Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Respiratory Therapy student 210-230 > RT210: Introduction to & Applied Respiratory Theraputics ( study guide ) > Flashcards

RT210: Introduction to & Applied Respiratory Theraputics ( study guide ) Flashcards

(67 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

SMI- Sustained maximal inhalation ( Incentive spirometry ) INDICATION

A

Improve atelectasis
Prevent atelectasis
Mobilize secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

INCENTIVE SPIROMETRY CONTRAINDICATIONS

A

patient unable to cooperate
patient unable to follow instruction
patient unconscious
patient unable to take deep breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

INCENTIVE SPIROMETRY HAZARDS

A

ineffective unless preformed correctly
hyperventilation
barotrauma
discomfort secondary to pain
fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

INCENTIVE SPIROMETRY PROCEDURE

A

slow deep inspiration
inspiratory hold
relaxed exhalation
volume of gas move should be IC
coaching
frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

INCENTIVE SPIROMETRY PATIENT EVALUATION

A

patient must be ALERT
COOPERATIVE
Physically able to increase IC greater than Vt
Should be 3 times predicted Vt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

IPPB- PRIMARY INDICATIONS

A

If patient has inadequate VC to facilitate a cough
VC less than 3 times predicted VT
VC less than 15ml/kg of ideal body weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

IPPB-SECONDARY INDICATIONS

A

Deliver medication
improve I:E ratio
improve cough and mobilize secretions
alter V/Q
improve or prevent atelectasis
decrease CO2 temporarily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS OF IPPB

A

untreated closed pneumothorax
( below are considerations )
hemodynamic instability
TB, can increase air trapping
Widespread blebs or bulla
may cause or worsen hemoptysis
may cause pneumothorax
tachypnea
decreased cardiac output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

IPPB HAZARDS

A

barotrauma, increase ICP
nosocomial infection
hypocarbia, hyperventilation
tachypnea, decrease CO
gastric distention, Cause or worsen hemoptysis
impedance of venous return
air trapping, O2 induced hypoventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

IPPB PHYSIOLOGIC EFFECTS

A

increase intrapulmonary pressure
decrease venous return, decrease CO
mechanical bronchodilation, alter I:E ratio
alter V/Q, mobilization of secretion
increase PaO2 and decrease PaCO2
decrease WOB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF BIRD MARK 7

A

positive pressure ventilator, pneumatically powered, pneumatically driven, single circuited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CLASSIFICATION BIRD MARK 7

A

Modes ( assist, assist control, control ) pressure cycled, flow limited, flow pattern, pressure pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CLASSIFICATION BIRD MARK 7

A

internal resistance, principle of operation
SPECIFICATION; flow is variable and adjustable, venturi/venturi gate, air mix controller, nebulizer, pressure, sensitivity, expiratory timer, circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

HUMIDITY

A

water in a gaseous state, water vapor, molecular water in gas, potential humidity, saturated, Absolute Humidity, Relative Humidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

HUMIDIFICATION INDICATIONS ( primary )

A

humidifying dry medical gases
overcoming humidity deficit created when the upper airway is bypassed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

HUMIDIFICATION INDICATIONS ( secondary )

A

treating bronchospasm caused by cold air, thick copious or bloody secretions, with expired tidal volume less than 70% of the delivered tidal volume, receiving in-line drugs etc….

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

HAZARDS AND COMPLICATIONS OF HUMIDIFICATIONS

A

potential electrical shock, potential for burns to caregivers, underhydration and mucous impaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF INADEQUATE HUMIDIFICATION

A

atelectasis, dry nonproductive cough, increase airway resistance, increased work of breathing, patient complaint of substernal pain and airway dryness, thick dehydrated secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

PRINCIPLES GOVERNING HUMIDIFIER FUNCTIONS

A

Temperature, surface area, contact time, thermal mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

BLAND AEROSOL THERAPY INDICATIONS

A

treat upper airway edema, overcome heat and humidity deficits in patients with tracheal airways, help obtain sputum specimens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

AEROSOL

A

water particles suspended in air, particulate water in a gas, mist, fog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

AEROSOL HAZARDS

A

adverse effect of aerosol drug therapy, infection, airway reactivity, Systemic effects of bland aerosols, Drug concentration changes during nebulization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

FACTORS AFFECTING AEROSOL

A

Deposition
Inertia
Gravity
Diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

POSTURAL DRAINAGE INDICATIONS

A

mobilize accumulate secretions due to ( COPD, Dehydration, Acute pulmonary disease )
Prophylactically( history of pulmonary problems )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
POSTURAL DRAINAGE CONTRAINDICATION
empysema, flail chest, wounds, spinal injuries, pneumothorax, head injuries, unstable cardiac status, COPD, obesity, pregnancy, recent meals or tube feeding, PE
26
HAZARDS CPT
hypoxemia, increase ICP, acute hypotension, pulmonary hemorrage, pain or injury to muscle, vomiting and aspiration, dysrhythmias
27
Right Upper Lobe
apical anterior posterior
28
Right Middle Lobe
medial lateral
29
Right Lower Lobe
superior anterior basal lateral basal posterior basal
30
Left Upper Lobe
anterior apical - posterior superior lingula inferior lingula
31
Left Lower Lobe
superior anterior medial lateral basal posterior basal
32
PERCUSSION INDICATIONS
When difficult to mobilize secretions, when postural drainage alone may not be effective
33
PERCUSSION CONTRAINDICATIONS
empysema, flail chest, wounds, frank hemoptysis, anticoagulant therapy, pain or patient intolerance, TB, metastasized cancer
34
VIBRATIONS(used with percussion or alone) INDICATIONS
after each segment with percussion to move secretions in large airways, alone when percussion is not tolerated
35
INDICATIONS FOR OXYGEN THERAPY
treat hypoxemia, decrease the work of breathing, decrease myocardial work
36
HAZARDS OF OXYGEN THERAPY
oxygen toxicity, absorption atelectasis, oxygen induced hypoventilation, Retrolental Fibroplasia-RLF-ROP-retinopathy of prematurity
37
INDICATIONS FOR LOW FLOW DEVICES
Patients Vt 300-700ml, Respiratory rate lower than 25 BPM, Consistent regular ventilator patterns
38
FACTORS INFLUENCING FIO2
patients venilatory pattern, flow of gas, reservoir
39
FIO2 IS
unpredictable immeasurable may vary from minute to minute
40
LOW FLOW DEVICES
nasal cannula, nasal catheter, simple O2 mask, partial rebreather mask, non rebreather mask
41
HIGH FLOW SYSTEMS
meets all patients demands for gas delivered, total system output must be at least 3 times patients minute volume, consistent predictable measurable FIO2
42
USE OF ANALYZERS
to analyze high flow systems, patients may not receive FIO2 analyzed if flow is not adequate, used in measuring mechanical ventilation
43
CALIBRATION
Greater than 60% - Calibrate last to 100% Less than 60% - Calibrate last to 21% Should be calibrated once per shift
44
CALIBRATION Possible sources of error:
Weak batteries Torn, wet, or leaky membranes Positive pressure (PEEP or IPPB) Altitude
45
Avogadro’s Law
1 gram of any substance has 6.02 x 1023 known as a mole 1 mole of a gas at STP = 22.4 Liters
46
PRESSURE
PB = Barometric Pressure 760 mmhg 14.7 PSI 1034 cmH2O
47
Water vapor (or humidity) exerts pressure
PH2O at 100% humidity at body temperature = 47 mmhg
48
Dalton’s Law
Individual partial pressures = Total Pb = PN2 + PO2 + P trace gases
49
Concentrations of Gases in the Air
Oxygen 20.95% Nitrogen 78.08% Argon 0.93% Carbon Dioxide 0.03% Trace Gases 0.01%
50
Ideal Gas Law
If mass is constant then P1V1 = P2 V2 T1 T2
51
Boyle’s Law
If temperature and mass are constant, volume and pressure are inversely proportional. P1V1 = P2 V2
52
Charles’ Law
If pressure and mass are constant, temperature and volume are directly proportional. V1 = V2 T1 T2
53
Gay-Lussac’s Law
If volume and mass remain constant, pressure and temperature are directly proportional. P1 = P2 T1 T2
54
Tank duration
Tank Pressure x tank Factor/Liter Flow= min Tank Factors: E Cylinder = 0.28 G Cylinder = 2.41 H Cylinder = 3.14 EX: E cylinder has 2200 PSI and your pt. is on 5L NC. How long will this cylinder last. Always round down To determine hour divide min/60
55
Cylinder testing
every 5- 10 years water displacement measured to check for expansion with 5/3 maximum pressure
56
Henry and Graham Law
Henry Law (0.003 x PaO2) Graham Law (1.34 x Hgb x SaO2) Total O2 Content CaO2 = (0.003xPaO2) + ( 1.34 x Hgb x SaO2)
57
Oxygen Carried Two Ways
Dissolved Combined with hemoglobin
58
Hypoxemia
Deficiency of oxygen in the arterial blood. Causes of Hypoxemia: Decreased alveolar oxygen tension: Alveolar air equation, Intrapulmonary shunting
59
Responses to Hypoxemia
Increased ventilation Increased cardiac output
60
Hypoxia
Decreased oxygen to the tissues.
61
Hypoxia TYPES
Hypoxemic Hypoxia or Ambient Hypoxia Anemic Hypoxia or Hemic Stagnant Hypoxia or Circulatory Hypoxia Histotoxic Hypoxia
62
CO2 IS TRANSPORTED IN THE BLOOD BY
dissolved gas, (2) bicarbonate, and (3) carbaminohemoglobin bound to hemoglobin
63
Ventilation
air movement in and out of the lungs to allow external respiration to occur.
64
Respiration
gas exchange across a permeable cellular membrane
65
External respiration
gas exchange between alveolar gas (AIR) and capillaries (BLOOD)
66
Internal respiration
gas exchange between capillaries and the tissues.
67
Normal Ventilation Pressures
Inspiration Intrapleural= (-9 cmH2O) Intrapulmonary= (-3 cmH2O) Expiration- Intrapleural= (-5cmH2O) Intrapulmonary= (+3 cmH2O)

Respiratory Therapy student 210-230 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions