RM Flashcards
What is the hcpc
regulatory body that exists to monitor healthcare professions including psychologists
HCPC- character
Credible character references for people who have known them for at least 3 years. Includes any criminal cautions or convictions.
HCPC- Health
information about their general health every 2 years when they re register, required to provide info on health issues which may affect ability to practise
HCPC- standards of proficiency
Ability to practice effectively- professional accountability and autonomy, formulation and delivery of plans to meet patients’ needs. Skills must be demonstrated in practice. Specific requirements for forensic, clinical psychologists etc
HCPC- standards of conduct, performance, ethics
14 guidelines that must be adhered to. Includes confidentiality, acting in limits of skills, referring to others when necessary
HCPC- standards for continuing professional development
Take part in a documenting regular training to develop their own practice. Important for practitioners to keep up to date with trends in clinical practice
HCPC- standards of education and training
minimum levels of qualifications required to practice. Practitioner psychologists- Masters with BPS qual, Doctorate for clinical psychologists.
HCPC- standards for prescribing
Sets out safe practice for prescribing medication. Required knowledge and training for prescribing
What is primary data?
Data researchers gather themselves directly from a group of participants
What is secondary data?
Data relying on evidence gathered by other researchers by accessing other peer-reviewed articles or public access stats
primary data + and -
+accurate and up to date info, relevant to research objectives
-Expensive, time consuming, may face ethical considerations limiting research
secondary data + and -
+Cheap, quick, primary researcher may have more resources to conduct rigorous data collection
-No control over data collection process, cannot refine questions, measures or procedures
Longitudinal studies
Takes place over a long period, involves comparing a single sample group with their own performance over -time based developments can be seen. Symptoms measured over time in clinical studies, can show effectiveness of a treatment.
Longitudinal studies + and -
+Allow comparisons to be made
+Only way to reliably measure effect of time on behaviour
-Long- can lead to atrition
-By the time meaningful data can be used to draw conclusions, the data may be irrelevant
Cross sectional studies
‘Snapshot’ of behaviour, used instead of longitudinal. Large sample.
Example: To know about the experience of Sz at different ages, using participants at different ages at the same time and investigate them rather than studying one group over time
Cross sectional studies + and -
+relatively cheap and less time-consuming than other types of research
+allow you to collect data from a large pool of subjects and compare differences between groups.
-Cannot be used to analyse behaviour over a period to time.
-Does not help determine cause and effect.
-The timing of the snapshot is not guaranteed to be representative.
Cross-cultural methods
Involves taking samples from different cultural groups to draw comparisons about the similarities and differences between them, and how culture impacts the behaviour.
In clinical- if treatments are effective in different cultural groups , if symptoms are same in different cultures
Cross-cultural methods + and -
+Allows researchers to gain understanding of how culture plays a role in validity and reliability of diagnoses
+Identify elements of abnormal behaviour that is purely biological
+Reduces ethnocentrism, improves generalisability of research
-A researcher is unlikely to know much about individual societies when comparing a lot of societies from different parts of the world.
Meta-analysis
Looking at secondary data from multiple studies collected by other researchers and drawing the findings together to make overall conclusions.
Conducted when there is a huge amount of research where firm conclusions cannot be drawn.
Meta-analysis + and -
+Conclusions can be drawn from a vast array of different areas/ huge sample very quickly and cheaply
+No ethical concerns associated with first-hand research
-Researchers not involved- undisclosed issues with r/v in methods used
-Publication bias- null effects not published- validity
Grounded theory
Glaser and Strauss- developing theory from research evidence. Focuses on qualitative research. Research is conducted to gather info about something of interest, theory emerges gradually from data as it is gathered and analysed.
Grounded theory + and -
+Evidence integrated into theory, therefore theory should have good validity.
- Researchers were biased in gathering or interpretation of data, theory is subjective and not grounded in evidence
- Selectively sampling data- researchers ‘forcing’ data to support emerging theory
- Long time to gather and analyse info. Takes a lot of skill to decide how data should be coded.
