Robespierre and the attempts to establish wartime control

Question 1

Robespierre and the rise of the jacobin

Answer 1

• robespierre emerged as the leader of the jacobin
• argued that the revolution needed to be protected at all cost
• use of terror and extreme measures

Question 2

why did robespierre attempt to establish wartime measures

Answer 2

• 1793 republic faced internal and external enemies
• To combat these extraordinary measures were put in place
  Supported by the jacobins (especially robespierre) who wanted to win the war and reassure the parisian sans culottes that the deputies were responding to their needs
• Emergency measures straightened the jacobin voice and weakened the girondins who were opposed to strong central control

Question 3

committee of general security (CGS)

Answer 3

• October 1792
• established to take responsibility for policing and administration of justice
• Reduced from 20 deputies to 12 in 1793
  Had to report to the national convention

Question 4

levee on mass

Answer 4

• February 1793
• draft of 300,000 men ordered to be carried out in march
• Voluntary aid possibly by ballot if necessary

Question 5

representatives on mission

Answer 5

• March 1793 - 83
• representatives on mission were appointed to travel across france to ensure they loyalty and effective functioning of the departments
  Ensure public order was maintained, arrest any suspects, ensure food supplies and supervise levies
  Reported daily to the CPS and weekly to the national conventions

Question 6

revolutionary tribunal

Answer 6

• March 1793 revolutionary tribunal established to try counter revolutionaries
• 5 judges a public prosecute and jurymen form paris
• From april indictments were drawn up by the public prosecutor

Question 7

decree on rebels

Answer 7

• 19th march
• new law decree that rebels bearing arms could be executed without appeal

Question 8

surveillance committees

Answer 8

• March 1793
• surveillance committees established in every commune
• Look out for suspicious behaviour, anyone suspected would be handed over to the tribunal to be put to death if found guilty
• Members could not be former nobles or churchmen

Question 9

committee of public safety (CPS)

Answer 9

• April 1793 committee of public safety (CPS) set up
• Responsible for conduct of war, diplomacy, supplies, control of the army and the application of revolutionary laws
• Had authority over the CGS and other government agencies
• 9 men elected monthly by the national convention
• Reported weekly to the national convention
• led by robespierre

Question 10

religious changes

Answer 10

• decristianisations