RMDL

Question 1

Organic substance found in living systems that is insoluble in water but is soluble in organic solvents

Answer 1

C – Lipids

Question 2

What is the rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis?

Answer 2

B – Phosphofructokinase-1

Question 3

AKA Triglycerides

Answer 3

C – Fats

Question 4

In gluconeogenesis, pyruvate is first converted to:

Answer 4

B – Oxaloacetate

Question 5

Atmospheric oxygen reacts with unsaturated fatty acids of triglycerides and forms lipid peroxides

Answer 5

B – Rancidity

Question 6

Which glycolytic enzyme is irreversible and regulated?

Answer 6

C – Pyruvate kinase

Question 7

They contain sphingosine, fatty acid and sugar. The combination of sphingosine and fatty acid is called a ________.

Answer 7

C – Ceramide

Question 8

What is the main tissue where gluconeogenesis occurs?

Answer 8

B – Liver

Question 9

Classification of lipoproteins based on density

Answer 9

A – Chylomicrons

Question 10

What is the net ATP yield from glycolysis per glucose molecule?

Answer 10

C – 2

Question 11

Major vehicle for the transport of cholesterol from liver to extra hepatic tissues

Answer 11

C – LDL

Question 12

The Cori cycle connects which two tissues?

Answer 12

B – Muscle and Liver

Question 13

Secondary characteristic of females

Answer 13

B – Estrogen

Question 14

Which enzyme is involved in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis?

Answer 14

B – Enolase

Question 15

Pregnancy hormone

Answer 15

A – Progesterone

Question 16

What is the end product of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

Answer 16

B – Lactate

Question 17

Regulates blood pressure and volume by controlling the concentration of Na+ and K+ in body fluids

Answer 17

B – Aldosterone

Question 18

Deficiency of Vitamin ____ causes numerous neurological problems

Answer 18

C – Vitamin E

Question 19

Drugs stimulate β-oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria

Answer 19

B – Fibrates

Question 20

Vitamin B2 deficiency

Answer 20

E – Pellagra

Pellagra is B3 deficiency. Riboflavin (B2) deficiency causes cheilosis/glossitis.

Question 21

Deficiency of the enzyme beta β-galactosidase

Answer 21

D – Gaucher

Question 22

B-complex family that is used in lowering cholesterol level

Answer 22

C – B3

Question 23

Gemfibrozil is an example of

Answer 23

B – Fibric Acid Derivatives

Question 24

During fasting, the major source of blood glucose is:

Answer 24

B – Gluconeogenesis

Question 25

Which condition favors activation of glycogenolysis?

Answer 25

D – Glucagon release during fasting

Question 26

Sugar Classification: Glucose

Answer 26

Aldose

Question 27

Sugar Classification: Fructose

Answer 27

Ketose

Question 28

Sugar Classification: Maltose

Answer 28

Reducing sugar

Question 29

Sugar Classification: Lactose

Answer 29

Milk sugar

Question 30

Sugar Classification: Sucrose

Answer 30

Non-reducing sugar

Question 31

Biochemical Tests: Molisch Test

Answer 31

Purple colored ring

Question 32

Biochemical Tests: Benedict's Test

Answer 32

Brick red precipitate

Question 33

Biochemical Tests: Barfoed's Test

Answer 33

Scanty brick red precipitate

Question 34

Biochemical Tests: Seliwanoff's Test

Answer 34

Cherry red colored solution

Question 35

Biochemical Tests: Bial's Test

Answer 35

Bluish solution

Question 36

Biochemical Tests: Osazone (Glucose)

Answer 36

Needle shaped

Question 37

Biochemical Tests: Iodine (Amylose)

Answer 37

Deep blue colored solution

Question 38

Biochemical Tests: Iodine (Amylopectin)

Answer 38

Purple colored solution

Question 39

Biochemical Tests: Osazone (Lactose)

Answer 39

Hedgehog shaped

Question 40

Biochemical Tests: Osazone (Galactose)

Answer 40

Rhombic plates

Question 41

Pathways: Glucose to pyruvate/lactate

Answer 41

Glycolysis

Question 42

Pathways: Alternative oxidative pathway

Answer 42

Uronic Acid Pathway

Question 43

Pathways: Glycogen breakdown

Answer 43

Glycogenolysis

Question 44

Pathways: Glucose synthesis from non-carb

Answer 44

Gluconeogenesis

Question 45

Pathways: Glycogen synthesis from glucose

Answer 45

Glycogenesis

Question 46

Saccharides: Glucose β-1,4 linkages

Answer 46

Cellulose

Question 47

Saccharides: Glucose α-1,6 linkage

Answer 47

Isomaltose

Question 48

Saccharides: Highly branched glucose units

Answer 48

Dextran

Question 49

Saccharides: D-fructose β-1,2 linkage

Answer 49

Inulin

Question 50

Saccharides: N-acetylglucosamine β-1,4

Answer 50

Chitin

Question 51

Glycogen Storage Diseases: Von Gierke’s disease

Answer 51

Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency

Question 52

Glycogen Storage Diseases: McArdle’s disease

Answer 52

Muscle phosphorylase deficiency

Question 53

Glycogen Storage Diseases: Andersen’s disease

Answer 53

Branching enzyme deficiency

Question 54

Glycogen Storage Diseases: Pompe’s disease

Answer 54

Acid maltase deficiency

Question 55

Glycogen Storage Diseases: Cori’s disease

Answer 55

Debranching enzyme deficiency

Question 56

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)?

Answer 56

Beri-beri, Wernicke's encephalopathy

Question 57

What coenzyme is associated with Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?

Answer 57

FAD

Question 58

What are the deficiencies associated with Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?

Answer 58

Cheilosis, Glossitis, Stomatitis

Question 59

What coenzymes are associated with Vitamin B3 (Niacin)?

Answer 59

NAD, NADP

Question 60

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin B3 (Niacin)?

Answer 60

Pellagra – the 3 D’s: Diarrhea, Dementia, Dermatitis

Question 61

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)?

Answer 61

Burning Foot Syndrome

Question 62

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)?

Answer 62

Peripheral Neuropathy

Question 63

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin B7 (Biotin)?

Answer 63

None noted

Question 64

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid)?

Answer 64

Megaloblastic Anemia, Spina Bifida (in fetus)

Question 65

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)?

Answer 65

Pernicious Anemia

Question 66

What are the deficiencies associated with Vitamin A (Retinol/Retinoic Acid)?

Answer 66

Nyctalopia (night blindness), Xerophthalmia ## Footnote Most toxic vitamin

Question 67

What are the deficiencies associated with Vitamin D (Calciferol)?

Answer 67

Rickets (children), Osteomalacia (adults) ## Footnote Precursor: Ergosterol

Question 68

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin E (Tocopherol)?

Answer 68

None significant ## Footnote Synergistic with Selenium

Question 69

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin K (Phylloquinone)?

Answer 69

Bleeding

Question 70

What is the function of Vitamin K (Phylloquinone)?

Answer 70

Essential for synthesis of clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X)

Question 71

What is the deficiency associated with Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)?

Answer 71

Scurvy ## Footnote Least stable vitamin, powerful antioxidant

Question 72

What are the acidic amino acids?

Answer 72

Aspartic Acid, Glutamic Acid

Question 73

What are the amide amino acids?

Answer 73

Asparagine, Glutamine

Question 74

What are the aliphatic amino acids?

Answer 74

Alanine, Glycine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine

Question 75

What are the aromatic amino acids?

Answer 75

Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Tryptophan, Histidine

Question 76

What are the basic amino acids?

Answer 76

Arginine, Lysine, Histidine

Question 77

What is the imino amino acid?

Answer 77

Proline

Question 78

What are the hydroxyl-containing amino acids?

Answer 78

Serine, Threonine, Tyrosine

Question 79

What are the sulfur-containing amino acids?

Answer 79

Cysteine, Methionine