S2_L2: Functional Training

Question 1

The safe act of moving or pattern of movements of a person from one surface or location to another or from one position to another.

Answer 1

Transfer

Question 2

TRUE OR FALSE: Endurance training is one of the preparatory activities prior to functional training.

Answer 2

True

Even though transferring is done in a short span of time, the patient must have good endurance to be able to tolerate the training better.

Question 3

TRUE OR FALSE: The primary responsibility of PT in transfers is to position ourselves to guard, guide, direct, and protect the patient throughout the transfer.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE: The transfer is not complete unless the patient is comfortable, stable, and safe including proper positioning and draping.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

As a general precaution during transfers, the patient must be wearing a closed shoe with
___ especially during the initial stages of
training to have a better grip on the floor.

Answer 5

rubber sole

Question 6

Type of transfer where the patient does not require any physical supervision or any manual or verbal assistance from another person to consistently perform the activity safely and in an acceptable time.

Answer 6

Independent standing transfers

Question 7

A good flexibility of the ___ muscle is
necessary especially for patients with
paraplegia or both LE are paralyzed to be able to move from supine to long sitting without feeling a tight pulling at the back of the thigh

Answer 7

hamstring

Question 8

This transfer or ambulation assistance allows a patient to get their center of gravity over their base of support rapidly and easily as they stand.

Answer 8

Assist to front edge of chair

Question 9

Assist to front edge of chair technique where the patient alternately moves their pelvis from one side then the other until they reach the edge of the seat

Answer 9

Side-to-side weight shifting

Question 10

Assist to front edge of chair technique where the patient scoots forward and uses the backrest of the chair to help them push their pelvis forward towards the edge of the seat

Answer 10

Pelvic slide

Question 11

Assist to front edge of chair technique where the patient does push-ups while sitting to help them move their buttocks towards the seat’s edge

Answer 11

Sitting push-up

Question 12

Type of transfer or ambulation assistance where the patient uses adaptive or assistive equipment to perform
a task independently.

Answer 12

Modified independence

Question 13

Type of transfer or ambulation assistance where the patient requires assistance from another person to perform the activity safely in an acceptable time. Oral or tactile cues, directions, or instructions may be used.

Answer 13

Assisted

Question 14

Type of transfer or ambulation assistance where the patient requires verbal or tactile cues, directions, or instruction from another person positioned close to, but not touching, the patient to perform the activity safely and in an acceptable time. Assistance may provide protection should the patient’s safety be threatened.

Answer 14

Standby assistance or Supervision

Question 15

Assistance where the patient performs 75% or more of the activity

Answer 15

Minimal assistance

Question 16

Assistance where the patient performs 50% - 75% of the activity

Answer 16

Moderate assistance

Question 17

Assistance where the patient performs 25% - 50% of the activity

Answer 17

Maximum assistance

Question 18

Transfer done when a patient has enough strength to lift their body and adequate sitting balance to move but still unable to
perform a push-up transfer. Patient uses a sliding board placed under the buttocks with the aid of the UE to slide

Answer 18

Sliding board transfer

Question 19

Transfer done when a patient has some UE strength and trunk control, often used in transfers of patient from wheelchair <->
floor or bed.

Answer 19

Two-person lift transfer

Question 20

Enumerate the 2 methods used in the two-person lift transfer

Answer 20

1. when the two lifters have the same strength
2. when one lifter is stronger (the stronger lifter is the one that will lift the trunk and other on the legs)

Question 21

Transfer done when a patient can sit, stand, pivot and bear some weight on the LE but with weakness or paralysis that
necessitates assistance. This is also used to teach patient to transfer independently.

Answer 21

Assisted standing pivot transfer

Question 22

TRUE OR FALSE: When unfamiliar with patient’s capability such as when you just saw the patient for the first time or just doing the transfers on the first trial, you guard the uninvolved LE.

Answer 22

True

the PT should guard the strong or unaffected leg so even if that leg buckles you can easily catch the patient.

Question 23

The PT guards the pt on the ___ LE once they are sure about the patient’s ability to do the task

Answer 23

involved

so that the patient will be forced to use the strong leg and train the weak leg

Question 24

Transfer done when the patient is able to perform the sliding board transfer
independently, has developed enough strength to lift his buttocks clear of the supporting surface, and has developed sufficient sitting balance and endurance.

Answer 24

Push-up transfer

This can be a progression of the sliding board transfer when the patient had an increased strength of the UE to lift the buttocks off the surface

Question 25

Type of transfer or ambulation assistance where the patient requires total physical assistance from one or more persons to accomplish the activity safely and in an acceptable time (e.g., decreased level of arousal or in a coma, paralyzed on all fours and trunk or quadriplegic, severely impaired cognitive functions such as those with intellectual disability among others).

Answer 25

Dependent assistance

Question 26

Mechanical device powered pneumatically or electrically that provides a method for one person to transfer a dependent patient. This is used for very large patients and for those who are extremely dependent (i.e., morbidly obese patients, spastic quadriplegia).

Answer 26

Hydraulic lift

Question 27

Sliding transfer from cart or stretcher to a treatment table where 2 or more persons can perform this lift depending on the weight and size of the patient. The cart is usually positioned parallel to the treatment table or bed and the draw sheet (small linen) is placed under the patient for ease in moving the patient.

Answer 27

Pull sheet or sliding transfer

Question 28

Transfer done when treatment table and cart cannot be positioned parallel to each other, so the cart is positioned and secured at right angle to the treatment table. Additionally, the heights of the lifters should not have big differences since this will pose a problem during the lift.

Answer 28

Three-person lift / carry

Question 29

Transfer for patients who are unable to stand independently but can bear some weight on their LEs (weakness, paresis, or paralysis). The patient’s feet are still touching the floor to allow for minimal WB.

Answer 29

Dependent standing pivot

Question 30

This can be a dependent sitting transfer when patient falls out of, or tips over a wheelchair OR done when patient is unable to stand or is unable to perform any type of sliding board transfer. The feet of the patient is lifted off the ground during this transfer.

Answer 30

One-person lift transfer / quad lift

Question 31

Refers to when the caregiver is positioned close to, but not touching, the patient. Used when there is a minimal likelihood of the patient requiring protection during the activity.

Answer 31

Close guarding

Question 32

Refers to when the caregiver is positioned close to the patient with the hands on the patient or safety belt. Used when there is a high likelihood of the patient requiring protection during the activity.

Answer 32

Contact guarding

Question 33

For transfers given as treatment and PT management, the minimum number of reps for each transfer is?

Answer 33

3 Max: 10 reps

Question 34

A 28 y/o pt who had an SCI 3 mos ago was referred for PT. The pt can only move the arms and the trunk voluntarily. The pt also has Good strength of the UE, trunk control and balance. The LE are stiff and very weak. You wanted to train the pt how to transfer from the floor to his w/c. The pt only has his 67 y/o mother with him as his primary caregiver. How will you teach this pt the proper technique? What transfer technique will you use to train this pt? Document your technique properly using the rx documentation format.

Answer 34

Indep pushup transfer from floor ↔ w/c c SBA w/c transfers using UE and trunk muscles x 3 reps to ↑ independence

Question 35

A 63 y.o. (L) BKA pt was referred to you today. Upon assessment you noticed that the pt requires assistance from her caregiver to move from the w/c ↔ plinth. You wanted to train her in the proper transfer from w/c ↔ plinth. What transfer technique will you teach this pt? Document your technique properly using the rx documentation format.

Answer 35

Indep transfer w/c ↔ plinth using standing pivot transfer x 5 reps to ↑independence.

Question 36

B.A. an 80 y/o female pt who is in a coma and you saw that the IVL is at her (R) hand. Pt was to be transferred from bed stretcher for an MRI schedule. You were fortunately in the room as you were about to start your PT rx and the nurse aid asked for your assist. What transfer technique will you suggest for this pt? Document your technique using the examination format.

Answer 36

Dep pull sheet / sliding transfer on bed ↔ stretcher using draw sheet c max +3 assist.

Question 37

M.M. a 50 y/o male pt suffered a stroke 5 days ago. He cannot move the (R) side of his body at all. He was referred for PT rx today and was prescribed to have transfer training. You opted to teach the pt bed chair transfer. Upon assessment, pt has intact cognition, has strong (L) UE and LE muscles, and a F balance in sitting. What transfer technique will you use on this pt? Document your technique properly using the rx documentation format

Answer 37

Assisted Standing Pivot Transfer from bed ↔ chair SPT c +1 min assist on (R) UE & LE to ↑ independence.

Question 38

O.C. a 35 y/o female patient who underwent amputation AKA of the (B) leg due to MVA. She also shows apprehension in transferring alone. Teach the pt proper transfer from w/c to bed.

Answer 38

Contact guard assist sliding board transfers from w/c to bed x 3 reps to facilitate ease in transfers

Question 39

Technique used to prevent excessive hip ER / abduction to prevent abduction contracture

Answer 39

Trochanter roll

Question 40

AZ a 50 y/o male patient who suffered a motor vehicular accident 2 months ago. Patient cannot move his trunk and lower extremities for mobility. He also shows poor trunk control. He was referred for PT; position the pt from supine to sidelying.

Answer 40

Do log rolling, support legs and arms with pillows as well as at the back to prevent twisting of the spine