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Flashcards in RTC: Road Traffic Collisions Deck (49)
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1
Q

Extraction can be divided into what two categories?

Two answers

A
Immediate release (extraction)
—
Controlled release (extraction)
2
Q

Why do the police often call the LFB to attend RTCs?

Three answers

A
Clear away debris
—
Wash down contaminants 
—
Removal of casualties from their vehicles
3
Q

What are the two phases of LFB operational procedure, that occur at an RTC?

Two answers

A
Phase 1
Safety and scene assessment
Initial assessment of casualty
Stability
Glass management 
Tool preparation 
—
Phase 2
Space creation
Full access to casualty
Casualty immobilised and extricated
4
Q

After the scene has been assessed for potential hazards, the appliances should be parked in what position?

A

A ‘fend off’ position, to create a safe working area and provide protection from oncoming vehicles

5
Q

Which appliance should be parked closest to the RTC incident?

A

The FRU appliance

6
Q

Should appliances have their lighting switched on or off?

A

On, providing warning to other road users

7
Q

List nine hazards associated with RTCs?

Nine answers

A
Vehicle contents
—
Fuels
—
Stability
—
Sharp metals
—
Hot metals
—
Carbon fibres
—
Plastics
—
Electric and battery acids
—
Air bags
8
Q

What three factors are found at all RTCs where people are trapped in their vehicles?

Three answers

A

The presence of a casualty requiring urgent hospitalisation

Difficulty in gaining access to the casualty

Restricted space in which to work

9
Q

What are the four types of glass fixings in cars?

Four answers

A
Rubber seal
—
Bonded
—
Hinged
—
Sliding
10
Q

What should be done before disconnecting the vehicle battery, which should be done at the earliest opportunity?

Four answers

A
Lower all electric windows
—
Move seats, if electric
—
Operate sunroof, in convertible cars
—
Use any other electrically operated ancillary equipment
11
Q

When disconnected, where should the car battery be placed?

A

In a position where it cannot accidentally come into contact with the battery terminals

12
Q

The LFB currently attends how many RTCs a day?

A

An average of 10

13
Q

At RTCs, how can time be saved off the ‘golden hour’, to speed up rescue operations?

Three answers

A

Setting up a tool dump while the vehicle is being stabilised

Managing the vehicle glass as the shut lines are opened

Opening the door using a Combi tool, while the roof is removed with the sabre saw

14
Q

What does ‘golden hour’ mean?

A

Refers to the likelihood that medical attention received in that initial hour of the incident, will prevent the death of a casualty who has suffered a traumatic injury

15
Q

When would firefighters need to perform an immediate release?

Six answers

A
A medical requirement 
—
Fire
—
Submerged in water
—
Toxic atmosphere
—
Hazardous materials
—
Police directive
16
Q

Name some key parts of the car when referring to RTCs?

Three answers

A
Car posts
A post - attached to windscreen
B, C, D, E posts - the joints between windows working from front to back
—
Sill
Runs along the bottom of the vehicle
—
Shut lines
Gaps where the vehicles doors shut against the bodywork
17
Q

When working with cutting tools, firefighters should work in groups of two. What are the roles of each person?

Two answers

A
Tool Operator
Consider the plan of action
Inform the IC if the plan changes
—
Second Firefighter
Responsible for assisting the Tool Operator
Looking for hazards
Providing hard protection between the cutting tools and the casualty
18
Q

For effective space creation, what should firefighters do?

Five answers

A

Make sure stability is correctly thought about

Keep equipment in a safe area (tool dump)

Place all debris in the correct area (debris dump)

Keep exit routes clear when extricating casualties

Keep clear of the inner zone when not required

19
Q

What is created when laminated glass is cut?

A

Dust, which can become a hazard, so when possible, the glass should be left in place

20
Q

What are the three main types of glass found in car windows?

Three answers

A
Laminated
Normally found in the front screen
—
Toughened
Normally used for the side windows and sometimes in the rear window
—
Perspex
Not that common, but can be found in some security vehicles
21
Q

What can be used to stabilise a vehicle?

A

Blocks and wedges

22
Q

What are the two safety zones that should be created on arrival to an RTC?

Two answers

A
Inner Circle
Minimum of 2m around the vehicle
—
Outer Circle
Minimum of 5m around the vehicle
23
Q

What should all firefighters wear when attending an RTC?

A

High visibility clothing, and full PPE

24
Q

Generally at an incident, what do each of the emergency services deal with?

Three answers

A
LFB
Deals with rescues, fires, fire prevention, and hazardous materials
—
Police
Control traffic and monitor scene safety
—
Ambulance
Responsible for the treatment and care of any injured people
25
Q

What are the three main types of seatbelt pre-tensioner?

Three answers

A
Compressed spring
—
Pyrotechnic
—
G force limiter 
—
They work in conjunction with airbag sensors
26
Q

Which programme was established in 1997 to improve the car occupants’ safety during an accident?

A

The European New Car Assessment programme (Euro NCAP)

27
Q

Name the main types of devices and systems, used to protect. The vehicles occupant during an accident?

Seven answers

A
Airbags
—
Seatbelt pre-tensioners
—
Rollover protection systems (ROPS)
—
Side impact protection systems (SIPS)
—
Whiplash protection systems (WHIPS)
—
Decoupling foot pedals
—
Crash deploying roll bars
—
Telescopic bumpers
28
Q

What can be found inside vehicle posts, to act as an insulator against noise, and increase the strength of the vehicle frame?

A

Structural foam

29
Q

What does SRS stand for?

A

Supplementary Restraint System

30
Q

Where are rollover protection systems found?

A

Modern convertible cars

An onboard computer will deploy the roll bar when necessary

31
Q

At what speeds can airbags deploy at?

A

Excess of 200mph

32
Q

What is the 5-10-20 rule of thumb, in relation to airbags?

A
Side airbags - 5”
—
Driver airbags - 10”
—
Passenger airbags - 20”
33
Q
Describe the air lifting unit airbags that are available on appliances (not FRU)?
—
Weight capacity, material, minimum lift
—
Six answers
A

Two per set - one set on each appliance

12 tonne capacity

Made of anti-static rubber, reinforced with Kevlar

Burst pressure is 5 times the safe working load

Marked with a yellow cross to indicate the position for maximum lift

Maximum lift of 175mm per bag

34
Q

What is the maximum lift of air lifting unit airbags on appliances?

A

175mm

35
Q

How long is the hydraulic hose for the rapid intervention set, and what is it’s working pressure?

A

5m non kink hose

Working pressure of 680-720 BAR

36
Q
Describe the Power Unit (PPU) of the rapid intervention set?
—
Fuel needed, pressure, weight
—
Four answers
A
Petrol engine and hydraulic pump
—
Runs on unleaded petrol - lasts for 4 hours when full
—
Operates between 680-720 BAR
—
15.5kg
37
Q

Sharp edge cover sets consist of what, and how many?

Five answers

A
Four post covers
—
Two medium blankets fitted with removable magnets
—
One large blanket fitted with removable magnet
—
One windscreen cover
—
One steering wheel SRS restraint
38
Q
Describe the portable generator available on all appliances?
—
Power, how many outlets
—
Three answers
A

Four stroke, petrol driven portable generator

110v

Two outlets protected by residual circuit breakers

39
Q

What electrical equipment can be used in conjunction with the portable generator?

Four answers

A
Splitter box - allows a single cable to be split into 4
—
Electrical cable reel - two 30m reels
—
Portable lighting
—
Tripods
40
Q

What three items are included in the air lifting unit set?

Three answers

A
Two air bags
—
A control unit
—
One red, one blue, two black hoses
41
Q
Describe the disc cutters that are available on appliances?
—
Disc size, voltage needed, usage
—
Four answers
A
125mm disc
—
Powered from 110v AC supply
—
Six spare discs in the yellow pouch
—
Only for use on metals
42
Q
Describe the combi tool?
—
Maximum spread, cutting, pulling force, weight
—
Six answers
A
Maximum spreading force of 20 tonnes
—
Maximum cutting force of 38 tonnes at base of jaw
—
Maximum pulling force of 5 tonnes
—
Maximum spread at jaw tips 320mm
—
15kg
—
Spring loaded twist grip control
43
Q
Describe the sabre saw, found on all appliances?
—
Powered using, what it cuts
—
Four answers
A
Powered from 110v AC power supply
—
Three position orbital action control
—
Will cut most metal, wood, and plastic materials
—
Length of stroke 30mm
44
Q

What is the pre attendance of an RTC?

A

An FRU and two appliances

45
Q

What is the test frequency of the air lifting unit?

Four answers

A
On acceptance
—
After use
—
Monthly
—
Annually by PEG
46
Q

What is the test frequency of the disc cutters?

Four answers

A
On acceptance
—
After use (wipe off with dry cloth and oil)
—
Weekly
—
Annually (by service provider)
47
Q

What is the test frequency of the portable generator?

Three answers

A
On acceptance
—
After use (check fluid levels and clean)
—
Weekly (visual and load test)
48
Q

What is the test frequency of the sabre saw?

Three answers

A
On acceptance
—
After use (wipe off with dry cloth and oil)
—
Weekly
49
Q

What feature does the power unit of the rapid intervention set have, to release pressure that can build up in the hydraulic hose?

A

Holmatro pressure relief tool