Root Camp Lecture 3 - Internal Anatomy and Access of Anteriors

Question 1

The pulp cavity is divided into a ________ and _________ portion

Answer 1

coronal; radicular

Question 2

The pulp cavity reflects the __________ contour of the crown and root

Answer 2

external

Question 3

Opening of the canal system at the base of the pulp chamber where the root canal begins, especially in teeth w/ multiple canals

Answer 3

Orifice

Question 4

Tip or end of root, which comprises its final 2-3 mm

Answer 4

Root apex

Question 5

Tip or end of root, as determined morphologically

Answer 5

Anatomic apex

Question 6

Tip or end of root, as determined radiographically. Its location can vary from the anatomic apex due to root morphology and distortion of the radiographic image

Answer 6

Radiographic apex

Question 7

Apical portion of the root canal having the narrowest diameter. Usually 0.5-1 mm short of the center of the apical foramen

Answer 7

Apical constriction

Question 8

Natural opening or passage, especially into or through a bone. Describes openings in the root structure that communicate w/ the pulp and contain neural, vascular, and connective elements

Answer 8

Foramen

Question 9

T/F: Apical foramen always exits at the radiographic apex

Answer 9

FALSE, the apical foramen does NOT always exit at the radiographic apex

Question 10

Has lateral exit up to 3 mm (most common)

Answer 10

Apical foramen

Question 11

Accessory canal located in the furcation

Answer 11

Furcation canal

Question 12

Anatomic area of a multi-rooted tooth where the roots diverge

Answer 12

Furcation canal

Question 13

Which tooth?

Pulp chamber:
Flattened B-L
Extended M-D
2 or 3 pulp horns

Answer 13

Maxillary central

Question 14

Which tooth?

Canal:
Single, tapered, wide, voluminous
Straight or labial curve

Answer 14

Maxillary central

Question 15

Which tooth?

Transverse cross-section:
Coronal = triangular
Apical = circular

Answer 15

Maxillary central

Question 16

Which tooth?

Average length = 23 mm

Answer 16

Maxillary central

Question 17

Which tooth?

Pulp chamber:
Flattened B-L
Extended M-D
Lower volume compared to ICS

Answer 17

Maxillary lateral

Question 18

Which tooth?

Canal:
Single, conical
Flattens in apical direction
Distal curve in 50% of cases

Answer 18

Maxillary lateral

Question 19

Which tooth?

Transverse cross-section:
Coronal = circular
Middle = oval
Apical = circular

Answer 19

Maxillary lateral

Question 20

Which tooth?

Average length = 22.5 mm

Answer 20

Maxillary lateral

Question 21

If the continuity of Hertwig’s root epithelium is disrupted or odontoblastic induction fails at some location during root formation, a corresponding defect will appear in the dentin wall, resulting in ________ ________

Answer 21

lateral canals

Question 22

Which tooth?

Pulp chamber:
Similar to maxillary incisors
Smaller and flatter M-D

Answer 22

Mandibular central and lateral

Question 23

Which tooth?

Canal:
Sharp M-D flattening
Single foramen or separate

Answer 23

Mandibular central and lateral

Question 24

Which tooth?

Transverse cross-section:
Coronal, middle, and apical = ellipse shape w/ proximal flattening

Answer 24

Mandibular central and lateral

Question 25

Which tooth? Root number and shape: Single root w/ proximal flattening, which may determine the presence of 2 canals (B and L)

Answer 25

Mandibular central and lateral

Question 26

Which tooth? Average length = 21 mm

Answer 26

Mandibular central

Question 27

Which tooth? Average length = 22 mm

Answer 27

Mandibular lateral

Question 28

It is very common in this tooth to have lateral canals

Answer 28

Maxillary central

Question 29

Which tooth? Ribbon-shaped canals in narrow, hour glass cross-section

Answer 29

Mandibular central and lateral

Question 30

Which tooth? Danger of lateral perforation M-D

Answer 30

Mandibular central and lateral

Question 31

Which tooth? NOT a good tooth for a post space

Answer 31

Mandibular central and lateral

Question 32

Which Vertucci's Classification? Single canal from pulp chamber to apex

Answer 32

Type I

Question 33

Which Vertucci's Classification? 2 separate canals leaving the chamber, but merge short of the apex to form a single canal

Answer 33

Type II

Question 34

Which Vertucci's Classification? A single canal that divides into 2, and subsequently merges to exit as 1

Answer 34

Type III

Question 35

Which Vertucci's Classification? 2 distinct canals from pulp chamber to apex

Answer 35

Type IV

Question 36

Which Vertucci's Classification? Single canal leaving the chamber and dividing into 2 separate canals at the apex

Answer 36

Type V

Question 37

Which Vertucci's Classification? 2 separate canals leaving the pulp chamber, merging in the body of the root, and dividing again into 2 distinct canals short from the apex

Answer 37

Type VI

Question 38

Which Vertucci's Classification? A single canal that divides, merges, and exits into 2 distinct canals short from the apex

Answer 38

Type VII

Question 39

Which Vertucci's Classification? 3 distinct canals within one root from pulp chamber to apex

Answer 39

Type VIII

Question 40

Which tooth? Longest root, can reach over 30 mm

Answer 40

Maxillary canine

Question 41

Which tooth? Bifurcation of roots can occur

Answer 41

Mandibular canine

Question 42

Which tooth? BP dimension much larger than MD Apical cross-section = circular

Answer 42

Maxillary and mandibular canines

Question 43

Which tooth? Average length = 27 mm

Answer 43

Maxillary canine

Question 44

Which tooth? Average length = 26 mm

Answer 44

Mandibular canine

Question 45

Basic rule = assume 2 canals exist until proven otherwise

Question 46

First operative phase of endo tx; purpose is to provide convenient, direct access to locate and enter all canals

Answer 46

Access cavity prep

Question 47

Includes: Endo access Removal of coronal dental pulp ID of root canal orifices

Answer 47

Access cavity prep

Question 48

What are the 8 objectives of endo access?

Answer 48

1. Remove all caries 2. Conserve sound tooth structure 3. Remove roof of pulp chamber 4. Remove coronal pulp 5. Locate all orifices 6. Achieve straight or direct line access to canals 7. Instrumentation and obturation 8. Reduce risk of errors and accidents

Question 49

Point on tooth structure where bur is placed to begin access cavity

Answer 49

Initial starting point

Question 50

Angle at which the bur enters the tooth structure to reach the pulp chamber

Answer 50

Penetration angle

Question 51

Shape of the external opening on the coronal tooth surface created to access root canal system

Answer 51

Outline form

Question 52

Which step of endo access? Aims to remove all contents of pulp chamber, ensuring clear access to orifices

Answer 52

Removal of coronal dental pulp

Question 53

Which step of endo access? In single rooted teeth, the location is straightforward In multi-rooted teeth, orifices can be located using the endo explorer

Answer 53

ID of orifices

Question 54

What is the initial starting point for incisors and canines?

Answer 54

1-2 mm from cingulum towards incisal edge

Question 55

What is the penetration angle for incisors and canines?

Answer 55

45 degrees

Question 56

What is the outline form for incisors?

Answer 56

Triangle (rounded, with base facing the incisal edge)

Question 57

What is the outline form for canines?

Answer 57

Oval

Question 58

What can lead to future crown discoloration?

Answer 58

Pulp horns that are left behind

Question 59

All anterior teeth have a __________ __________ inside the access at the level of the CEJ. How is this removed?

Answer 59

lingual shoulder Remove with orifice opener or safety-tip tapered diamond bur

Question 60

What is never blown directly into the pulp chamber?

Answer 60

Air syringe! (instead, use cotton pellets or an aspiration cannula to dry the canal)