Rules Flashcards
Accusative:
Masculine animate
Hard constant ending:
Add A
Soft consonant:
Add E
Example:
Johna; lososa; mrože
Accusative:
Examples:
Bílá káva becomes…
Bílou kávu
Why?
Rule- it’s Accusative with a feminine ending. Drop the a from the adjective and replace with OU. Drop the a from the noun and replace with U.
Accusative:
Example.
Uzený losos becomes…
Uzemý mroži becomes…
Uzeného lososa
Uzeného mrože
Why?
Losos: it’s accusative; its masculine animated with hard consonant; therefore drop last letter of adjective and replace with EHO; add A to noun.
Mroži: it’s accusative; its masculine animate with soft consonant; therefore drop last letter of adjective and replace with EHO; add E to noun
Accusative:
List steps and rules:
- Is there an accusative noun?
- Look at gender and ending of the noun
- If Fem:
A changes to U
E changes to I - If Masculine Animate:
Nouns ending in hard consonants - add A
Nouns ending in soft consonants- add E.
Note: Neutral nouns or masculine inanimate STAY the SAME
Accusative:
Example:
Dobrý kamarád a velký dům becomes…
Mám dobrého kamaráda a velký dům
Why?
Kamarad is a masculine animate noun
With a hard consonant. Therefore add A to noun; drop last letter of adjective and replace with EHO.
Dům is masculine BUT it is INANIMATE. Therefore this noun and adjective before it stays the same.
Accusative:
Example:
Dobrá kamarádka a chytrá šéfka becomes …
Dobrou kamaradku a chytrou šéfku
Why?
Kamaradka and Sefka are feminine nouns. They both end with A. Replace the A with a U. Then drop last letter of each adjective and replace with OU.
Accusative:
Example:
Velký dům a malé auto becomes…
Stays the same!
Why?
Because dum is masculine inanimate. Auto is neutral. Therefore stays the same
Accusative:
Example:
Velká věž (ie tower) becomes…
Mám velkou věž
Why?
Věž is actually a feminine noun with a soft ending. Therefore the noun stays the same but the adjective changes just like all other feminine adjectives (ie drop the last letter and replace with OU)
Accusative
Feminine ending:
A becomes U
E becomes I
Eg kávu; rýži
Location- V and VE
What are the rules?
Generally:
Feminine- if the location ends in A, switch it with an E.
Those ending in E, switches to I
Masculine- add a U
Neutral- if it’s ends in O, switch it with an E.
H- replace the H with a Z. Eg Praha would become Prahe and then Praze.
Location:
Example:
I was at the cinema-
Byl jsem v kině
Ie- kino is neutral. Change O to Ě
Location:
Example:
Give examples of Masculine, Feminine and Neutral
Jsem v Baru
Jsem v Pivovaru (M, so add a U)
Nebyl jsem v banke. Byl jsem v ulici Anežka
Byl jsem v hospodě. Nebyl jsem v domě. (Fem, ends in A. Switch A for E).
Byl jsem práci (Fem, ends in E. Switch E for I)
Byl jsem kině. Byl jsem divadle. (Neutral- o becomes e)
Accusative- That
Ten, Ta, To. What do they become in connection with accusative nouns?
Ten- Stays TEN for masculine inanimate.
But changes to TOHO for masculine animate.
Ta- becomes TU
To- stays the same, TO
Accusative: THAT
Example:
Ten Velky Uzeny Losos becomes…
Toho velkého uzeného lososa.
Why?
1. Losos is masculine animate. Therefore TEN becomes TOHO.
2. Add A at the end of the Noun.
3. Drop the last letter of the adjective and add EHO.
4 keep the EHO language consistent for all adjectives in the sentence.
Accusative- THAT
Example:
That Big, good, coffee is mine!
Tu velkou, dobrou, kávu je moje.
Why?
- Feminine noun. Drop the a and replace with U.
- The adjectives now need to end with an OU.
- For THAT used with accusative- when feminine, replace the TA with TU.
- Moje because you use Moje (mine) with feminine words.
Accusative- THAT
Example:
That old, expensive table is yours.
Ten starý, bohatý stůl je tvůj.
Why?
- Stul (table) is masculine INANIMATE. Therefore the noun and adjective stays the same.
- Ten (that) stays the same for all masculine inanimate words.
- Tvuj (yours) is used for masculine words.
Tense- Past
Example:
Last night I drank water
Včera jsem pil vodu
nB: In the past, Jsem should come before the Verb.
Tense- Future
Example:
Tomorrow I will wake up at 8am.
Zítra Budu vstavávat v 8 hodin
Nb:
- Future use BUDU
- Use the ROOT of the verb
- Don’t use Jsem- as BUDU references ME.
Tense- Today
Example:
Today I eat goulash
Dnes jím guláš.
- Jim is I cook.
- Use the JIM; JIŠ; jíte etc form
For current. - Do t use JSEM as the person is already referred to in JIM etc.
Location-UP, DOWN etc
Eg. Near
Blízko
Location- UP, DOWN etc
Eg. Left
Vlevo
Location: Up, down etc
Eg. Inside
Uvnitř (“oov-nitch”)
Location- up, down etc.
Eg. Front
Vpředu
Location- up, down etc.
Eg. Here
Tady
