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AWS SAA-CO2 > Route 53 > Flashcards

Route 53 Flashcards

1
Q

Where does Route 53 get its name from?

A

Route 66 and the fact that it uses port 53

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2
Q

What is DNS

A

Domain Name System – the phonebook of the Internet! Users access information online through domain names, like nytimes.com or espn.com. Web browsers interact through Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. DNS translates domain names to IP addresses so browsers can load Internet resources.

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3
Q

What is an IP address used for?

A

IP addresses are used by computers to identify each other on the network. (like numbers on a house)

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4
Q

What are the two common forms of IP addresses?

A

IPv4 and IPv6

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5
Q

Why are both IPv4 and IPv6 used?

A

Because IPv6 was created to address the depletion issue and has an address space of 128bits (340 UNDECILLION) IPv4 has at a little over 4 billion,
and has effectively run out of space. The only reason both are used is because the switch to 100% IPv6 is going to take a decade or so.

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6
Q

What are Top Level Domains?

What about second level?

A

the last string of characters separated by dots in your domain name. They are controlled by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) in a root zone database.

.com.uk ==> . com == 1st .uk == 2nd

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7
Q

What is a Root zone database?

A

database of all available top level domains.

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8
Q

What is a Domain Registrar?

A

authority that enforces uniqueness of domain names across the internet.

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9
Q

Domains are registered with ________, a service of ______. Each domain name becomes registered in a central database know as the _______ database.

A

InterNIC, ICANN, WhoIS

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10
Q

What is SOA, and what does it do?

A

Start of authority Record - the start of every DNS address.

Stores the following info:
-Name of sever that supplied data for the zone
-The admin of the +23
0zone
-The current version of the data file
-The default number of seconds for the TTL file on resource records.

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11
Q

What does NS stand for, and what does it do?

A

Name server records - used by top level domain servers to direct traffic to the content DNS server which contains the authoritative DNS records

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12
Q

“A” Record

A

is the fundamental type of DNS record. The “A” stands for address. Used by computer to translate the name of the domain to an IP address.

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13
Q

What is TTL in relation to DNS?

A

TTL stands for time to live, it is equal to the length that a DNS record is cached on either the Resolving Server or the users own local PC in seconds.

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14
Q

What is a CName?

A

A Canonical Name can be used to resolve one domain name to another. (Kinda like forwarding)

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15
Q

What areAlias Records used for?

A

used to map resource record sets in your hosted zone to ELBs, CloudFront distros, or S3 buckets that are configured as websites. Similar to Cname

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16
Q

**What is the key difference between CNAME and Alias Records?

A

CNAME ( see name ) cant be used for naked domain names aka zone apex record. (no www in front )

always choose alias

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17
Q

** ELBs do not have pre-defined IPv4 addresses, you resolve them using a DNS name T/F

A

T

18
Q

Common DNS Types? list 6 SNACMP

A
  • SOA
  • NS
  • A
  • CNAMES
  • MX
  • PTR
19
Q

How long can it take to register a domain name, depending on the circumstance?

A

3 days

20
Q

There are 7 different routing policies that are available with route 53. What are they?

SWLFGGM

A
  • Simple Routing
  • Weighted Routing
  • Latency-based routing
  • failover routing
  • geolocation routing
  • Geoproximity routing
  • Multi Answer Routing
21
Q

Simple Routing Policy

A

with this option you can only have one record with multiple IP addresses.

22
Q

What will happen if you specify multiple values in a record using Simple Routing?

A

Route 53 will return all values to the user i random order.

23
Q

Weighted Routing

A

Allows you to split your traffic based on different weights applied (in %)

24
Q

Can you set health checks on individual record sets?

A

Yes

25
Q

What happens if a record set fails a health check ?

A

It will be removed from Route53 until it passes the health check. Can use SNS.

26
Q

Latency-Based Routing

A

Allows you to route your traffic based on the lowest network latency for your end user. Will check latency in seconds, and will choose lowest latency.

27
Q

Failover Routing Policy

A

used when you want to create an active/passive set up. Route 53 will monitor the health of your active endpoint – if it detects failure, it will re reroute to passive.

28
Q

Geolocation Routing Policy

A

lets you choose where your traffic will be sent based on the geographic location of your users.

29
Q

Geoproximity Routing Policy

A

lets Route53 route traffic to your resources based on the geographic location of your users and your resources. You can optionally choose to route more traffic or less to a given resource by specifying a value aka bias.

30
Q

What is a bias, in terms of routing?

A

A bias expands or shrinks the size of the geographic region from which traffic is routed to a resource.

31
Q

To use geoproximity routing you must use Route 53 ____ ____

A

traffic flow

32
Q

Multi-Value Routing Policy

A

lets you configure Route53 to return multiple values, such as IP addresses for your web servers, in response to DNS queries.

Basically Simple routing with health checks.

33
Q

What is the key difference between simple routing and multi-value routing?

A

MVR allows you to put health checks on each record set.

34
Q

Your company hosts 10 web servers all serving the same web content in AWS. They want Route 53 to serve traffic to random web servers. Which routing policy will meet this requirement, and provide the best resiliency?

A

Multivalue Routing

35
Q

You have created a new subdomain for your popular website, and you need this subdomain to point to an Elastic Load Balancer using Route53. Which DNS record set type (or DNS extension type) could you create? (Choose 2).

A

CNAME Alias

CNAME maps to the host name

An alias could be created for the ELB. Alias records provide a Route 53–specific extension to DNS functionality

36
Q

You are hosting a website and would like visitors from United Kingdom to see a different site than those in Australia. Which Routing Policy would help you to accomplish this?

A

Geolocation

37
Q

True or False: There is a limit to the number of domain names that you can manage using Route 53

A

True and False. With Route 53, there is a default limit of 50 domain names. However, this limit can be increased by contacting AWS support.

38
Q

Which Route 53 policies allow you to route data to a second resource if the first is unhealthy, and route data to resources that have better performance?

A

Failover and latency based routing

39
Q

Route 53 is Amazons DNS service T/F

A

T

40
Q

Route 53 is named so because ____.

A

The DNS Port is on Port 53 and Route 53 is a DNS Service.

41
Q

In AWS Route 53, which of the following are true?

  1. A CNAME record assigns an Alias name to an IP address.
  2. Alias Records provide a Route 53–specific extension to DNS functionality
  3. Alias Records can point at any resources in AWS, but only within the same account
  4. Route 53 allows you to create an Alias record at the top node of a DNS namespace (zone apex)
  5. Alias Records can point at any resource with a Canonical Name.
  6. Route 53 allows you to create a CNAME record at the top node of a DNS namespace (zone apex)
A

2,4

Alias Records have special functions that are not present in other DNS servers. Their main function is to provide special functionality and integration into AWS services. Unlike CNAME records, they can also be used at the Zone Apex, where CNAME records cannot. Alias Records can also point to AWS Resources that are hosted in other accounts by manually entering the ARN

42
Q

You have an enterprise solution that operates Active-Active with facilities in Regions US-West and India. Due to growth in the Asian market you have been directed by the CTO to ensure that only traffic in Asia (between Turkey and Japan) is directed to the India Region. Which of these will deliver that result?

A

Geolocation and geoproximity routing

AWS SAA-CO2 (7 decks)

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