SA Bloodwork Cases

Question 1

what is done with every CBC

Answer 1

blood smear

Question 2

what tests are needed to evaluate urine

Answer 2

chem + UA
USG

Question 3

what signals a mature neutrophilia

Answer 3

increased number of segs

Question 4

what is associated with an elevated mature neutrophilia

Answer 4

inflammation
stress
fear
neoplasia

Question 5

what is associated with a decreased mature neutropenia

Answer 5

overwhelming infection/inflammation

Question 6

what is a physiologic leukocytosis

Answer 6

neutrophilia
lymphocytosis

Question 7

what creates a physiologic leukocytosis and in what species is it commonly seen

Answer 7

fear - cats

Question 8

what is a stress/corticosteroid leukogram

Answer 8

mature neutrophilia, monocytosis, and lymphopenia

Question 9

in what species is a stress/ corticosteroid leukogram common in

Answer 9

dogs

Question 10

what signals an inflammatory leukogram

Answer 10

> 1000 bands
decrease in WBCs

Question 11

what can an extreme neutrophilic leukocytosis signal

Answer 11

pyometra
ehrilichia
hepatozoanosis
fungus

Question 12

what would signal a leukemia on a CBC

Answer 12

> 50,000

Question 13

Types of anemia that are regenerative

Answer 13

hemorrhage/ blood loss
hemolysis

Question 14

what test can be used to determine true rouleaux formation

Answer 14

saline test - rouleaux will separate

Question 15

what can you use to evaluate precursors and normal development and maturation process of all cell lines as well as any abnormal processes

Answer 15

bone marrow
aspirates / biopsy

Question 16

what are possible causes of petechia

Answer 16

thrombocytopenia
thrombopathy
infection/inflammation

Question 17

reasons for thrombocytopenia

Answer 17

increased destruction
decreased production
increased consumption
sequestratio n

Question 18

what are types of thrombopathy

Answer 18

inherited
vWB factor
acquired with drugs, uremia, liver disease or dysproteinemias

Question 19

what are basic primary coagulation issues

Answer 19

platelets and vasculature

Question 20

what are basic secondary coagulation issues

Answer 20

coagulation factors
anti-thrombotic and fibrinolytic

Question 21

clinical signs of primary hemostatic disorders

Answer 21

petechia
ecchymosis
mucosal bleeds
epistaxis

Question 22

clinical signs of secondary hemostatic disorders

Answer 22

hemoabdomen
hemothorax
melena
hematemesis

Question 23

components of virchow’s triad

Answer 23

stasis
endothelial injury
hypercoagulability

Question 24

platelet testing

Answer 24

platelet count
platelet function (thrombopathies)
Buccal Mucosal Bleeding Time
Clot retraction
aggregation

Question 25

what does a hypercoagulation pattern look like on a TEG

Answer 25

RK decreased MA angle increased * basically looks like a fat oval

Question 26

increased BMBT decreased platelet count

Answer 26

thrombocytopenia

Question 27

increased BMBT everything else normal

Answer 27

thrombocytopathia

Question 28

increased BMBT possible increased ACT possible increased PTT

Answer 28

vWD

Question 29

normal BMBT increased ACT increased PTT

Answer 29

hemophilias

Question 30

possible increased BMBT increased ACT increased PT increased PTT possible decrease platelet count possible decreased fibrinogen possible increased FDPs

Answer 30

rodenticide

Question 31

everything increased decreased platelet count possible decrease fibrinogen

Answer 31

DIC

Question 32

possible increased BMBT increased ACT possible increased PT increased PTT possible decrease platelet count possible decrease fibrinogen normal FDPs

Answer 32

liver disease

Question 33

what does APTT and PTT evaluate

Answer 33

intrinsic and common pathways

Question 34

what does PT evaluate

Answer 34

extrinsic and common

Question 35

which clotting factor will run out first and therefore we should test for in cases of time

Answer 35

7

Question 36

which tests should be run to test factor 7

Answer 36

PT ACT could track it in the common pathway but non-specific