Routes in Organic Synthesis Flashcards by Kieran McGee

Q

alkene -> alkane

A

H2/Ni

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Q

alkene -> haloalkane

A

Hydrogen halide

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Q

alkane -> haloalkane

A

halogen

UV

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Q

haloalkane -> alcohol

A

NaOH (aq)

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Q

alcohol -> haloalkane

A

sodium halide/H2SO4

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Q

primary alcohol -> aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4

Distillation

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Q

aldehyde -> primary alcohol

A

NaBH4

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Q

secondary alcohol -> ketone

A

K2Cr2O7

Reflux

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Q

ketone -> secondary alcohol

A

NaBH4

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Q

ketone -> hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN(aq)/H+(aq)

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Q

aldehyde -> hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN(aq)/H+(aq)

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Q

hydroxynitrile -> amine

A

H2/N

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Q

haloalkane -> amine

A

NH3/ethanol

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Q

haloalkane -> nitrile

A

CN-/ethanol

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Q

alkene -> alcohol

A

H20 (steam)/H3PO4

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Q

alcohol -> alkene

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A

H3PO4 or H2SO4

Heat

Q

alcohol -> ester

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A

carboxylic acid/conc. H2SO4 or acid anhydride

Q

primary alcohol -> carboxylic acid

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A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4

Reflux

Q

aldehyde -> carboxylic acid

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A

K2Cr2O7

Q

carboxylic acid -> ester

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A

alcohol/conc. H2SO4

Q

ester -> carboxylic acid

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A

Dilute acid

Heat

Q

ester -> carboxylate

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A

OH-

Heat

Q

acyl chloride -> ester

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A

Alcohol

Q

acyl chloride -> primary amide

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A

NH3

acyl chloride -> secondary amide

primary amine

carboxylic acid -> acyl chloride

SOCl2

acyl chloride -> carboxylic acid

H2O

hydroxynitrile -> amine

N2/Ni

nitrile -> amine

H2/Ni

nitrile or hydroxynitrile -> carboxylic acid

H20/HCl | Heat

benzene -> methyl benzene

CH3Cl/AlCl3

benzene -> nitrobenzene

conc. HNO3 | conc. H2SO4

nitrobenzene -> phenylamine

Sn/conc. HCl

phenylamine -> 2,4,6-tribromoaniline

Br2

benzene -> bromobenzene

Br2/AlBr3 or Fe or FeBr3

phenol -> nitrophenol

Dilute HNO3

phenol -> 2,4,6-trinitrophenol

Br2