Role of Muscles

Question 1

What is an agonist?

Answer 1

prime mover: which is PRIMARILY responsible for the movement

Question 2

what is an antagonist?

Answer 2

muscle which acts in opposite direction of the agonist

Question 3

What is a concentric muscle contraction?

Answer 3

constant internal force produced when the muscle EXCEEDS the external force of resistance
(force developed by the muscle is greater than the load on the muscle)

Question 4

what happens to the muscle in a concentric contraction?

Answer 4

muscle SHORTENS while maintaining tension, producing movement

Question 5

what is an isometric contraction?

Answer 5

internal force generated by contractile components DOESN’T exceed the external force of resistance
(force and load are equivalent)

Question 6

what happens to the muscle during isometric contraction?

Answer 6

no change in muscle length

muscle generates more tension than in eccentric contraction b/c no energy is extended to shorten it

Question 7

what is an eccentric contraction?

Answer 7

an external force greater than the internal force is added to an already SHORTENED muscle
(load on a muscle is greater than the force developed by the muscle)

Question 8

what happens to the muscle in an eccentric contraction?

Answer 8

muscle lengthens while continuing to maintain tension

Question 9

what type of contraction occurs every moment in the direction of gravity?

Answer 9

eccentric

Question 10

which muscle contraction exceeds the force of all other types?

Answer 10

eccentric

Question 11

what is a concentric action?

Answer 11

when the speed of motion is faster than the speed produced by gravity

Question 12

what is an eccentric action?

Answer 12

when the speed of motion is slower than the speed produced by gravity

Question 13

From a fully extended position, flex the elbow until your hand touched your shoulder. This is a _______ contraction of the _______.

Answer 13

concetric

biceps brachii

Question 14

Slowly extend your elbow with forearm supinated until it is fully extended. This is a _________ contraction of the _________.

Answer 14

eccentric

biceps brachii

Question 15

Rapidly extend your elbow from the fully flexed position. Do this motion in the direction of gravity. This is a ________ contraction of the ________.

Answer 15

concentric

triceps

Question 16

With elbow flexed, put a weight around your wrist. Slowly lower hand to table, extending your elbow. This is a ________ contraction of the ________.

Answer 16

eccentric

biceps brachii

Question 17

Starting with your elbow flexed, slowly extend elbow against youre partners slight to moderate resistance. This is a _____ contraction of the _______.

Answer 17

concentric

triceps

Question 18

Push against the edge of the table. Try to push the table away from you. This is a ______ contraction of the _______.

Answer 18

isometric

triceps

Question 19

Perform a sit-up with hands clasped behind head. This is a ________ contraction of the _______.

Answer 19

concentric

rectis abdominis

Question 20

Let yourself back down to supine slowly. This is a ______ contraction of the _______.

Answer 20

eccentric

rectis abdominis

Question 21

pretend you are wearing a cast with knee flexed. Try to contract the quads without moving the knee. Palpate the patellar tendon while doing this. This is a ________ contraction of the quads.

Answer 21

isometric

Question 22

What is the muscle grade for someone that can only move a body part with gravity eliminated?

Answer 22

poor

Question 23

what is the muscle grade if a muscle can be felt contracting without movement of the body part?

Answer 23

trace

Question 24

Abduct your shoulder the 90 degrees in a position in which the effects of gravity are eliminated. What is your position?

Answer 24

supine or prone

Question 25

Abduct your shoulder 90 degrees in a position in which you are moving the arm against gravity. What is your position?

Answer 25

standing, sitting, sidelying

Question 26

Flex your hip in a position in which the effects of gravity are eliminated. What is your position?

Answer 26

sidelying

Question 27

Flex your hip in a position in which you are moving your thigh against gravity. What is your position?

Answer 27

supine, standing, sitting

Question 28

your pt is able to abduct the shoulder to 90 degrees against gravity with moderate resistance. Grade?

Answer 28

4-good

Question 29

your pt is able to flex the hip against gravity but cant take any resistance. Grade?

Answer 29

3-fair