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Flashcards in Rocks Deck (21)
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1
Q

define rock

A

a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter

2
Q

define rock cycle

A

the series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes

3
Q

define weathering

A

the breaking down of rock into particles called sediments

4
Q

define erosion

A

the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another

5
Q

define deposition

A

the process in which material is laid down

6
Q

define cementation

A

when layers of sediment are pressed together to form to form sedimentary rock

7
Q

define abrasion

A

the process of scraping or wearing away

8
Q

define composition

A

the chemical makeup of a rock; describes either the minerals or other materials in the rock

9
Q

define texture

A

the quality of a rock that is based on the sizes, shapes, and positions of the rock’s grains

10
Q

define destructive force

A

the process by which rock is broken down

11
Q

define constructive force

A

a force in science that builds something

12
Q

define igneous rock

A

a type of rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies

13
Q

define sedimentary rock

A

rocks formed by the deposition of sediments compacted and cemented together

14
Q

define metamorphic rock

A

rock altered by pressure and heat deep within the Earth

15
Q

define intrusive igneous rock

A

rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth’s surface

16
Q

define extrusive igneous rock

A

rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the Earth’s surface

17
Q

define clastic sedimentary rock

A

formed when rock fragments are cemented together

18
Q

define chemical sedimentary rock

A

formed when minerals crystallize out of a solution, such as sea water, to become rock

19
Q

define organic sedimentary rock

A

forms from the remains of once living plants or animals

20
Q

foliated metamorphic rock

A

the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands

21
Q

unfoliated metamorphic rock

A

the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands