RNAV: Togaviridae

Question 1

What are the subfamilies that belong to the Togaviridae family?

Answer 1

Rubivirus
Old World Alphavirus
New World Alphavirus

Question 2

What virus belongs to the Rubivirus group of the Togaviridae family?

Answer 2

Rubella virus

Question 3

What disease is caused by the Rubella virus?

Answer 3

Rubella (German measles)

Question 4

What congenital condition is associated with Rubella virus infection during pregnancy?

Answer 4

Congenital rubella syndrome

Question 5

What are the primary routes of transmission for the Rubella virus?

Answer 5

Respiratory droplets and vertical transmission (from mother to fetus)

Question 6

What distinguishes Rubella virus from other Togaviridae members?

Answer 6

No arthropod vector

Question 7

What are two major clinical manifestations of Rubella virus infection?

Answer 7

Rash and congenital defects

Question 8

What is the size and shape of the Togaviridae family?

Answer 8

60-70 nm,
Icosahedral

Question 9

What are the important members of the Old World Alphaviruses?

Answer 9

Chikungunya virus
O’nyong-nyong virus
Sindbis virus
Ross River virus
Barmah Forest virus

Question 10

What virus is known to cause fever, polyarthritis, and rash in Africa?

Answer 10

O’nyong-nyong virus (ONNV)

Question 11

What virus is associated with Sindbis fever, which presents with mild fever, rash, and polyarthritis?

Answer 11

Sindbis virus (SINV)

Question 12

What virus causes Ross River fever, a disease characterized by arthritis, rash, and fatigue?

Answer 12

Ross River virus (RRV)

Question 13

Which virus causes Barmah Forest virus disease, a flu-like illness with rash and arthritis?

Answer 13

Barmah Forest virus (BFV)

Question 14

How are Old World Alphaviruses primarily transmitted?

Answer 14

Mosquito bites

Question 15

Which mosquito species transmits Chikungunya virus?

Answer 15

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

Question 16

Which mosquito species is responsible for transmitting O’nyong-nyong virus?

Answer 16

Anopheles species

Question 17

Which mosquito species transmits Sindbis virus?

Answer 17

Culex species

Question 18

Which Old World Alphavirus is endemic to Australia and the Pacific regions?

Answer 18

Ross River virus (RRV)

Question 19

Which Old World Alphavirus is limited to Australia and presents similarly to Ross River virus?

Answer 19

Barmah Forest virus (BFV)

Question 20

What is the distinguishing characteristic of Old World Alphaviruses?

Answer 20

They cause fever, severe joint pain, and rash

Question 21

What is the size and shape of Old World Alphaviruses?

Answer 21

Approximately 60-70 nm, icosahedral

Question 22

What are the important members of the New World Alphaviruses?

Answer 22

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV)
Western Equine Encephalitis Virus (WEEV)
Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV)
Mayaro Virus (MAYV)
Semliki Forest Virus (SFV)

Question 23

What virus is responsible for causing severe encephalitis with high mortality?

Answer 23

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV)

Question 24

What mosquito species transmits Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus?

Answer 24

Culiseta melanura

Question 25

What is a distinguishing feature of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus?

Answer 25

Found in North and South America

Question 26

What virus causes encephalitis that is milder than Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus but can also present with flu-like symptoms?

Answer 26

Western Equine Encephalitis Virus (WEEV)

Question 27

What mosquito species transmits Western Equine Encephalitis Virus?

Answer 27

Culex tarsalis

Question 28

What is a key epidemiological feature of Western Equine Encephalitis Virus?

Answer 28

Birds act as reservoirs

Question 29

What virus causes encephalitis and febrile illness and can infect both horses and humans?

Answer 29

Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV)

Question 30

What mosquito species transmits Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus?

Answer 30

Culex and Aedes species

Question 31

What virus is an emerging arbovirus that causes dengue-like illness with joint pain and is endemic in South America?

Answer 31

Mayaro Virus (MAYV)

Question 32

What mosquito species transmits Mayaro Virus?

Answer 32

Haemagogus species

Question 33

What virus is studied for its potential as a vaccine vector and can cause meningoencephalitis in rare human cases?

Answer 33

Semliki Forest Virus (SFV)

Question 34

What is the major clinical difference between Old World and New World Alphaviruses?

Answer 34

Old World Alphaviruses cause fever, rash, and arthritis New World Alphaviruses are neurotropic and can cause severe and fatal encephalitis.

Question 35

Among the New World Alphaviruses, which has the highest mortality rate (~30-50%)?

Answer 35

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV)

Question 36

Which New World Alphaviruses have lower fatality rates compared to Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus?

Answer 36

Western Equine Encephalitis Virus (WEEV) Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV)

Question 37

What is the size and shape of all New World Alphaviruses?

Answer 37

60-70 nm, icosahedral