inventor of the lightbulb, phonograph, and motion picture camera who established the first research lab

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19
Q

JP Morgan

A

American banker and financier who dominated Wall Street finance during the Gilded Age

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20
Q

John D. Rockefeller

A

American businessman and philanthropist who founded the Standard Oil Company. Widely considered the wealthiest American of all time.

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21
Q

Nikola Tesla

A

Inventor best known for his design of the alternating current (AC) electricity supply system that delivers electric power homes and businesses

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22
Q

Cornelius Vanderbilt

A

American businessman who ruled the railroads and shipping industry. Founded Vanderbilt University in Nashville.

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23
Q

Madam CJ Walker

A

African-American businesswoman and philanthropist who became the first female self-made millionaire in America.

24
Q

Push Factors

A

Negative aspects of a place that lead people to decide to leave that place

25
Q

Pull Factors

A

Positive aspects of a different place that encourages people to go that place

26
Q

Nativism

A

Political policy that promotes the interests of “native” inhabitants against the interest of immigrants

27
Q

Chinese Exclusion Act

A

1882 federal law that prohibited all immigration of Chinese laborers

28
Q

Ellis Island

A

Federally-owned island in New York Harbor that was the main entry point for many immigrants to America

29
Q

1862 Act that granted Americans land for a small fee and accelerated settlement of the American West

A

Homestead Act

30
Q

Continuous railroad line that connected the Eastern US and the West and reduced travel and shipping costs. Constructed between 1863 and 1869.

A

Transcontinental Railroad

31
Q

1878 epidemic that resulted in 5000 fatalities and an economic crisis in Memphis

A

Yellow Fever

32
Q

Unwritten deal that settled the 1876 presidential election and ended Reconstruction. Gave Republican Rutherford B. Hayes the presidency in exchange for removing troops from the South.

A

Compromise of 1877

33
Q

State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the South from the end of Reconstruction to 1965

A

Jim Crow Laws

34
Q

African American activist and leader of the “Exodusters”

A

Benjamin Pap Singleton

35
Q

Group of 50,000 African American freedmen who migrate from the South to Kansas in 1879 to escape poverty and racial violence

A

Exodusters

36
Q

1896 landmark US Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation. Established the “separate but equal” doctrine.

A

Plessy v. Ferguson

37
Q

Era of rapid economic growth and industrialization from the 1870s to about 1900.

A

Gilded Age

38
Q

Gilded Age American politician and leader of the Democratic Party political machine, Tammany Hall. Later convicted of corruption and embezzlement.

A

Boss Tweed

39
Q

Gilded Age political cartoonist, known as the “Father of the American Cartoon”, who often criticized “Boss” Tweed and the Tammany Hall political machine.

A

Thomas Nast

40
Q

When a political party gives government jobs to its supporters, friends, and relatives.

A

Spoils Sytem

41
Q

1883 federal law that mandated federal government positions should be awarded based on merit, instead of the spoils system.

A

Pendleton Act

42
Q

1887 federal law designed to regulate the railroad industry against unfair and unreasonable pricing. Made the railroad industry the first to be federally regulated.

A

Interstate Commerce Act

43
Q

Credited with inventing and patenting the first telephone and co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885.

A

Alexander Graham Bell

44
Q

English inventor and creator of the Bessemer Process which made creating steel cheaper.

A

Henry Bessemer

45
Q

Creator of US Steel and became one of the richest Americans in history. Wrote the “Gospel of Wealth” that called on the rich to use their wealth to improve society.

A

Andrew Carnegie

46
Q

American inventor of the lightbulb, phonograph, and motion picture camera who established the first research lab

A

Thomas Edison

47
Q

American banker and financier who dominated Wall Street finance during the Gilded Age

A

JP Morgan

48
Q

American businessman and philanthropist who founded the Standard Oil Company. Widely considered the wealthiest American of all time.

A

John D. Rockefeller

49
Q

Inventor best known for his design of the alternating current (AC) electricity supply system that delivers electric power homes and businesses

A

Nikola Tesla

50
Q

American businessman who ruled the railroads and shipping industry. Founded Vanderbilt University in Nashville.

A

Cornelius Vanderbilt

51
Q

African-American businesswoman and philanthropist who became the first female self-made millionaire in America.

A

Madam CJ Walker

52
Q

Negative aspects of a place that lead people to decide to leave that place

A

Push Factors

53
Q

Positive aspects of a different place that encourages people to go that place

A

Pull Factors

54
Q

Political policy that promotes the interests of “native” inhabitants against the interest of immigrants

A

Nativism

55
Q

1882 federal law that prohibited all immigration of Chinese laborers

A

Chinese Exclusion Act

56
Q

Federally-owned island in New York Harbor that was the main entry point for many immigrants to America

A

Ellis Island

US History KMCH (9 decks)

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