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Routing Concepts Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary function of a router in a network?
A) To connect devices within the same LAN
B) To forward packets between different networks
C) To provide wireless connectivity
D) To filter traffic based on MAC addresses

A

Answer: B) To forward packets between different networks

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2
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of static routing?
A) Automatically adapts to network changes
B) Requires manual configuration
C) Uses algorithms to determine the best path
D) Consumes more bandwidth than dynamic routing

A

Answer: B) Requires manual configuration

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3
Q

What is the purpose of a default route?
A) To provide a backup path if the primary route fails
B) To forward packets when no specific route exists
C) To load-balance traffic between multiple paths
D) To encrypt routing updates

A

Answer: B) To forward packets when no specific route exists

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4
Q

Which routing protocol uses the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm?
A) RIP
B) EIGRP
C) OSPF
D) BGP

A

Answer: C) OSPF

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5
Q

What is the administrative distance (AD) of a directly connected route?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 90
D) 110

A

Answer: A) 0

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6
Q

Which command displays the routing table on a Cisco router?
A) show ip route
B) show route
C) display routing-table
D) show interfaces

A

Answer: A) show ip route

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7
Q

What is the main disadvantage of dynamic routing?
A) Requires manual configuration
B) Consumes more bandwidth and CPU resources
C) Does not scale well in large networks
D) Only works with IPv4

A

Answer: B) Consumes more bandwidth and CPU resources

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8
Q

Which of the following is a distance-vector routing protocol?
A) OSPF
B) EIGRP
C) RIP
D) IS-IS
Answer: C) RIP

A

Answer: C) RIP

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9
Q

What is the purpose of a routing metric?
A) To encrypt routing updates
B) To determine the best path to a destination
C) To assign IP addresses dynamically
D) To filter unauthorized traffic

A

Answer: B) To determine the best path to a destination

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10
Q

Which routing protocol is considered hybrid?
A) RIP
B) OSPF
C) EIGRP
D) BGP

A

Answer: C) EIGRP

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11
Q

What is the default administrative distance of OSPF?
A) 90
B) 100
C) 110
D) 120

A

Answer: C) 110

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12
Q

Which of the following is true about static routing?
A) It is suitable for large, constantly changing networks
B) It is more secure than dynamic routing
C) It automatically recovers from link failures
D) It requires less administrative overhead than dynamic routing

A

Answer: B) It is more secure than dynamic routing

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13
Q

What is the purpose of a next-hop IP address in a routing table?
A) To identify the destination network
B) To specify the IP address of the neighboring router
C) To encrypt routing updates
D) To assign a default gateway

A

Answer: B) To specify the IP address of the neighboring router

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14
Q

Which command configures a static route to network 192.168.1.0/24 via 10.1.1.1?
A) ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1
B) route add 192.168.1.0 10.1.1.1
C) set route 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 gateway 10.1.1.1
D) static-route 192.168.1.0/24 10.1.1.1

A

Answer: A) ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1

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15
Q

What is the maximum hop count for RIP?
A) 15
B) 16
C) 100
D) 255

A

Answer: A) 15

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16
Q

Which routing protocol is an exterior gateway protocol (EGP)?
A) OSPF
B) EIGRP
C) BGP
D) RIP

A

Answer: C) BGP

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17
Q

What is the purpose of a floating static route?
A) To provide a backup route with a higher AD
B) To encrypt routing updates
C) To load-balance traffic
D) To replace dynamic routing

A

Answer: A) To provide a backup route with a higher AD

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18
Q

Which command removes a static route from the routing table?
A) no ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1
B) delete route 192.168.1.0
C) clear ip route *
D) remove static-route 192.168.1.0

A

Answer: A) no ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1

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19
Q

Which of the following is a link-state routing protocol?
A) RIP
B) EIGRP
C) OSPF
D) BGP

A

Answer: C) OSPF

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20
Q

What is the purpose of a routing loop?
A) To improve network performance
B) To cause packets to circulate indefinitely
C) To encrypt routing updates
D) To load-balance traffic

A

Answer: B) To cause packets to circulate indefinitely

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21
Q

Which port does OSPF use for multicast communication?
A) UDP 520
B) TCP 179
C) IP Protocol 89
D) UDP 1701

A

Answer: C) IP Protocol 89

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22
Q

What is the default hello timer for OSPF on broadcast networks?
A) 5 seconds
B) 10 seconds
C) 30 seconds
D) 60 seconds

A

Answer: B) 10 seconds

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23
Q

Which command enables OSPF on a Cisco router?
A) router ospf 1
B) enable ospf
C) ospf enable
D) routing ospf

A

Answer: A) router ospf 1

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24
Q

What is the purpose of the EIGRP topology table?
A) Stores all possible routes known by EIGRP
B) Filters unauthorized traffic
C) Encrypts routing updates
D) Assigns IP addresses

A

Answer: A) Stores all possible routes known by EIGRP

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25
Which command displays OSPF neighbors? A) show ospf neighbors B) show ip ospf neighbor C) display ospf adjacency D) show ospf adjacency
Answer: B) show ip ospf neighbor
26
What is the multicast address used by EIGRP? A) 224.0.0.5 B) 224.0.0.6 C) 224.0.0.9 D) 224.0.0.10
Answer: D) 224.0.0.10
27
Which routing protocol uses the DUAL algorithm? A) RIP B) OSPF C) EIGRP D) BGP
Answer: C) EIGRP
28
What is the default administrative distance of EIGRP? A) 90 B) 100 C) 110 D) 120
Answer: A) 90
29
Which command configures a router ID for OSPF? A) router-id 1.1.1.1 B) ospf router-id 1.1.1.1 C) set router-id 1.1.1.1 D) ip ospf router-id 1.1.1.1
Answer: A) router-id 1.1.1.1
30
Which of the following is a classless routing protocol? A) RIPv1 B) RIPv2 C) IGRP D) EGP
Answer: B) RIPv2
31
What is the purpose of the passive-interface command? A) Prevents routing updates on an interface B) Enables encryption on an interface C) Assigns a default gateway D) Load-balances traffic
Answer: A) Prevents routing updates on an interface
32
Which command displays the EIGRP topology table? A) show eigrp topology B) show ip eigrp topology C) display eigrp routes D) show eigrp routes
Answer: B) show ip eigrp topology
33
What is the default hold-down timer for RIP? A) 30 seconds B) 60 seconds C) 180 seconds D) 240 seconds
Answer: C) 180 seconds
34
Which command redistributes static routes into OSPF? A) redistribute static B) redistribute static subnets C) ospf redistribute static D) import static
Answer: B) redistribute static subnets
35
Which routing protocol is best suited for large-scale enterprise networks? A) RIP B) OSPF C) EIGRP D) BGP
Answer: B) OSPF
36
What is the purpose of the auto-summary command in EIGRP? A) Enables automatic summarization at classful boundaries B) Disables route summarization C) Encrypts routing updates D) Load-balances traffic
Answer: A) Enables automatic summarization at classful boundaries
37
Which command enables EIGRP on a Cisco router? A) router eigrp 100 B) enable eigrp C) eigrp enable D) routing eigrp
Answer: A) router eigrp 100
38
What is the default administrative distance of RIP? A) 90 B) 100 C) 110 D) 120
Answer: D) 120
39
Which command displays RIP routing updates in real-time? A) debug ip rip B) show ip rip C) monitor rip D) display rip updates
Answer: A) debug ip rip
40
What is the purpose of the network command in OSPF? A) Assigns an IP address to an interface B) Enables OSPF on specific interfaces C) Configures a default route D) Load-balances traffic
Answer: B) Enables OSPF on specific interfaces
41
What is route summarization (route aggregation)? A) Combining multiple routes into a single advertisement B) Encrypting routing updates C) Filtering unauthorized routes D) Load-balancing between paths
Answer: A) Combining multiple routes into a single advertisement
42
Which command configures OSPF to advertise a default route? A) default-information originate B) ospf default-route C) ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 D) redistribute static
Answer: A) default-information originate
43
What is the purpose of a stub area in OSPF? A) To reduce routing updates by blocking external routes B) To encrypt OSPF packets C) To enable BGP routing D) To increase the OSPF hello timer
Answer: A) To reduce routing updates by blocking external routes
44
Which EIGRP packet type establishes neighbor adjacencies? A) Query B) Reply C) Hello D) Update
Answer: C) Hello
45
What is the successor route in EIGRP? A) The primary best path to a destination B) A backup route C) A static route D) A default route
Answer: A) The primary best path to a destination
46
Which command displays OSPF interface details? A) show ip ospf interface B) show ospf interfaces C) display ospf interface D) show interface ospf
Answer: A) show ip ospf interface
47
What is the purpose of the EIGRP variance command? A) To enable unequal-cost load balancing B) To encrypt EIGRP packets C) To disable automatic summarization D) To change the hello timer
Answer: A) To enable unequal-cost load balancing
48
Which routing protocol uses the BGP path attribute AS_PATH? A) OSPF B) EIGRP C) BGP D) RIP
Answer: C) BGP
49
What is the purpose of the OSPF DR (Designated Router)? A) To reduce multicast flooding on multi-access networks B) To encrypt OSPF packets C) To serve as a backup router D) To load-balance traffic
Answer: A) To reduce multicast flooding on multi-access networks
50
Which command configures EIGRP manual summarization? A) ip summary-address eigrp 100 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 B) eigrp summary 192.168.0.0/16 C) summary-route eigrp 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 D) ip eigrp summary 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0
Answer: A) ip summary-address eigrp 100 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0
51
What is the purpose of the BGP LOCAL_PREF attribute? A) To influence outbound traffic flow B) To encrypt BGP updates C) To establish neighbor relationships D) To enable route summarization
Answer: A) To influence outbound traffic flow
52
Which command displays BGP neighbors? A) show bgp neighbors B) show ip bgp summary C) display bgp peers D) Both A and B
Answer: D) Both A and B
53
What is the purpose of the OSPF area 0 (backbone area)? A) To connect all other OSPF areas B) To encrypt OSPF traffic C) To disable route summarization D) To filter BGP routes
Answer: A) To connect all other OSPF areas
54
Which EIGRP table contains all feasible successor routes? A) Neighbor table B) Topology table C) Routing table D) Adjacency table
Answer: B) Topology table
55
What is the purpose of the BGP WEIGHT attribute? A) Cisco-proprietary attribute to influence local routing decisions B) To encrypt BGP updates C) To establish neighbor relationships D) To enable route summarization
Answer: A) Cisco-proprietary attribute to influence local routing decisions
56
Which command enables BGP on a Cisco router? A) router bgp 65000 B) enable bgp C) bgp enable D) routing bgp
Answer: A) router bgp 65000
57
What is the purpose of the OSPF LSA (Link-State Advertisement)? A) To exchange routing information between OSPF routers B) To encrypt OSPF packets C) To disable OSPF on an interface D) To load-balance traffic
Answer: A) To exchange routing information between OSPF routers
58
Which command displays EIGRP neighbors? A) show eigrp neighbors B) show ip eigrp neighbors C) display eigrp adjacency D) show neighbors eigrp
Answer: B) show ip eigrp neighbors
59
What is the purpose of the BGP MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator) attribute? A) To influence inbound traffic flow from another AS B) To encrypt BGP updates C) To establish neighbor relationships D) To enable route summarization
Answer: A) To influence inbound traffic flow from another AS
60
Which routing protocol uses TCP port 179 for communication? A) OSPF B) EIGRP C) BGP D) RIP
Answer: C) BGP
61
What is the first step in troubleshooting routing issues? A) Check physical connectivity B) Reboot the router C) Disable all routing protocols D) Clear the routing table
Answer: A) Check physical connectivity
62
Which command verifies layer 3 connectivity to a destination? A) ping B) traceroute C) telnet D) Both A and B
Answer: D) Both A and B
63
What does a "*" symbol indicate in the routing table? A) The route is a candidate default B) The route is directly connected C) The route is learned via a routing protocol D) The route is inactive
Answer: A) The route is a candidate default
64
Which command clears OSPF routes and restarts the OSPF process? A) clear ip ospf process B) reset ospf C) reload ospf D) clear ospf database
Answer: A) clear ip ospf process
65
What is the most likely cause if a static route doesn't appear in the routing table? A) The next-hop IP is unreachable B) The router ID is misconfigured C) The routing protocol is disabled D) The interface is administratively down
Answer: A) The next-hop IP is unreachable
66
Which command displays detailed OSPF routing information? A) show ip ospf database B) show ospf details C) display ospf routes D) show ospf routing-table
Answer: A) show ip ospf database
67
What is the purpose of the debug ip routing command? A) To view real-time routing table changes B) To encrypt routing updates C) To disable dynamic routing D) To enable route summarization
Answer: A) To view real-time routing table changes
68
Which command displays the EIGRP topology table? A) show ip eigrp topology B) show eigrp routes C) display eigrp topology D) show topology eigrp
Answer: A) show ip eigrp topology
69
What does the "D" code represent in the routing table? A) OSPF route B) EIGRP route C) RIP route D) Static route
Answer: B) EIGRP route
70
Which command displays BGP routing table entries? A) show ip bgp B) show bgp routes C) display bgp table D) show routing-table bgp
Answer: A) show ip bgp
71
What is the IPv6 equivalent of OSPFv2? A) OSPFv3 B) EIGRPv6 C) RIPng D) BGP4+
Answer: A) OSPFv3
72
Which command enables IPv6 routing on a Cisco router? A) ipv6 unicast-routing B) enable ipv6 C) ipv6 routing D) ipv6 enable
Answer: A) ipv6 unicast-routing
73
What is the IPv6 equivalent of a default route? A) ::/0 B) ::1/128 C) FE80::/10 D) FF00::/8
Answer: A) ::/0
74
Which command configures an IPv6 static route? A) ipv6 route 2001:db8::/32 2001:db8::1 B) ipv6 static-route 2001:db8::/32 2001:db8::1 C) route ipv6 2001:db8::/32 via 2001:db8::1 D) set ipv6 route 2001:db8::/32 2001:db8::1
Answer: A) ipv6 route 2001:db8::/32 2001:db8::1
75
Which routing protocol is used for IPv6 by default in Cisco devices? A) RIPng B) OSPFv3 C) EIGRPv6 D) BGP4+
Answer: B) OSPFv3
76
What is the multicast address used by OSPFv3? A) FF02::5 B) FF02::6 C) FF02::9 D) FF02::A
Answer: A) FF02::5
77
Which command displays IPv6 routing table entries? A) show ipv6 route B) show route ipv6 C) display ipv6 routing D) show routing-table ipv6
Answer: A) show ipv6 route
78
What is the purpose of the IPv6 link-local address? A) Communication within the same subnet B) Global unicast communication C) Multicast routing D) Default routing
Answer: A) Communication within the same subnet
79
Which command enables EIGRP for IPv6? A) ipv6 router eigrp 100 B) ipv6 eigrp enable C) eigrp ipv6 100 D) router eigrp ipv6
Answer: A) ipv6 router eigrp 100
80
What is the IPv6 equivalent of RIPv2? A) RIPng B) OSPFv3 C) EIGRPv6 D) BGP4+
Answer: A) RIPng
81
What is route redistribution? A) Sharing routes between different routing protocols B) Encrypting routing updates C) Filtering BGP routes D) Disabling route summarization
Answer: A) Sharing routes between different routing protocols
82
Which command redistributes OSPF into EIGRP? A) redistribute ospf 1 metric 10000 100 255 1 1500 B) redistribute ospf into eigrp C) import ospf routes D) ospf-to-eigrp redistribution
Answer: A) redistribute ospf 1 metric 10000 100 255 1 1500
83
What is the purpose of a route map? A) To control route redistribution B) To encrypt routing updates C) To disable dynamic routing D) To enable route summarization
Answer: A) To control route redistribution
84
Which command displays redistribution settings? A) show running-config | section redistribute B) show redistribution C) display redistribute D) show route-map
Answer: A) show running-config | section redistribute
85
What is Policy-Based Routing (PBR)? A) Making routing decisions based on policies rather than destination B) Encrypting routing updates C) Disabling route summarization D) Enabling BGP routing
Answer: A) Making routing decisions based on policies rather than destination
86
Which command configures PBR? A) set ip next-hop in a route-map B) policy-based-routing enable C) ip pbr enable D) route-policy set next-hop
Answer: A) set ip next-hop in a route-map
87
What is the purpose of VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding)? A) To create multiple routing tables on a single router B) To encrypt routing updates C) To disable dynamic routing D) To enable route summarization
Answer: A) To create multiple routing tables on a single router
88
Which command displays VRF information? A) show vrf B) display vrf C) show ip vrf D) show running-config vrf
Answer: A) show vrf
89
What is the purpose of MPLS in routing? A) To improve packet forwarding using labels B) To encrypt routing updates C) To disable route summarization D) To enable BGP routing
Answer: A) To improve packet forwarding using labels
90
Which command displays MPLS labels? A) show mpls forwarding-table B) display mpls labels C) show labels mpls D) show running-config mpls
Answer: A) show mpls forwarding-table
91
What does a "C" code represent in the routing table? A) OSPF route B) EIGRP route C) Directly connected route D) Static route
Answer: C) Directly connected route
92
Which command displays detailed information about a specific OSPF route? A) show ip ospf route 192.168.1.0 B) show ip route ospf detail C) show ip route 192.168.1.0 D) debug ip ospf route
Answer: C) show ip route 192.168.1.0
93
What is the most likely cause if an EIGRP neighbor relationship fails to form? A) Mismatched AS numbers B) Incorrect IP address C) Different subnet masks D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
94
Which command resets all EIGRP neighbor adjacencies? A) clear ip eigrp neighbors B) reset eigrp all C) reload eigrp D) clear eigrp topology
Answer: A) clear ip eigrp neighbors
95
What does a "R" code represent in the routing table? A) OSPF route B) EIGRP route C) RIP route D) Static route
Answer: C) RIP route
96
Which command displays OSPF link-state database details? A) show ip ospf database B) show ospf lsdb C) display ospf database D) show ospf link-state
Answer: A) show ip ospf database
97
What is the purpose of the show ip protocols command? A) Displays all configured routing protocols B) Shows interface status C) Displays ARP table D) Shows BGP neighbors
Answer: A) Displays all configured routing protocols
98
Which command would you use to verify BGP peer status? A) show bgp summary B) show ip bgp neighbors C) display bgp peers D) Both A and B
Answer: D) Both A and B
99
What does the "S" code represent in the routing table? A) OSPF route B) EIGRP route C) Static route D) RIP route
Answer: C) Static route
100
Which command would help identify routing loops? A) traceroute B) show ip route C) debug ip routing D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
101
What is the IPv6 equivalent of EIGRP? A) EIGRPv6 B) OSPFv3 C) RIPng D) BGP4+ Answer: A)
EIGRPv6
102
Which command configures an IPv6 default static route? A) ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8::1 B) ipv6 default-route 2001:db8::1 C) set ipv6 route ::/0 via 2001:db8::1 D) ipv6 static-route ::/0 2001:db8::1
Answer: A) ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8::1
103
What is the purpose of the IPv6 address FE80::/10? A) Global unicast addressing B) Link-local addressing C) Multicast addressing D) Anycast addressing
Answer: B) Link-local addressing
104
Which command enables OSPFv3 on an interface? A) ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 B) ospfv3 enable area 0 C) ip ospf v3 1 area 0 D) enable ospf3 area 0
Answer: A) ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
105
What is the administrative distance of OSPFv3? A) 90 B) 100 C) 110 D) 120
Answer: C) 110
106
Which command displays IPv6 EIGRP neighbors? A) show ipv6 eigrp neighbors B) show eigrp ipv6 neighbors C) display ipv6 eigrp peers D) show neighbors ipv6 eigrp
Answer: A) show ipv6 eigrp neighbors
107
What is the IPv6 equivalent of "show ip route"? A) show ipv6 route B) show route ipv6 C) display ipv6 routing D) show routing-table ipv6
Answer: A) show ipv6 route
108
Which command enables RIPng on a Cisco router? A) ipv6 router rip RIPNG B) enable ripng C) ripng enable D) router ripng
Answer: A) ipv6 router rip RIPNG
109
What is the multicast address used by EIGRPv6? A) FF02::A B) FF02::5 C) FF02::6 D) FF02::9
Answer: A) FF02::A
110
What is the purpose of a distribute-list in routing protocols? A) To filter routes from being advertised or received B) To encrypt routing updates C) To disable route summarization D) To enable BGP routing
Answer: A) To filter routes from being advertised or received
111
Which command configures a distribute-list for OSPF? A) distribute-list 1 in under OSPF process B) ospf distribute-list 1 in C) filter-list 1 in D) route-filter 1 in
Answer: A) distribute-list 1 in under OSPF process
112
What is the purpose of route tagging? A) To identify routes for redistribution filtering B) To encrypt routing updates C) To disable dynamic routing D) To enable route summarization
Answer: A) To identify routes for redistribution filtering
113
Which command displays route maps configured on a router? A) show route-map B) display route-policy C) show running-config | section route-map D) Both A and C
Answer: D) Both A and C
114
What is the purpose of administrative distance in routing? A) To determine route preference when multiple protocols provide routes B) To encrypt routing updates C) To disable route summarization D) To enable BGP routing
Answer: A) To determine route preference
115
Which command would you use to modify BGP local preference? A) set local-preference 200 in a route-map B) bgp local-preference 200 C) default local-preference 200 D) ip bgp local-pref 200
Answer: A) set local-preference 200 in a route-map
116
What is the purpose of the BGP weight attribute? A) Cisco-proprietary metric to influence outbound traffic B) Standard metric to influence inbound traffic C) To disable route summarization D) To enable route redistribution
Answer: A) Cisco-proprietary metric to influence outbound traffic
117
Which command displays BGP path attributes? A) show ip bgp B) show bgp attributes C) display bgp paths D) show ip bgp paths
Answer: A) show ip bgp
118
What is the purpose of route dampening in BGP? A) To suppress unstable routes B) To encrypt BGP updates C) To disable route summarization D) To enable route redistribution
Answer: A) To suppress unstable routes
119
Which command enables BGP route dampening? A) bgp dampening B) bgp bestpath dampening C) route-map dampening D) ip bgp dampening
Answer: A) bgp dampening

cisco (16 decks)

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