Rotation Final Flashcards
When there is increased pulmonary opacity, what 4 things should you rule out to determine pulmonary vs. extra-pulmonary cause
1) pleural fluid
2) mediastinal mass
3) thoracic wall mass
4) diaphragmatic hernia
What are the boundaries of the liver on ultrasound:
1) caudally
2) centrally
3) left
1) right kidney
2) stomach
3) spleen
Describe how hepatic vessels look different in their appearance
Portal veins= hyperechoic walls
hepatic veins= anechoic with no observable walls
What is appropriate kidney size (on u/s) for cats?
3-4.5 cm
When assessing fetal viability on u/s, what would the normal HR be?
What rate would indicate fetal stress? Emergency?
2x HR of mother is appropriate
If <170 –distress
if <150– emergency
Which wall layers of the GI tract are hypoechoic?
Muscularis & mucosa
For MOST segments of the GI tract, what is the appropriate thickness?
1) dogs
2) Cats
1) 2-5 mm
2) 2-3mm
* colon is thinnest in both (1-3mm in dogs; 1.5mm in cats)
In the cat, which segment of SI looks different than the others and WHY?
Ileum
prominent submucosal and muscularis layers
How does the appearance of the pancreas differ btwn acute and chronic pancreatitis.
How does location of changes differ btwn dogs and cats
acute–typically hypoechoic w/ reactive surrouding mesentery
chronic–hyperechoic
- Dogs–typically right limb & body
- Cats–typically left limb & body
