S1. 4 Economic developments Flashcards
(30 cards)
Through the prompt payment of the F_____ i________ and the inflationary effect of the c______ r____ in 18__ provided easy credit for industrial growth.
Through the prompt payment of the French indemnity and the inflationary effect of the currency reform in 1871 provided easy credit for industrial growth.
18__ currency r____ -> replaced the currency of the different German L_____ to one system of coinage, which was backed by g___, had the effect of injecting ___ million Marks into the Germna economy -> caused a mild inflation and made it easier for entrepreneurs to borrow money to invest
1871 currency reform -> replaced the currency of the different German Lander to one system of coinage, which was backed by gold, had the effect of injecting 762 million Marks into the Germna economy -> caused a mild inflation and made it easier for entrepreneurs to borrow money to invest
Until 18__, the economy grew at an a_____ rate of _%
Until 1873, the economy grew at an annual rate of 5%
Between 18__ -19__, Germany’s industrial production ________ and by 19__, Germany stood alongside B______ and the USA as one of the world’s leading industrial nations.
Between 1890-1914, Germany’s industrial production tripled and by 1914, Germany stood alongside Britain and the USA as one of the world’s leading industrial nations.
Output of c___ (millions of tonnes):
18__: 2.4
18__: 1__.
191_: __1.5
Output of coal (millions of tonnes):
1871: 29.4
1890: 109.3
1913: 191.5
Growth of the railway lines (kilometres):
18__: 2,00 (2,___)
18__: 3,00 (3,___)
18__: 4_,00 (4,___)
19__: __,000
Growth of the railway lines (kilometres):
1871: 21,500 (21,457)
1880: 33,800 (33,838)
1890: 42,900 (42,869)
1913: 63,000
Output of s____ (millions of tonnes):
1__1: 0._
18__: _.2
19__: __.9
Output of steel (millions of tonnes):
1871: 0.2
1890: 2.2
1913: 17.9
In areas like : R___, S___ and S_____ - there was a new abundance of c____.
In areas like : Ruhr, Saar, Silesia- there was a new abundance of coal
Germany had geographical advantages like n______ r____ (like the R____ and E___) and the broad and flat n______ p____ which suited the construction of the new _______
Germany had geographical advantages like navigable rivers (like the Rhine and Elbe) and the broad and flat northern plain which suited the construction of the new railways
In 18__, there were more science graduates in M____ University than all the English universities combined.
In 1870, there were more science graduates in Munich University than all the English universities combined.
In 18__, 4_ new banks were formed in Prussia, including the Dres_____ Bank and the Deu___Bank.
In 1872, 49 new banks were formed in Prussia, including the Dresdener Bank and the Deutsche Bank.
Number of cartels:
18__: _
18__: _0
19__: __0
19__: __0
Number of cartels:
1875: 8
1887: 70
1900: 300
1911: 600
In 18__, only _ million tonnes of s_____ a___ were being produced world wide, yet by 19__, Germany alone produced 1,___,000 tonnes.
In 1878, only a million tonnes of sulphuric acid were being produced world wide, yet by 1907, Germany alone produced 1,402,000 tonnes.
The German m______ m____ grew to ____ times that of the USA, but still remained only a _____ of the size of the B_____ m______ navy.
The German merchant marine grew to three times that of the USA, but still remained only a quarter of the size of the British merchant navy.
A_______ production rose from __,000 tonnes (18___) to ____,000 tonnes (19__)
Ammonia production rose from 84,000 tonnes (1897) to 287,000 tonnes (1907)
The production of e______ e____ increased by ___% between 19__-19___, and Germany e____ l____ became more c______ and horse-drawn carts were being gradually replaced by e______ t______.
The production of electrical energy increased by 150% between 1901-1915, and Germany electric lights became more common and horse-drawn carts were being gradually replaced by electric trolleys.
By 19__, Germany controlled ____ the world’s t____ in e_____ .
By 1913, Germany controlled half the world’s trade in electrics .
Germany exported £___ million worth of e_____ goods, whilst Britain and the USA only exported £_ million put together.
Germany exported £11 million worth of electrical goods, whilst Britain and the USA only exported £8 million put together.
Name 4 key motor industries.
Daimler, Diesel, Benz and Mercedes
By 19__, __% of the population were employed by the a_______ industry (_x as many as Britain)
By 1907, 35% of the population were employed by the agriculture industry (4x as many as Britain)
_ million acres of v____ land was t____ to accommodate to the g______ and increasingly u_______ population.
4 million acres of virgin land was tilled to accommodate to the growing and increasingly urbanised population.
By the early __th century, Germany was producing ___ million tones of p____ per y____ (a tonne for every adult German)
By the early 20th century, Germany was producing 40 million tones of potatoes per year (a tonne for every adult German)
T_____ were implemented by the government from 18___ to help farmers by preventing foreign c______ of cheap R______ and American g____.
Tariffs were implemented by the government from 1879 to help farmers by preventing foreign competition of cheap Russian and American grain.
What year was agricultural tariffs lowered and by whom? And then when were they raised again and by whom?
1890s - Caprivi.
1902 - Bulow
