ROOTS

Question 1

downward growth of the plant into the soil

Answer 1

Root

Question 2

Functions of roots

Answer 2

• fix the plant to the soil and give mechanical
  support to the plant body.
• absorb water and the minerals dissolved in
  it from the soil and transport them to the aerial parts.
• root undergoes modification andper-forms special functions.

Question 3

Various parts of a root

Answer 3

Root cap
Region of cell division
Region of elongation
Region of root hairs
Region of maturation

Question 4

protects the growing cells

Answer 4

Root cap

Question 5

meristematic tissue producing new cells

Answer 5

Region of cell division

Question 6

increase in the length of the root

Answer 6

Region of elongation

Question 7

They are responsible for strengthening the hold
of root into the soil and also for the absorption of water.

Answer 7

Region of root hairs

Question 8

responsible for the absorbed material by roots. The root branches or the lateral roots are produced in this region.

Answer 8

Region of maturation

Question 9

Types of roots

Answer 9

Tap root system
Adventitious roots

Question 10

radicle grows into the soil and forms main axis of the root

Answer 10

Tap root system

Question 11

roots that develop from any part of the plant other than radicle

Answer 11

Adventitious roots.

Question 12

They store carbohydrates and are used during early growth of successive season.

Answer 12

Modification for storage of food

Question 13

three types of modifications: Tap roots

Answer 13

Conical
Fusiform
Napiform

Question 14

These are cone-like, broader at the base and tape-ring at the tip, e.g. carrot.

Answer 14

conical

Question 15

These roots are more or less spindle shaped, i.e. tapering at both the ends, e.g. radish

Answer 15

Fusiform

Question 16

These are spherical shaped and very sharply tapering at lower part, e.g. beat and turnip

Answer 16

Napiform

Question 17

three types of modifications: Adventitious root

Answer 17

Tuberous roots
Fasciculated tuberous roots
Palmated tuberous roots
Annulated roots

Question 18

Modifications for support

Answer 18

Clinging or Climbing roots
Stilt roots
Columnar roots

Question 19

These get swollen and form single or isolated tuberous roots which are fusiform in shape, e.g. sweet potato, jalap, aconite.

Answer 19

Tuberous roots

Question 20

When several tuberous roots occur in a group or cluster at the base of a stem they are termed as fasciculated tuberous roots as in dahlia, asparagus.

Answer 20

Fasciculated tuberous roots

Question 21

When they are exhibited like palm with fingers as in common ground orchid

Answer 21

Palmated tuberous roots

Question 22

The swollen portion is in the form of a series of rings called annules as in ipecacuanha.

Answer 22

Annulated roots

Question 23

These types of roots are developed by plants like black pepper for support or for climbing purposes at nodes.

Answer 23

Clinging or Climbing roots

Question 24

This type of root is observed in maize and screw-pine, which grow vertically or obliquely downwards and penetrate into soil and give addi-tional support to the main plant.

Answer 24

Stilt roots

Question 25

In certain plants like banyan, the additional support is given by specially developed pillars or columnar roots

Answer 25

Columnar roots

Question 26

Modifications for special functions:

Answer 26

Respiratory roots or pneumatophores
Sucking roots or Haustoria
Photosynthetic root
Epiphytic or Assimilatory roots
Nodulated roots or root tubercles

Question 27

Epiphytic or Assimilatory roots consist of

Answer 27

Clinging roots
Aerial roots

Question 28

The roots of the plant growing in marshy places on sea-shores due to continuous water logging are unable to respire properly.

Answer 28

Respiratory roots or pneumatophores

Question 29

These roots neither possess root caps nor root hairs

Answer 29

Sucking roots or Haustoria

Question 30

become green in colour on exposure to sunlight and perform photosynthesis

Answer 30

hotosynthetic roots

Question 31

plants which grow on the branches or stems of the plants without taking any food from them

Answer 31

Epiphytic or Assimilatory roots

Question 32

which they get fixed with the host and

Answer 32

Clinging roots

Question 33

hich hang freely in the air, These roots are devoid of root caps and root hairs. They carry on photosynthesis

Answer 33

Aerial roots

Question 34

These are formed by nitrogen fixing bacteria
and getting carbohydrates from the plants.

Answer 34

Nodulated roots or root tubercles

Question 35

Uses of roots

Answer 35

Source of food and vegetables
Various types of medicinally important drugs are
obtained from root.