Russian Grammar 1

Question 1

This is / these are

Answer 1

Это

Question 2

Here is /here are

Answer 2

Тут

Or

Вот

Question 3

Russian Word used to point things far away

Answer 3

Там

Question 4

And

Answer 4

И

Question 5

But / and ( for slight contrast)

Answer 5

а

Question 6

What’s 7 letters spelling rule

Answer 6

After consonantsг, к, х, ж, ш, щ, чdo not write the letterы. Whenever an [ы] or [и] sound

follows one of these letters, it is spelledи. This is called7-letter spelling rule.

Question 7

What letters indicate the preceding consonant is hard?

Answer 7

!

а о у э ы- indicate that the preceding consonant ishard .

And ъ after prefixes

Question 8

What letters indicate that the preceding consonant is soft?

Answer 8

я ё ю е иandь- indicate that the preceding consonant issoft

Question 9

What are vowels reduction rules 1 and 2?

Answer 9

Vowel Reduction Rule 1

In the first syllable before the stress the letterоsounds likeа

Vowel Reduction Rule 2

Anywhere after the stress and more than one syllable before the stress о & а are pronounced like short а

Question 10

What are vowels reduction rules 3 and 4 ?

Answer 10

Vowel Reduction Rule 3 :

In the first syllable before the stress the lettersе, яare pronounced like и

Vowel Reduction Rule 4 :

Anywhere after the stress and more than one syllable before the stressе,яare pronounced kind of like э

Question 11

The lettersя, ё, ю, еrepresent what sounds after ( soft ) consonants?

Answer 11

[а, о, у, э] respectively

Question 12

When are The lettersя ё ю е pronounced as two sounds [йа, йо, йу, йе]?

Answer 12

after ь and ъ :
объект

after a vowel :
Россия

At the beginning of the word:
ёлка

Question 13

What is the 5 consonants spelling rule?

Answer 13

The 5 Consonant Rule.Afterш ж щ ч цwriteoif that syllable is accented andeif it is not, e.g. в большом хоршем доме “in a big nice house”.

Question 14

What is the hush spelling rule?

Answer 14

The Hush Rule. after hushes (ш ж щ ч) never writeяorюbut alwaysаandу.

Question 15

What

Answer 15

Что

Question 16

In order to

Answer 16

Чтобы

Question 17

Masculine

Answer 17

Мужской

Question 18

Feminine

Answer 18

Женский

Question 19

Neuter

Answer 19

Средний

Question 20

He ( replaces any masculine noun)

Answer 20

Он

Question 21

She (replaces any feminine noun)

Answer 21

Она

Question 22

It ( replaces any neuter noun)

Answer 22

Оно

Question 23

They (replaces any plural noun)

Answer 23

Они

Question 24

When to use это?

Answer 24

For identifying things and people for first time ,then we can refer to them again using (он, она , оно , они)

Question 25

What are the normal hard stem endings of nouns in nominative singulars of : masculine, feminine and neuter?

Answer 25

Hard ending for masculine singular nominative is with a consonant. Hard ending for feminine singular nominative is "а". Hard ending for neuter singular nominative is "о"

Question 26

What are the normal soft stem endings of nouns in nominative singulars of : masculine, feminine and neuter?

Answer 26

For masculine : "й" or "ь". For feminine : "я" or "ь" For neuter : "е" or "ё"

Question 27

How to find the plural nominative of a masculine singular with a hard stem?

Answer 27

By adding "ы" to the ending | Журнал - дурналы

Question 28

How to find the plural nominative of a feminine singular with a hard stem?

Answer 28

By replacing the stem ending "а" with "ы" | Лампа - лампы

Question 29

How to find the plural nominative of a neuter singular with a hard stem?

Answer 29

By Replacing the stem ending "о" with "а" | Письмо - письма

Question 30

How to find the plural nominative of a masculine singular with a soft stem?

Answer 30

By replacing the "й" or "ь" ending with "и" Музей - музеи Словарь - словари

Question 31

How to find the plural nominative of a feminine singular with a soft stem?

Answer 31

By replacing the "я" or "ь" ending with "и" Песня - песни Дверь - двери

Question 32

How to find the plural nominative of a neuter singular with a soft stem?

Answer 32

By replacing the "е" or "ё" ending with "я" Ружьё - ружья Платье - платья

Question 33

How to deal with nouns ending in "ок" or "ец"?

Answer 33

They lose their endings "о" or "е" whenever an ending is added

Question 34

what are the Nominative personal pronouns ?

Answer 34

``` Я = i Ты = you Он = he Она = she Оно = it Они = they Мы = we Вы = you (plural/ formal) ```

Question 35

Where

Answer 35

Где

Question 36

Too / also

Answer 36

Тоже Я тоже студент

Question 37

What are the suffixes -иц -ниц combined with "а" used for?

Answer 37

For forming feminine from masculine nouns. Певиц - певица Учитель - учительница

Question 38

Something

Answer 38

Что-то

Question 39

Someone

Answer 39

Кто-то

Question 40

So / therefore

Answer 40

Так

Question 41

What is the difference between transcription and transliteration in Russian language studies?

Answer 41

Transliteration is the representation of Russian letters by English ones . Transcription is the representation of their "sounds" phonetically.

Question 42

Which Russian letters are always soft? (Unpaired)

Answer 42

Ч / щ / й

Question 43

Which Russian letters are always hard ? (Unpaired)

Answer 43

Ц / ш / ж

Question 44

What gender is most likely for a noun ending (и, у ,ю ) ?

Answer 44

Neuter . | And it's most likely a foreign borrowing

Question 45

How to conjugate feminine nouns ending anything other than (а ,я, ь)?

Answer 45

If feminine nouns don't end in (а ,я ,ь ) they are indeclinable.

Question 46

What are the possible endings for infinitives in Russian?

Answer 46

Most Russian infinitives end in -ть | Few end in -чь , -ти.

Question 47

What are the conjugations of знать type verbs in present?

Answer 47

``` Я знаю = I know Ты знаешь = you know Он ,она, оно знает = he ,she , it knows Мы знаем = we know Вы знаете = you know (plural/ formal) Они знают ,= they know ```

Question 48

What are the conjugations of говорить type verbs in present?

Answer 48

Я говорю = i speak Ты говоришь = you speak Он , она , оно говорит = he , she , it speaks Мы говорим = we speak Вы говорите = you speak ( plural/ formal) Они говорят = they speak

Question 49

What is an "ехать" Verb Type and how to conjugate their present forms?

Answer 49

It is kind of a variant of знать verbs type ,but have a different unpredictable stem compared to The infinitive and are conjugated the same but have endings -у after я , and -ут after они ``` Ехать: Я еду = i go (by transport) Ты едешь = you go Он , она , оно едет = he ,she , it goes Мы едем = we go Вы едете = you go (plural / formal) Они едут = they go ``` If the "е" in a verb ending is stressed it becomes "ё". Жить : ``` Я живу Ты живёшь Он , она , оно живёт Мы живём Вы живёте Они живут ```

Question 50

When do verbs have "ё" in their endings?

Answer 50

If the "е" in a verb ending is stressed it becomes "ё".