RQs Flashcards
1
Q
CTE Resin
A
14-50
2
Q
CTE almagam
A
22-28
3
Q
: Most Cariogenic?
A
Sucrose ; S. Mutans adheres to (non shedding surface) bioflim on tooth by converting sucrose into an extremely adhesive substance called dextran polysaccharid.
4
Q
: What helps in carious process but it is not the primary inititator for caries:
A
Lactobacillus
5
Q
Which race has most caries in kid population?
A
Hispanics
6
Q
CTE GIC
A
10.2-11.4
7
Q
CTE Human Dentin
A
8.3
8
Q
If you have pain, what would be the hardest to anesthetize?
A
Irreversible pulpitis and mandibular
mand molar > Mand pm > max molar > max pm
9
Q
Chronic periradicular abscess indicates:
A
necrotic pulp
10
Q
calcium hydroxide is contraindicated in pulpotomy in a child because it causes
A
irritation leading to resorption in primary teeth
11
Q
In a primary tooth w/ apical infection the first radigrapoh sign is where?-
A
in the furcation.
12
Q
Most common medication for pulpectomy/pulpotomy?
A
FOROMCRESOL
13
Q
CTE Human Enamel
A
11.4
14
Q
CTE Porcelin
A
12
15
Q
CTE lowest to highest
A
Dentin (8.3) > GIC (10.2-11.4) > Human Enamel (11.4) >Porcelin (12) > Resin (14 - 50) > Amaglam ( 22-28) > Resin ( 14- 50 )
16
Q
Did pulpotomy in a 7 yr old’s pulp exposed decayed tooth #30 why?
A
To allow completion of root formation (apexogenesis)
17
Q
______: Create an apical barrier in a necrotic tooth with an open apex.
A
Apexification
Induce a calcified apical barrier by placing dense calcium hydroxide paste after the instrumentation. Canals are obturated when barrier is formed in 3–6 months.
18
Q
____ : Vital pulp therapy performed to allow continued physiologic development and formation of the root.
A
Apexogenesis
Place calcium hydroxide over the radicular pulp stump. Recall every 3 months to check for pulpal status. RCT is indicated when the root development is completed.
19
Q
apexification is done :
A
(non vital teeth with MTA),
20
Q
pulpectomy is done:
A
pulpectomy (ZOE if apex is not closed in primary teeth) in pedo patients.
21
Q
Bisposy of PARL s/p RCT shows: neutrophils, plasma cells, nonkeratanized stratified epithelieum (islands of), and fibrous connective tissue, likely dx?
A
granuloma
22
Q
Extraradicular biofilm theory recommends endo with:
A
irrigate and debride
mechanochemical irrigation and debridement of the canal
23
Q
Pt is 13 years old and has a non-vital maxillary central. The apex is still open what do you
A
Apexification
24
Q
Avulsion of tooth with open apex ; EDT <60min tx? (or kept in soln)
A
Clean tooth w/saline
Irrigate socket w/saline
Gently replant
Stablize with FLEX splint 1 wk ( or min mobility)
Follow up apt for pulp vitality/root development
If vitality doesnt not return -> Apexififcation
Avulsion – 7-10 days non rigid splint, antibiotics
25
Avulsion of tooth with closed apex ; EDT <60min tx?
| or kept in soln
```
Clean tooth w/saline
Irrigate socket w/saline
Gently replant
Stabilize with FLEX splint 1 wk ( or min mobility)
RCT at time of splint removal
```
Avulsion – 7-10 days non rigid splint, antibiotics
26
Which material is least cytotoxic for perforation repair?
MTA
27
: If tooth has open apex, and it gets avulsed, how you close it?
You use MTA.
28
Most important factor about avulsed tooth –
Time
29
Avulsion of tooth with closed apex ; EDT 60+ min tx?
Dont reimplant
30
Reason for failure of replantation of avulsed tooth:
external resorption
31
Indications for apico surgery:
When an apical portion of canal cannot be cleaned, persistent apical pathology after RCT, apical fracture, overextension.
32
contraindication for CaOH: Pulp symptomatic for last month..
Pulp symptomatic for last month..
33
Tx for Traumatic pulp exposure on max incisor that root has not completed formation?
Apexogenesis
34
: Sodium hypochlorite is used for everything except?
Chelation ( 17% EDTA is the chelator- removes smear/inorganic amterail)
NaOCl ( 5.25% bleach irrigation germicidal- dissolves organic tissue)
35
Tx for horizontal root fx
Rigid splint for horizontal root fractures 3 months
36
Patient intrudes mature maxillary incisor- tx?
Trauma causing deep intrusion to a permanent tooth causes PULP NECROSIS and conventional RCT is necessary. 96%
37
Avulsion of tooth with open apex ; EDT 60+ min tx?
Dont reimplant
38
:Biggest reason for failure of RCT –
faulty cleaning of the canals
39
How you manage tooth with external root resorption
b. Instrument and put CaOH
| do CaOH every 3 months until PDL is healthy then complete RCT
40
QUESTION: Most common cell in necrotic pulp?
PMN cells
41
Ankylosis (aka: –
replacement bone formation ; replacement resorption
42
: Inflammatory external root resorption? What do you do?
ENDO- RCT
43
Internal resorption ass w/ all except –
- radiography is symmetrical with the pulp space,
- can resorb all the way to the PDL,
- treatment option is observe until resorption stops, -resorb to create pink tooth
observe until resorption stops,
44
root canal failed on upper canine -
lack of seal
| bad shaping/cleaning
45
Most common cause of RCT failure is
2nd most common cause is
inadequate disinfected RC,
poorly filled canals.
3rd lack of straight-line access
46
Incomplete removal of bacteria, pulp debris, and dentinal shavings is commonly caused by failure to irrigate thoroughly. Another reason is failure to
C. obtain a straight line access.
47
T/F. GP adheres to canal walls
False. needs sealer
48
QUESTION: First thing do with periapical abscess? `
Incise and drain, IF fluctuant
49
Which of the following conditions indicates that a periodontal, rather than an endo
Pain to lateral percussion with a wide sulcular pocket
50
T/F: There usually is no lesion apparent radiographically in acute apical periodontitis. However,
T/F. histologically bone destruction has been noted.
TRUE
TRUE
51
Mandibular second molars, followed by mandibular first molars and maxillary premolars are the most commonly affected teeth of
cracked tooth (vertical)
52
How to dx a horizon rt fx?
multpile vertical agulated xrays
53
Horizontal Root Fracture more common in ,
anteriors
*the success and healing of horizontal root fractures is the immediate reduction of the fractured segments and the immobilization of the coronal segment (12 weeks)*
54
Horizontal root fx tx?
splint/ reduce & immobilize
55
RDT IS
2MM
REMAINIG DENTINAL THICKNESS
56
Most critical for pulpal protection
ANS.
Remaining dentin thickness (2mm)
57
What will not regenerate after RCT: dentin formation, cementum, PDL, alveolar bone
DENTIN
58
sym apical period vs.
| acute apical abscess
diff is you will feel a bump has fluid (abcess)
59
What can tell best indicator about caries risk:
past caries history
least likely to predict future caries = Amount of sugar intake
60
T/F. Formation of of reparative dentin can occur as a result of successful rct
FALSE
61
Histogram is used to show
varience
62
Idiopathic sclerosis
Idiopathic osteosclerosis, also known as enostosis or dense bone island, is a condition which may be found around the roots of a tooth. It is usually painless and found during routine radiographs. It appears as a radiopaque (light area) around a tooth, usually a premolar or molar.
63
```
AGE : <0.3 pmm
0-6mo : ________
6mo-3y: ________
3yr- 6y: ________
6y-16y : ________
```
0-6m0 = None
6mo-3y = 1/2 dropful [0.25mg / 0.5 ml ]
3y - 6y = 1 dropful [0.5mg f / 1ml]
6-16 = 2 dropfuls [ 1mg F / 2ml]
for 0.3- 0.6 ppm
( push down 2- none(0-6) none(6-3) ; .5 and 1 for older]
64
What is the Rule of 6's ?
No Fl supplementation if :
- Fl lvl in drinking water is >0.6ppm
- Pt is < 6mo old
- Pt is > 16 yo
65
Rule of 5's
```
5mg/kg = toxic
5G = lethal for adult
```
66
Macroglossia seen is which conditions ( tell me the except too)
```
Down syndrome,
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome,
primary amyloidosis,
congenital hypothyroidism.
EXCEPT HYPER THYROID
```
67
Most interproximal decay happens where? –
Just under the contact.
68
When do you restore a lesion? –
When there is cavitation
69
: Which population has the most number of UNRESTORED caries:
black
70
: Recent survey, what kind of stats on caries?
a. More root caries
Best dx/indicator is soft
71
What’s the characteristic of a remineralized tooth? ≈
Darker, harder, more resistant to acid
black, dark, opaque
72
3 factors that affect caries initiation?
substrate, bacteria, host susceptibity
73
Type 2 error
Type II Error- accepting a false null hypothesis. This is a beta error. Another way to say this is, to this is, to reject a null that should be accepted.
more dangerous medically ex: a patient is dx as HEALTHY when they actually have the HIV.
74
A __1_____, also known as a ______2____ or a mediator variable, can adversely affect the relation between the independent variable and dependent variable. This may cause the researcher to analyze the results incorrectly. The results may show a false correlation between the dependent and independent variables, leading to an incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis.
1. confounding variable
| 2. third variable
75
______ is a hypothesis which the researcher tries to disprove, reject or nullify.
The null hypothesis (Ho)
The 'null' often refers to the common view of something, while the alternative hypothesis is what the researcher really thinks is the cause of the phenomenon
76
______1____ are used to reduce possibility of any other factor influcencing changes changes in the dependent variable, known as _____2______.
1. Controlled variables
| 2. confounding variables.
77
rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true. OR to reject a null that should be accepted.
Type 1 Error
This is an alpha error. less dangerous in terms of research
78
Two common VARIABLE..what statistical test would you use?
chi-test
79
to reject a null that should be accepted is a
type 2 error
aka : accepting a false null hypothesis. This is a beta error.
80
What represents the variability about the mean-value of a group of observations?
Standard deviation
81
Biggest difference across cultures regarding pain...
variability in pain tolerance rather than pain threshold,
82
“if test determines those who do not have the disease it is testing
specificity
83
Specificity =
sensitivity =
SPecificity = (without disease) aka true negative Pure
sensitivity = (with disease)
84
______ is when number of people likey to get disease in given time
Incidence
Incidence – new cases
85
specificity equation
tn / tn + fp
86
Sensitivity equation
Sensitivity – tp / tp + fn
87
True Negative in terms of dx:
| False positive in terms of dx:
1. Those who are ACTUALLY disease free
| 2. Those that are misdiagnosed as not as being disease free
88
For a population, the research divides the number of disease cases by the number of people. By so doing, this investigator will have calculated which of the following rates?
c. prevalence
Prevalence – all cases
89
Type I Error
rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true. This is an alpha error. Another way to say this is, to reject a null that should be accepted.
90
What parameter study lets you have a risk quotient?-
Cohort
91
Analyze statistical difference between two means?
T-test
92
T/F. In a double blind study you need two controls
FALSE you dont
93
which type of study determines relative risk ratio:
Cohort
94
Dentist potential for abuse not likely due to
Vulnerability
95
Who makes the MSDS?
manufacturer
96
HAZARD COMMUNICATION LAW: what does it control?
sharps, blood, amalgam
created by OSHA
97
________: to see if the means of two groups are statistically different if the variances like standard deviation are known. Large sample size.
Z test
98
Steam Autoclave:
20 minutes at 121C and 15 psi.
99
Where would you look in a scientific journal to find the dependent and independent variables
Methods
100
Disinfectants placed on _____ ; and kills _______
```
non-living / inanamate surface
kills mycobacterium (benchmark organism) - but not bacterial spores
```
bacterial spores
101
what sterlizes by Denaturation of the proteins -
...by Coagulation of proteins -
alcohol and autoclave;
dry heat
102
________ is the best film to visualize the condyles, condylar neck, and rami
Towne's View
103
T/F. American disabilities act does not include HIV.
False
104
In 1997 there was a program which stated that all childrens needed dental coverage even with no insurance
Children’s Health Insurance Program
105
Proper order for treatment planning:
emergency care, disease control, reevaluation, definitive treatment, maintenance care
106
What is necessary for a test to be accurate:
validity
107
Which are the two most imp. steps for diagnosis:
History and clinical examination
108
Dentist codes for two separate fillings, but insurance changes it to only one
downcoding
109
What is not associated with bilateral swelling?
sialolithiasis
110
Who is protected under Americans with disabilities act?
AIDS pt. and accommodate the handicapped
111
Tongue blade therapy is used for correction of what?
skeletal anterior
112
Pterygomandibular raphe consists of (2)
superior constriction and buccinator
113
In the past 15 years, what has been increasing?
root caries
114
Worst impression material for final prosthesis
irreversible hydrocolloid
115
What is true about periodontal maintenance interval
increasing perio maintenance intervals may be necessary if it will help with compliance
116
What’s a long-lasting anesthetic?
bupivicaine
117
What disease has melanotic pigmentation?
Addison's dz
118
Primary tooth that is intruded 6 mm, what should you do?
Ortho
* <3mm = let re-erupt
up to 6mm = ortho
>7mm = surgery
119
During operative procedures an increase in pulpal temperature of more than _____ may cause potentially detrimental effects to pulpal health
6 degrees C
120
Which has the best prognosis for root amputation?
Divergent roots with furcation coronal
121
“Ghost cells”
keratinized calcifycing odontogenic cyst
122
Neurofibromatosis clinical presentations:
Café au lait,
lisch nodules,
neurofibromas
123
Philadelphia chromosome (chromosomal translocation)
CML – Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia runs a variable course (older patients may survive years
124
Most common type of leukemia in children?
. ALL ( Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia)
125
Most common salivary gland tumor:
```
Pleomorphic adenoma (Benign)
Mucoepidermoid ( Malignant)
```
126
Most common salivary gland tumor:
```
Pleomorphic adenoma (Benign)
Mucoepidermoid ( Malignant)
```
127
Orange stains typically means:
- Poor oral hygiene ( typically on ant teeth)
128
Brown tooth stains typically means:
Associated with poor oral hygiene and drinking dark-colored beverages
129
Yellow-brown stains =
Associated with chlorhexidine and stannous fluoride, may be difficult to remove
130
Black colored tooth stains =
Black - Usually occurs as thin lines on the cervical one third of tooth, found in healthy mouths, and often associated with consumption of iron and insoluble ferric sulfide
131
Green and yellow stains =
poor oral hygiene and chromogenic bacteria
| Uually occurs on anterior teeth
132
Bluish-green stains =
Usually occurs due to occupational exposure of metallic dust
133
Dark brown and black tooth stains =
Associated with tobacco products
134
petit mal seizures looks like:
Transient loss of consciousness that lasts for five to thirty seconds - may exhibit minor motor movements of the eyes, head, or extremities
135
tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures look like :
| demonstrate activity that lasts for one to three minutes. The patient may experience
an aura and loss of consciousness. The tonic-clonic movements may cause an interruption of respiration and loss of bladder or bowel control.
136
______ is the primary cause of root surface caries.
Actinomyces viscosus
137
Complex partial (psychomotor) seizures :
may be preceded by an aura with transient clouding of the consciousness. These patients have behavioral alterations and purposeless, repetitive movements.
138
Types of Jacksonian sx =
( simple/complex/ part evolv to gen)
involve one side of brain at onset
139
APAP OD
N- Acetylcistine
140
Benzo OD
FUmazenil
141
Epi reversal
Phenoxybenzamine
142
Max lido in kids
4.4mg/kg
143
Max epi in cardiac
0.04 mg/kg
144
Amphetamines cause release of?
NE
145
Sunbrust
Osteosarcoma
146
Blue scleara
DI /OI
147
Ghost Teeth
regional odontodiplasia
Casper only scares ppl in his region
non herediatry
148
Bubbles/ honey comb
Odontogenic myxoma
Myxy take Bubble baths while eating honey
149
GRnaular cell tumore
congential epulis
150
Build of GAGs and mucopolysacarides
Hunter- hulers
Hunter gags and hurls when he see mucous
151
Most common malignant MAJOR salivary tumor
Muco-epidermoid carinma
Major Sal is very dangerous he kills ppl wiht MUCOs
152
Most common malignant MINOR salivary tumor
ACC - adenoid cystic carcinoma
153
No rubber dam on class 2 - leakage when?
2-4 weeks
154
Acid in GI
Polyacylic acid
155
Lute with resin in all ceramci why?
strongest bond of crown to tooth
156
easiest cement to remove post procedure?
zinc phosphate
| PH 3.5 - causes pulp sensity
157
Cement compoenet that contribute to adhesion
polyCarboxylic acid
158
more color stabilty in which compostite
light cure vs [vs self] b/c TEG-DMA
159
IRM =
IRM ( temp material)
| Zinc Oxide Eugenol mixed with MMA (or polyMMA)
160
IN home bleach uses what?
Carbomide peroxide 10%
161
In office bleaching uses?
H2O2 @ 35%
162
Most common interanl bleaching soln?
Sodium Perborate
163
Most common complication w/ internal bleaching
cervical external root respotrion
164
Bechet's produces waht lesions?
Apthous Ulcers
165
Early sign of cavernous sinus thrombosis ?
BLurred vision
166
MOst common cause of turner tooth?
Trauma
tuners's hypoplasia of enamel
167
kid w/ hiv
candidiasis
168
fastest growing tumor v v
Pyogenic granuloma
