Rocks

Question 1

What are the 3 types of rocks?

Answer 1

Igneous, Metamorphic, and Sedimentary

Question 2

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 2

The cooling and solidification of molten rock

Question 3

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Answer 3

By intense heat and pressure

Question 4

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 4

When sediments are compacted together

Question 5

What is a mineral?

Answer 5

A mineral is a natural substance with a crystal structure

Question 6

What do sediments go through to transform into sedimentary rock?

Answer 6

Compaction and cementation

Question 7

What do sedimentary rock go through to transform into metamorphic rock?

Answer 7

Heat and pressure

Question 8

What do metamorphic rock go through to transform into sediments?

Answer 8

Weathering and eroding

Question 9

What do igneous rock go through to transform into metamorphic rock?

Answer 9

Heat and pressure

Question 10

What do metamorphic rock go through to transform into magma?

Answer 10

Melting

Question 11

What do magma go through to transform into igneous rock?

Answer 11

Cooling

Question 12

What are the 5 common properties of a mineral?

Answer 12

Lustre, color, hardness, cleavage, streak

Question 13

What are the 2 different ways to find the age of fossils?

Answer 13

Comparative dating and radioactive dating

Question 14

What is comparative dating?

Answer 14

When geologists compare the properties of different fossils in the same layer to determine how old the organism has been deceased

Question 15

What is radioactive dating?

Answer 15

When geologists use the remaining Carbon 14 in an organism to find out the absolute age of a fossil

Question 16

What are the 4 main layers of the Earth? (in order)

Answer 16

Crust, Mantle, Outer-core, and Inner-core

Question 17

Who is the person who proposed “The Continental Drift” theory?

Answer 17

Alfred Wegener

Question 18

What is “The Continental Drift” theory?

Answer 18

“The Continental Drift” theory is the belief that the continents were once joined together as a super continent

Question 19

What was the supercontinent called?

Answer 19

Pangaea

Question 20

What is seafloor spreading?

Answer 20

When two tectonic plates split apart from each other

Question 21

What is the crust and the upper layer of the mantle called?

Answer 21

Lithosphere

Question 22

What are the 2 types of crust?

Answer 22

Oceanic crust and continental crust

Question 23

What is a convergent boundary?

Answer 23

Two tectonic plates moving towards each other and colliding

Question 24

What is a divergent boundary?

Answer 24

Two tectonic plates move apart

Question 25

What is a transform boundary?

Answer 25

2 tectonic plates sliding sideways past each other

Question 26

What natural disaster/s does a transform boundary cause?

Answer 26

Earthquakes

Question 27

What natural disaster/s does a convergent boundary cause? (memorize these, you will need them)

Answer 27

Earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain ranges

Question 28

What natural disaster/s does a divergent boundary cause?

Answer 28

Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

Question 29

Which type of rock do fossils form in?

Answer 29

Sedimentary

Question 30

How are large crystals formed?

Answer 30

When magma cools slowly

Question 31

How are small/no crystals formed?

Answer 31

When magma cools quickly

Question 32

Why do volcanoes and earthquakes appear on the outer lines of a tectonic plate?

Answer 32

Because the tectonic plates are unstable, making them create transform, convergent, and divergent

Question 33

What is the first step to fossil formation?

Answer 33

The organism dies

Question 34

What is the second step to fossil formation?

Answer 34

The organism is deposited to the bottom of a body of water with other sediments

Question 35

What is the third step to fossil formation?

Answer 35

The soft tissue of the organism decays

Question 36

What is the fourth step to fossil formation?

Answer 36

The sediment layers turn into sedimentary rock and fossilization occurs

Question 37

What are intrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 37

Rocks that are cooled slowly in the depths

Question 38

What are extrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 38

Rocks that are cooled quickly on the surface

Question 39

What natural disaster causes seafloor spreading?

Answer 39

Underwater volcanoes

Question 40

What do earthquakes do to the ground?

Answer 40

Uplift

Question 41

What rock has crystals?

Answer 41

Igneous

Question 42

What are fossils?

Answer 42

The imprint of an organism preserved in rock