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OSCE > RPD > Flashcards

RPD Flashcards

1
Q

EFFECTS OF TOOTH LOSS

A

alveolar resorption, tooth movement (drift), speaking effected (F sounds if anterior)

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2
Q

WHICH CRADDOCK CLASS WOULD A FREE END SADDLE BE

A

3 - both : as no teeth only mucosa at one end

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3
Q

WHAT ARE THE ONLY TEETH THAT CAN HAVE OCCLUSALLY APPROACHING CLASPS

A

molars

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4
Q

WHAT DISEASES CAN EFFECT DENTURES

A

rheumatoid arthritis - in/out
osteoporosis/ bisphosphonates - careful when planning extraction
xerostomia - need saliva to retain and makes uncomfy
neuromuscular disease - Parkinson’s - hard to retain
Mucosal disease

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5
Q

WHAT SHOULD YOU LOOK FOR WHEN EXAMINING INTRA-ORALLY FOR DENTURE PATIENT

A

residual ridges, mouth health, state of abutment teeth, missing teeth, soft tissues, denture bearing area, denture stomatitis

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6
Q

DEFINE SUPPORT

A

The resistance of the denture to occlusally directed load - what stops denture moving towards soft tissues - rests

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7
Q

DEFINE RETENTION

A

Resistance of denture to vertical displacement - lifting away from tissues and falling out - clasps

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8
Q

DEFINE INDIRECT RETENTION

A

resistance to rotational displacement

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9
Q

WHAT TO LOOK FOR WHEN ASSESSING SMILE

A 
lip support
smile line 
does occlusion line up 
state of teeth 
shade/ size/ shape 
visible denture components 
buccal corridors
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10
Q

CAUSES OF DENTURE STOMATITIS

A

continuous denture wearing, keeping in overnight, not washing them properly/regularly, salivary flow low, material, age of denture, smoking, diet, plaque pH

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11
Q

NEWTONS TYPE 1

A

Localised inflam, reasonable OH but dont remove denture at night

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12
Q

NEWTONS TYPE 2

A

Diffuse erythema involv part/all denture bearing area

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13
Q

NEWTONS TYPE 3

A

Long standing, inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

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14
Q

WHICH FUNGI CAUSES DENTURE STOMATITIS

A

CANDIDA ALBICANS

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15
Q

WHAT ARE STOCK TRAYS USED FOR

A

primary impressions only as they are standardised sizes so when we dont require precison

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16
Q

WHAT IS RED RIBBON WAX USED FOR

A

adjusting stock trays in primary impressions

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17
Q

WHEN IS COMPOUND MATERIAL USED

A

impressions
underneath alginate in free end saddles
mainly in mandible lingually

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18
Q

WHERE TO STAND WHEN TAKING UPPER IMPRESSION

A

behind

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19
Q

WHERE TO STAND WHEN TAKING LOWER IMPRESION

A

in front

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20
Q

HOW TO REMOVE IMPRESSIONS

A

finger into buccal sulcus

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21
Q

WHAT TO DO AFTER TAKING IMPRESSION

A

disinfect in perform 10 min
inspect
labelled bag w wet paper towel

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22
Q

WHY PUT AN IMPRESSION INTO BAG WITH WET PAPER TOWEL

A

so it doesn’t dry out and cause dimensional changes

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23
Q

WHAT DOES THE LAB DO WITH PRIMARY IMPRESSIONS

A

pour them into study casts

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24
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 TYPES OF GYPSUM AND THEIR PROPERTIES

A
  1. plaster - large irregular particles
  2. stone - small reg
  3. improved dental stone - small reg w chemicals to reduce expansion
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25
Q

HOW MUCH WATER USED FOR EACH TYPE OF GYPSUM

A
  1. plaster = 50ml
  2. stone = 25ml
  3. improved stone = 20ml
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26
Q

WHAT IS DENSITE

A

improved dental stone

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27
Q

WHICH MATERIAL IS USUALLY USED FOR STUDY CASTS

A

dental stone

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28
Q

WHAT DO YOU WRITE ON THE LAB CARD AFTER PRIMARY IMPRESSIONS

A 
my name 
patient name 
patient unit number 
tick that cross infection procedures have been followed 
which material you want casts poured in 
ask for individual (custom) trays, PU/PI light cure acrylic with wax spacer and extraoral handle 
date of next appointment 
signature of supervising clinician
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29
Q

WHEN WOULD YOU DO A JAW REGISTRATION

A

primary jaw registration - when cant hand articulate casts

after final impressions

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30
Q

WHEN DO YOU USE WAX WAFER

A

during jaw registration between the casts to see if teeth meet during jaw registration

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31
Q

WHAT POSITION DO YOU REGISTER THE JAW IN

A

intercuspal (ICP)

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32
Q

WHEN ARE PRIMARY RECORD BLOCKS REQUIRED

A

when the casts cannot be hand articulated

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33
Q

WHY WOULD THE JAW REGISTRATION BE INACCURATE WHEN USING PRIMARY RECORD BLOCKS

A

not enough wax removed in saddle areas

too much registration medium used

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34
Q

WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES WHEN JAW REISTRATION IS INNACURATE

A

inaccurate vertical dimension
no freeway space
mounted inaccurately

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35
Q

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OVD AND RVD

A

occlusal vertical dimension is with the teeth in occlusion and resting vertical dimension they aren’t, RVD has freeway space

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36
Q

METHOD OF MEASURING OVD / RVD

A

mark dot on non-moving areas on chin and nose and the use a protractor to then measure with a ruler the distance between them

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37
Q

HOW ARE PRIMARY RECORD BLOCKS MADE

A

Record OVD
try in upper record block and adjust
same with lower
both in and measure OVD - should be same

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38
Q

WHAT IS AN ARTICULATOR

A

metal hinged device which lets you reproduce movements of the two jaws in relation to eachother, represents TMJ and both jaws

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39
Q

WHICH POSITION SHOULD CASTS BE MOUNTED IN

A

ICP - arbitrary position

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40
Q

WHAT IS A SURVEYOR

A

paralleling instrument to identify, analyse and mark max contours of teet and soft tissues for dental casts

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41
Q

WHAT IS THE AIM OF A SURVEYOR

A

to establish suitable path of insertion

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42
Q

WHAT IS THE PATH OF DISPLACEMENT

A

the path at which the denture is dislodged by food

commonly at 90 derees to occlusal plane

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43
Q

WHAT IS THE PATH OF INSERTION/REMOVAL

A

the path that the denture will be removed and inserted into the mouth
path from denture first contact with the teeth to it being fully seated
common or altered

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44
Q

WHY DO YOU USE TRIPOD LINES WHEN SURVEYING

A

so the POI/R can be relocated at a separate time

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45
Q

HOW IS A GRAPHITE MARKER USED

A

with tip at gingival margin

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46
Q

WHAT DOES THE SURVEY LINE SHOW

A

the extend of the undercut

line is at the bulbosity

47
Q

WHAT CAN YOU DO WITH UNDERCUTS

A

use / eliminate by blocking out or altering POI

48
Q

WHAT ARE ADVANTAGES OF ALTERING THE POI

A

eliminate undercuts
provide retention
improve appearance by closing gaps

49
Q

HOW DOES ALTERING THE POI INCREASE RETENTION

A

guide planes are different to the POD

50
Q

HOW MUCH OF THE CLASP WILL ENGAGE THE UNDERCUT AND WHY

A

final third - so it can flex on and off

51
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 UNDERCUT GAUGES

A

CoCr = 0.25mm
wrought stainless steel = 0.5mm
gold = 0.75mm

52
Q

WHAT STEPS SHOULD BE DONE BEFORE STARTING RPD DESIGN

A

initial assessment and convo, primary impressions, study casts made, surveying and the POI chosen

53
Q

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OPEN AND CLOSED SADDLES

A

open is when saliva can flow through between the saddle and the abutments - closed cant (better retention but less clean)

54
Q

DEFINE SUPPORT

A

resistance of the denture to occlusal load, prevents the denture dislocating towards soft tissues

55
Q

WHICH STAGE OF DENTURE DESIGN HAS TO BE ON EACH SIDE OF THE ARCH

A

support (rests)

56
Q

WHAT IS THE ORDER OF DENTURE DESIGN

A 
saddles 
support
retention
indirect retention
connectors
review and simplify
57
Q

CRADDOCKS CLASSES

A 
1 = tooth
2 = mucosa 
3 = both
58
Q

WHEN CHOSING SUPPORT (RESTS) WHAT SHOULD YOU CONSIDER

A

abutments - size, shape, periodontal condition
root length
occlusion
aesthetics
saddle - size, position, mucosa condition

59
Q

ADVANTAGES OF OCCLUSAL RESTS

A

can prevent over-eruption of unopposed teeth
give indirect retention
aesthetics

60
Q

WHEN DOES A SADDLE REQUIRE MORE THAN 2 RESTS

A

when a bounded saddle as more than 3 teeth missing

61
Q

DEFINE RETENTION

A

retention is the resistance to vertical dislodging forces and stops the denture falling out the mouth

62
Q

WHICH COMPONENTS CAN GIVE RETENTION

A 
clasps 
major connector 
minor connector 
adhesion - salivary suction
engaging soft tissue undercuts (flange)
composite to create undercuts 
friction - multiple saddles
altered POI
guide surfaces 
precision attahcments/implants
muscle control
62
Q

WHICH COMPONENTS CAN GIVE RETENTION

A 
clasps 
adhesion - salivary suction
engaging soft tissue undercuts (flange)
composite to create undercuts 
friction - multiple saddles
altered POI
guide surfaces 
precision attachments/implants
muscle control
63
Q

HOW LONG SHOULD CLASPS BE

A

15mm CoCr

7mm SS

64
Q

3 PARTS OF RPI CLASP SYSTEM

A

M rest
proximal guide plate D
I-bar clasp

65
Q

HOW DOES AN RPI SYSTEM WORK

A

when forces are applied the prox plate and I-bar move downwards and forwards and the M rest remains in place - this is rounded to facilitate these movements

66
Q

HOW DO GUIDE SURFACES PROVIDE RETENTION

A

when they are very close to denture,

when both abutments in a bounded saddle have paralell guide surfaces

67
Q

DEFINE INDIRECT RETENTION

A

resistance to rotational displacement

68
Q

WHICH COMPONENTS GIVE INDIRECT RETENTION

A 
rests 
major connector 
minor connector 
saddle 
denture base
69
Q

WHAT IS RECIPROCATION

A

a form of bracing used in dentures to prevent the active part of a clasp actin as an orthodontic appliance

70
Q

WHAT IS BRACING

A

many components which stop denture moving laterally

71
Q

FUNCTION OF MAJOR CONNECTOR

A

to connect all components

be rigid

72
Q

TYPES OF MAJOR CONNECTOR

A

plate
bar/strap
horseshoe
ring - upper only

73
Q

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF BAR USED IN LOWER DENTURE MAJOR CONNECTORS

A

sub-lingual, lingual, dental

74
Q

HOW MUCH SPACE DO YOU NEED FOR A LINUAL BAR

A

8mm
3mm from ging margin
4mm for bar
1mm for away from functional floor of mouth

75
Q

WHY CAN A PLATE BE THINNER THAN A BAR

A

as its bigger it can keep rigidity whilst thinner (2mm vs 0.5mm)

76
Q

MINOR CONNECTOR RULES

A

cross ging margin at right angles
finish above survey line
don’t use lots and create loads of windows

77
Q

WHAT GOES ON RPD DESIGN LAB CARD

A

draw design with colour on arches
write : saddles/support/retention on…
which connector
don’t write indirect retention

78
Q

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MOUTH PREPARATION BEFORE MASTER IMPRESSION

A 
initial prosthetic treatment 
pre-prosthetic treatment 
periodontal treatment 
tooth prep by addition or removal 
endo /fixed pros prep 
ortho
79
Q

WHAT IS INITIAL PROSTHETIC TREATMENTS

A

to existing prosthetics - treat denture stomatitis / adjust the occlusion

80
Q

WHAT IS PRE PROSTHETIC SURGERY

A

remove teeth / frenums / residual roots / pathologys

improve contours of edentulous areas

81
Q

WHAT ORTHODONTIC TREATMENTS NEEDED BEFORE MASTER IMPRESSION

A

adjust abutments - tilting / inclined

make irregular gaps more normal

82
Q

WHAT ARE FIXED PROS TREATMENTS BEFORE MASTER IMPRESSIONS

A

can do crowns with specific guide planes

83
Q

WHAT TOOTH PREP MAY BE DONE PRIOR TO MASTER IMPRESSIONS

A

rest seats - should 1mm thick in occlusal
guide planes - 2 parallel is beneficial, 3mm vertically
add composite to create undercuts/cingulums

84
Q

WHY DO WE NEED CUSTOM TRAYS

A

for master impressions - accurate to patients mouth as made from primary impressions cast

85
Q

WHERE ARE YOU LIKELY TO NEED TO USE GREENSTICK IN MASTER IMPRESSIONS

A

lower lingually
flanges
posterior seal of hard palate

86
Q

WHAT MATERIALS CAN BE USED FOR MASTER IMPRESSIONS

A

alginate / PVS / polyether

87
Q

WHEN TAKING LOWER IMPRESSIONS WHERE DO THE THUMBS GO

A

under the mandible

88
Q

WHAT IS WRITTEN ON THE LAB CARD AFTER TAKING MASTER IMPRESSIONS

A

please pour casts in improved dental stone and then replicate them in 100% dental stone
also wax record blocks with shellac with wire strengthener in lower

89
Q

WHAT ARE THE 2 NON-ELASTIC COMPOUND MATERIALS

A

greenstick and red ribbon wax

90
Q

WHICH MATERIAL IS AN ADDITION SILICONE

A

poly vinyl siloxane (PVS)

91
Q

WHICH MATERIAL IS AN IRREVERSIBLE HYDROCOLLOID

A

alginate

92
Q

WHY IS ALGINATE GOOD FOR IMPRESSIONS

A

flexes - undercuts

93
Q

WHY MUST YOU CHOSE THE MASTER IMPRESSION MATERIAL AFTER PRIMARY IMPRESSIONS

A

so that the correct wax spacer can be used when making the custom trays on the study casts

94
Q

HOW MUCH WAX SPACER IS NEEDED FOR ALGINATE

A

3mm / 2 layers of wax

95
Q

WHY IS A MASTER IMPRESSION TAKEN

A

to produce a master cast
to use custom tray
as chnages might have been made since primary cast so for accuracy
can duplicate to use at later stage

96
Q

WHEN DO YOU TAKE A MASTER IMPRESSION

A

after denture design and all mouth prep

97
Q

WHAT IS THE FIT SURFACE

A

surface of impression tray which captures the teeth

98
Q

WHAT STEP MUST YOU TAKE BEFORE TRYING IN SOMEONES MOUTH PROS FROM THE LAB

A

disinfect

99
Q

WHEN DO YOU DECIDE AND THEN TELL LAB ABOUT THE TOOTH SHADE/SHAPE YOU WOULD LIKE FOR A RPD

A

decide tooth shade/shape during master impressions and send on lab card

100
Q

WHAT TO CHECK WHEN YOU RECIEVE A METAL FRAMEWORK FROM THE LAB

A

patient name
framework fits cast
cast isn’t damaged
articulator pin on table

101
Q

WHEN DO YOU REQUEST A METAL FRAMEWORK TRIAL WITH RECORD BLOCKS

A

to register the occlusion
when there isn’t many teeth or the anteriors are missing
if not go straight to framework with tooth trial in wax

102
Q

METAL FRAMEWORK TRY IN FAILURE CAUSES

A

fits cast and not patient = impression error

fits damaged cast = bad design/undercut blocking out, clasps too thick,

103
Q

WHAT THINGS SHOULD YOU CHECK WHEN DOING A TOOTH TRIAL IN WAX

A

patient name, check framework over again, tooth shade, shape, position, occlusion, speech, aesthetics

104
Q

WHY DO WE RECORD THE OCCLUSION

A

so there is a record of it
to help the technician set up the teeth
to identify rest seat areas
to control change if planning on changing it
to ensure a stable denture
to know position of teeth in relation to each other
to know whats normal for the patient

105
Q

WHEN IS OCCLUSION RECORDED

A

cant hand articulate primary casts
cant hand articulate master casts
with the CoCr framework

106
Q

HOW TO REGISTER THE OCCLUSION

A

OVD with and without record blocks should be the same

wills bite gauge / dividers(protractor)

107
Q

WHAT ARE REFERENCE POINT WHEN ADJUSTING THE OCCLUSION

A 
ala tragus line - posterior plane 
interpupillary line - guide for incisal plane 
dento-facial midline - if ant saddle 
lower lip curvature 
smile line 
previous dentures
108
Q

WHY IS ACRYLIC PONTICS BETTER THAN PORCELAIN

A

harder - less brittle / silent in use / chemically bonded

porcelain only mechanically bonded

109
Q

WHAT SHOULD BE ASSESSED ON FINAL DENTURE

A

occlusion, fit, smooth, aesthetics, correct design, pin on table
anterior flange/post periphery thin edges to blend
OVD same
denture finished above survey lines
polished only on non impression surface

110
Q

INSTRUCTIONS WHEN GIVING PATIENT A DENTURE

A 
pain is normal but if severe stop wearing until a few days before appointment 
clean it twice a day 
remove at night and keep in water 
the POI/R
eating and speaking will be a bit hard at first 
increased salivary production 
how to cope
risks of not maintaining it
111
Q

HOW TO MIX PMMA

A

24g powder polymer to 10ml liquid monomer

112
Q

PROBLEMS WITH DENTURE AFTER DELIVERY

A

the base - ulcerated areas/frenum’s/overextended
abutment morbidity
retention - clasps / overextended into sulcus
patient acceptance - varies
occlusion - heavy contact
vertical dimension - reduced/increased

OSCE (14 decks)

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