RLE: Mobility & Activity Flashcards by Desiree Panghulan

the efficient use of the body as a machine, and as a means of locomotion, it is directly related to the function of bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and brain to maintain posture balance

body mechanics

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

body mechanics coordinates effort of the ??? and ??? system to maintain balance, posture, and body alignment during lifting, moving, positioning, and performing activities of daily living

musculoskeletal and nervous

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

facing the direction of movement prevents ?

abnormal twisting of the spine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

dividing balanced activity between ??? and ??? reduces the risk of back injury

arms & legs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

requires less work than lifting

rolling and turning

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

when ??? reduced between object to be moved and the surface, it reduces ??? required to move it

frictions;
force

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

reducing the force of work, reduces the ???

risk of injury

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

maintaining good body mechanics reduces ??? of the muscle groups

fatigue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

alternating periods of ??? and ??? helps reduce fatigue

rest & activity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

principles of good body mechanics (4)

maintain:

stable center of gravity
wide base of support
line of gravity
proper body alignment

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

refers to how the head, shoulders, spine, hips, knees and ankles relate and line up with each other

alignment

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

puts less stress on the spine and helps you have good posture

proper alignment of the body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

defined as the ability to move freely, easily, rhythmically, and purposefully in the environment

mobility

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

state of not being able to move around

immobility

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

factors affecting mobility (5)

age
energy level
lifestyle
fear & pain
disability

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how age affects mobility

as people grow older, they slow down

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how energy level affects mobility

varies among individuals, they demonstrate different energy levels at different times

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how lifestyle affects mobility

some people participate in physical activity regularly in an effort to maintain/improve health

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how fear and pain affects mobility

can limit mobility;

post op pt. may be reluctant to move for fear of opening the incision

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

it is a persistent mental or physical weakness that prevents a person from carrying out normal activities of life

disability

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pneumonia that usually results from the collection of fluid in the dorsal region of the lungs

hypostatic pneumonia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a substance that has traveled from elsewhere in the body through the blodstream

pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

refers to rigid body movements and chronic abnormal positions of the body

abnormal posturing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a curving of the spine that causes a bowing or rounding of the back, which leads to a hunchback or slouching posture

kyphosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

inward curvature of the lumbar/ cervical spins

lordosis

lateral curving of the spine

scoliosis

lordosis is also called ?

the pride of pregnancy

those in which a joint is moved through its full range of motion according to its capacity

ROM exercises

2 types of ROM exercises

active passive

ROM exercises done by patient himself

active

ROM exercises done with help of assistant from another person

passive

ROMe increase muscle ??? and ???

strength and endurance

ROMe maintain ??? ??? function

normal physiological

ROMe prevent ??? caused by ???? like contractures

complications, immobility

ROMe improve patient ??? in ADLs

participation

ROMe improve ??? activities and increase ??? flexibility

physical activities; joint flexibility

movement in the coronal plane that moves a limb laterally away from the body e.g- spreading of the fingers

Abduction

downward (inferior) motion of the scapula or mandible

Depression

foot movement involving the intertarsal joints of the foot in which the bottom of the foot is turned laterally, away from the midline

Eversion

excessive extension of joint, beyond the normal range of movement

Hyperextension

foot movement involving the intertarsal joints of the foot in which the bottom of the foot is turned toward the midline

Inversion

movement of the arm at the shoulder joint or the thigh at the hip joint that moves the anterior surface of the limb away from the midline of the body

Lateral (external) rotation

movement of the arm at the shoulder joint or the thigh at the hip joint that moves the anterior surface of the limb away from the midline of the body

Lateral (external) rotation

forearm motion that moves the palm of the hand from the palm forward to the palm backward position

Pronation

posterior motion of the scapula or mandible

Retraction

movement of the scapula during upper limb abduction in which the glenoid cavity of the scapula moves in an upward direction as the medial end of the scapular spine moves in a downward direction

Superior rotation

forearm position in which the palm faces anteriorly (anatomical position)

Supinated position

movement in the coronal plane that moves a limb medially toward or across the midline of the body e.g-bringing fingers together

Adduction

circular motion of the arm, thigh, hand, thumb, or finger that is produced by the sequential combination of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction

Circumduction

movement at the ankle that brings the top of the foot toward the anterior leg

Dorsiflexion

upward (superior) motion of the scapula or mandible

Elevation

movement in the sagittal plane that increases the angle of a joint (straightens the joint); motion involving posterior bending of the vertebral column or returning to the upright position from a flexed position

Extension

movement in the sagittal plane that decreases the angle of a joint (bends the joint); motion involving anterior bending of the vertebral column

Flexion

excessive flexion of joint, beyond the normal range of moveme

Hyper flexion

movement of the scapula during upper limb adduction in which the glenoid cavity of the scapula moves in a downward direction as the medial end of the scapular spine moves in an upward direction

Inferior rotation

side-to-side movement of the mandible away from the midline, toward either the right or left side

Lateral excursion

bending of the neck or body toward the right or left side

Lateral flexion

side-to-side movement that returns the mandible to the midline

Medial excursion

movement of the arm at the shoulder joint or the thigh at the hip joint that brings the anterior surface of the limb toward the midline of the body

Medial (internal) rotation

side-to-side movement that returns the mandible to the midline

Medial excursion

movement of the arm at the shoulder joint or the thigh at the hip joint that brings the anterior surface of the limb toward the midline of the body

Medial (internal) rotation

anterior motion of the scapula or mandible

Protraction

movement of the thumb from opposition back to the anatomical position (next to index finger)

Reposition

movement of a bone around a central axis (atlantoaxial joint) or around its long axis (proximal radioulnar joint; shoulder or hip joint); twisting of the vertebral column resulting from the summation of small motions between adjacent vertebrae

Rotation

passive ROMe should be done only on patient who are?

are unable to do it on their own

Passive ROMe should be done to the point of ?

slight resistance

never do ROM exercises beyond capacity of individual that is to the point of?

discomfort

in ROMe, expect what in RR?

increased RR during exercise which return to resting level within 3 mins

if muscle spasticity occur during movement...

stop movement temporarily, continue to apply slow gentle pressure on part until muscle relaxes, proceed with ROMe

preprocedural steps (ROM) remove and provide what? cover the pt with ???, assist in assuming a ??? position E, W, P expose only the area that is?

remove all tight clothes; provide loose clothes/hospi gown sheet; supine explain purpose, wash hands, provide privacy being exercised

intra-procedural steps (ROM)

start providing ROM from head to downward

post procedural steps (ROM)

wash hands make pt. comfortable record procedure

exercises for weak patients after prolonged inactivity require physical conditioning before they can ambulate again. These include exercises of lower limbs, upper limbs and dangling at bed side

muscle strengthening exercises

purposes of muscle strengthening exercises: * To the prepare patient for ??? * To re-establish their previous ability to ??? * To promote ???

ambulation; walk; muscle strength and tone

covers front and side of the thigh. Together they aid in extending the leg. Exercising these muscles enable the patient to stand and support their body weight.

Quadriceps muscles

Tighten the quadriceps muscles by ???

flattening the back of the knees into the mattress

if it's difficult to tighten quadriceps muscle then

put a pillow under knee/heel; hold contracted position (5 secs); relax repeat

that strengths and tones the gluteal muscles. It includes contracting and relaxing the gluteal muscles. These are easily performed in bed or chair.

Isometric exercises

Tighten the gluteal muscles by ?

pinching the cheeks of buttocks together

For strengthening lower legs after knee or hip replacement surgeries

Straight leg exercises

Tighten the thigh muscle with knee ??? in the bed or in sitting.

straightened; lift leg several inches

Patient using walker, cane, or crutches. It includes: Flexion, extension of arms and wrists. Raising and lowering the wrist with hand. Squeezing a ball or spring grip or make a fist. Modified hand pushups in bed. Performed in several ways depending on patient age and condition. While in patient bed patient may lift hips off the bed by pushing down on mattress with hands.

upper arm strengthening

Helps to normalize blood pressure due to orthostatic hypotension.

dangling

refers to a person’s routine of exercise, activity, leisure, and recreation.

activity-exercise pattern

For most people, ??? depends on a sense of independence and a feeling of usefulness or being needed.

self-esteem

an imaginary vertical line drawn through the body’s center of gravity

line of gravity

the point at which all of the body’s mass is centered

center of gravity

the foundation on which the body rests

base of support

is the term used to describe awareness of posture, movement, and changes in equilibrium and the knowledge of position, weight, and resistance of objects in relation to the body.

Proprioception

is a condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile due to calcium depletion.

Osteoporosis

is another goal of exercise, and is defined as the ability of the body to perform work

Functional strength

is the type and amount of exercise or ADLs an individual is able to perform without experiencing adverse effects

Activity tolerance

With strenuous exercise, muscles ??? (enlarge), and the efficiency of muscular contraction increases

hypertrophy

are those in which the muscle shortens to produce muscle contraction and active movement. Most physical conditioning exercises—running, walking, swimming, cycling, and other such activities

Isotonic (dynamic) exercises

exercises are those in which muscle contraction occurs without moving the joint (muscle length does not change). These exercises involve exerting pressure against a solid object and are useful for strengthening abdominal, gluteal, and quadriceps muscles used in ambulation; for maintaining strength in immobilized muscles in casts or traction; and for endurance training.

Isometric (static or setting)

involve muscle contraction or tension against resistance

Isokinetic (resistive) exercises

is activity during which the amount of oxygen taken into the body is greater than that used to perform the activity.

Aerobic exercise

involves activity in which the muscles cannot draw out enough oxygen from the bloodstream, and anaerobic pathways are used to provide additional energy for a short time.

Anaerobic exercise

RLE: Mobility & Activity Flashcards

(99 cards)