roman orphan studies

Question 1

Four AO3 points

Answer 1

• practical applications (both)
• higher control over extraneous variables ( rutters research)
• might not be representative (both)
• rutters research (effects of institutionalisation)

Question 2

strength for both topics

Answer 2

practical applications

Question 3

PEEL for practical applications

Answer 3

P= principles of the theory of how institutionalisation leads to psychological problems
E= led to improvements in conditions experienced by children growing up outside their family home
E= eg, children’s homes avoid large number of CG for each child, one of two key workers- play central role child’s emotional care to reduce negative effects of institutionalisation
L= important part of applied psychology, increases credibility

Question 4

strength of rutters research

Answer 4

higher control over extraneous variables

Question 5

PEEL of higher extraneous variables

Answer 5

P= than previous orphan studies
E= children often experienced trauma, neglect, abuse or bereavement before institutionalised, difficult to tell if LT effects due to neglect or inst care
E= rutters - majority of orphans handed by loving parents couldn’t afford keep them, possible to stufy effects of inst without these confounding variables
L= increasing internal validity

Question 6

weakness for both

Answer 6

might not be representative

Question 7

PEEL for may not be representative

Answer 7

P= of all institutions
E= eg, ROM quality of care in inst extremely poor, children recieved little intellectual stimulation of comfort
E= harmful effects in studies of ROM orphans may due effects of poor inst care, unique to ROM orphans
L= findings mag not generalise to effects of inst care outside ROM, lowering external validity

Question 8

strength of effects of institutionalisation

Answer 8

Rutter et al research to support

Question 9

PEEL for Rutter er al research to support

Answer 9

P= research to support was conducted by Rutter et al on ROM orphans
E= compared 111 ROM orphans with control group of 52 adopted british children, age= naturally occurring IV, child’s development = DV
E= found- late adoptees higher levels of disinhibited attatchment age 4, lower levels of IQ showing cognitive impairment age 11. Adopted before 6M normal IQ level, suggest if attachment distrupted, can lead to negative effects
L = supporting LT negative effects of institutionalisation