Roots Flashcards
(35 cards)
What are the four functions of roots?
Anchor plant to ground
Absorption of minerals and water
Store food materials
Interaction with beneficial microorganisms
Radicle
embryonic root
RAM
Root apical meristem
Lateral roots develop from _________
new RAMs
Two types of root systems
Taproot system
Fibrous roots system
Taproot system
first formed root is WIDEST and LONGEST. DICOTS
Fibrous root system
Roots are of EQUAL WIDTH. MONOCOTS
Four zones of the root
Rootcap, cell division zone, cell elongation zone, maturation zone
Rootcap
protection for root - mucigel. involved in gravity sensing
Cell division zone
includes RAM and immediate progeny
Cell elongation zone
drives elongation of the root
Maturation zone
root hairs
Mucigel
complex polysaccharide produced in root caps (epidermal cells)
Functions of mucigel
prevents desiccation
lubrication allows efficient soil penetration
creates symbiotic environment
provides a diffusion bridge for uptake of water
Gravitropism
sensing in rootcap
Root Apical Meristem
area of root which contains dividing cells
contains relatively inactive region, the quiescent center
Quiescent center
inactive region of RAM
Root epidermis
absorbs water and nutrients
facilitated by root hairs
Root hairs
epidermal outgrowths - absorb water and minerals. increase surface area. OUTGROW OF ONE CELL
Water and minerals are absorbed by _______ _______
root hairs
Water and minerals move from root hair to ______
Xylem
Cortex
forms majority of root tissue. contains amyloplast to store starch and endodermis
Endodermis
contains casparian strips in cell walls/hydrophobic barrier along vasculature (suberin and/or lignin)
restricts flow of solutes
Capserian strip
forces material into cells of the endodermis in order to get into the vascular system