Rocks and Rock Cycle

Question 1

What do rocks make up

Answer 1

The surface of the earths crust

Question 2

How are rocks made

Answer 2

They are made from different minerals held together by a natural cement

Question 3

What 3 main features to different types of rock have

Answer 3

Colors, Textures and Hardness

Question 4

What are the 3 rock groups

Answer 4

Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic

Question 5

How are Igneous Rocks Formed

Answer 5

Volcanic Activity

Question 6

How does Volcanic Activity create Igneous rocks

Answer 6

Lava or magma cools into solid rock above or under the earths surface

Question 7

How are Sedimentary rocks formed

Answer 7

Formed from sediments compressed by the sea

Question 8

What word describes cementing the minerals together to form a Sedimentary rock

Answer 8

Lithified

Question 9

How are Metamorphic rocks formed

Answer 9

When existing rocks are exposed to great heat (thermal) and pressure (regional)

Question 10

What 5 transformations occur in the rock cycle

Answer 10

Cooling
Melting
Heat and Pressure
Erosion
Compression

Question 11

How does volcanic activity create Igneous rocks

Answer 11

The cooling and crystallization of magma

Question 12

What kind of Igneous rock does Intrusive or Plutonic processes create

Answer 12

Granite

Question 13

What kind of Igneous rock does Extrusive processes create

Answer 13

Basalt

Question 14

Where is Granite found in Ireland

Answer 14

Connemara Lowlands and the mountains of Donegal, Wicklow and Down

Question 15

Where is Granite used in homes

Answer 15

In counter tops, Gravestones and stairs

Question 16

How does Granite come to the surface from intrusive volcanic activity

Answer 16

Erosion and weathering

Question 17

How is Granite formed

Answer 17

Subduction or folding magma gets trapped

Question 18

What kind of an appearance does Granite have

Answer 18

Grained and large crystals gritty appearance

Question 19

What 4 types of minerals are found in Granite

Answer 19

Mica, Feldspar, Quartz and silica

Question 20

What % of Quartz must granite at least be

Answer 20

20%

Question 21

Is Granite an acidic or basic rock

Answer 21

Acidic

Question 22

What % of silica must granite at least be

Answer 22

55%

Question 23

What 4 colors can Granite have

Answer 23

White, Black and white, Pink and Red

Question 24

What causes the Granite to become a salmon pink color

Answer 24

Potassium Feldspar

Question 25

What causes the Granite to become a red color

Answer 25

Iron Oxide

Question 26

Is basalt an extrusive or intrusive rock

Answer 26

Extrusive

Question 27

Where in Ireland are basalt rocks commonly found

Answer 27

Antrim-Derry plateau (giants causeway)

Question 28

What is basalt used in

Answer 28

Road building and rock armour

Question 29

How is basalt formed

Answer 29

When lava cools very quickly on the earths surface

Question 30

What colour is basalt

Answer 30

Black or Dark Gray

Question 31

What 3 minerals does basalt contain

Answer 31

Magnesium, Feldspar and iron

Question 32

Is basalt a basic or acidic rock

Answer 32

Basic (less than 55% silica)

Question 33

Where are sedimentary rocks formed

Answer 33

On or near the surface of the earth, lakebeds or beneath the sea

Question 34

What are sedimentary rocks made up from

Answer 34

Sediments compressed together

Question 35

What are the 3 groups of sedimentary rocks

Answer 35

Mechanically formed, organically formed and chemically formed

Question 36

What are sedimentary rocks developed in (layers)

Answer 36

Strata

Question 37

What is cementation

Answer 37

Bonding of sedimentary rocks together

Question 38

Where is Sandstone found in Ireland

Answer 38

Cork, Kerry

Question 39

What mountain orogeny is Sandstone from

Answer 39

Armorican

Question 40

How is Sandstone formed (Mechanically formed, organically formed and chemically formed)

Answer 40

Mechanically formed

Question 41

How is sandstone formed in relation of weathering

Answer 41

The sand it carried to the sea where layers build up

Question 42

What is Sandstone mainly made from

Answer 42

Quartz

Question 43

What is the most common rock in Ireland

Answer 43

Limestone

Question 44

How is Limestone used

Answer 44

Construction, farming and making cement

Question 45

What are the 3 main types of Limestone

Answer 45

Carboniferous, Dolomite and chalk

Question 46

What is a rock that is made up of at least 50% calcium carbonate called

Answer 46

Limestone

Question 47

What period of time was Limestone created

Answer 47

350 mya

Question 48

What is Limestone cemented by

Answer 48

Calcium carbonate and chemicals in the sea

Question 49

What is regional or dynamic metamorphism

Answer 49

When heat and pressure changes a large area

Question 50

What is marbles parent rock

Answer 50

Limestone

Question 51

Where can marble be found

Answer 51

North west of Ireland (Galway)

Question 52

What texture does Marble have

Answer 52

Coarse and rough

Question 53

What is Marble made from

Answer 53

Calcite

Question 54

How does Marble form larger crystals

Answer 54

More metamorphism

Question 55

What colour is marble

Answer 55

White But impurities give is a red pink or green colour

Question 56

What is Quartzite parent rock

Answer 56

Sandstone

Question 57

Where can Quartzite be found

Answer 57

Coragh Patrick

Question 58

What texture does Quartzite have

Answer 58

Hard and non-porous Very resistant to erosion

Question 59

What is Quartzite made from

Answer 59

Melted silica and sand

Question 60

What colour is Quartzite

Answer 60

White to gray