SA First Opinion Practice Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
What are the 4 core disease we vaccinate for in dogs?
A
Distemper Virus
Infectious Canine Hepatitis
Parvovirus
Leptospirosis
2
Q
What are the two CORE vaccines used in dogs?
A
DHP
L4
3
Q
Which two NON-CORE vaccines are available for dogs?
A
KC
Rabies
4
Q
What is the primary pathogen in kennel cough?
A
Bordetella Bronchiseptica
5
Q
At what age do dogs receive the first dose of DHP?
A
6w+
6
Q
At what age do dogs receive their first dose of L4?
A
6-9w+
9w recommended
7
Q
At what age do dogs receive their DHP second dose?
A
2-4w after 1st (10w+)
8
Q
At what age do dogs receive their L4 second dose?
A
4w after 1st (10w+)
9
Q
At what age do dogs receive their DHP booster?
A
1st Annual
Every 3y After
10
Q
At what age do dogs receive their L4 booster?
A
Annually
11
Q
How long does the DHP vaccine take to become effective?
A
1w
12
Q
How long does the L4 vaccine take to become effective?
A
4w
13
Q
At what age can dogs receive the KC vaccine?
A
3w+
14
Q
What does the KC vaccine protect against?
A
B. bronchiseptica AND canine parainfluenza virus
15
Q
How long after administration is the KC vaccine effective?
A
3w (only 72h for bordetella)
16
Q
How often are KC boosters given?
A
annually
17
Q
How old must a dog be to receive a rabies vaccine?
A
12w
18
Q
How often should a rabies booster be given?
A
3y
19
Q
How long after administration is the rabies vaccine effective?
A
3w
20
Q
What are the 3 pathogens we vaccinate cats against using the CORE vaccine?
A
Calicivirus
Herpesvirus
Panleucopenia
21
Q
Which pathogens cause cat flu?
A
Calicivirus
Herpesvirus
22
Q
Which pathogen causes feline enteritis?
A
Panleucopenia
23
Q
At what age can cats be given their FIRST dose of tricat trio?
A
8-9w
24
Q
At what age can cats be given their SECOND dose of tricat trio?
A
12w
25
At what point after the second dose does tricot become effective against...
a) Cat Flu
b) Feline Enteritis
a) 4w
| b) 3w
26
How often should cat flu boosters be given?
1y
27
How often should feline enteritis boosters be given?
3y
28
What are the 4 non-core vaccines available in cats?
1. Chlamoydophila Felis
2. FeLV
3. Rabies
4. B. bronciseptica
29
What do rabbit vaccines protect against?
RHD & myxomatosis
30
At what age do we first vaccinate rabbits?
5w
31
How often do we administer rabbit boosters?
annually
32
What is the main species of roundworm which affects ONLY dogs?
T. Canis
33
What is the main species of roundworm which affects ONLY cats?
T. Felis
34
What is the main species of roundworm which affects both cats and dogs?
T. leonina
35
How do roundworms infect their host?
L2 larvae ingested.
36
What are the 2 main species of hookworm which affect ONLY dogs?
A. Caninum
| U. Stenocephala
37
What is the main species of hookworm which affect ONLY cats?
A. Tubaeformae
38
How do all hookworms infect their host?
L3 larvae ingested.
| Percutaneous
39
In what unique manner may A. Tubaeforme infect cats?
Infected paratenic hosts
40
In what unique manner may A. Caninum infect dogs?
Transmammary
41
Which whipworm may infect domestic species?
T. vulpis
42
How does whipworm infect the host?
L3 larve ingested and penetrate gut wall.
43
Which are the 3 main species of tapeworm in domestic pets?
D. Caninum
Echinococcus
Taenia
44
Which tapeworm(s) is/are zoonotic?
Echinococcus and Taenia
45
Which tapeworm has the flea as an intermediate host?
D. caninum
46
What is the active ingredient in Panacur?
Fenbendazole
47
What is the active ingredient in Drontal?
Pyrantel, Praziquantel
48
What is the active ingredient found in milbemax/milpro/drontal/droncit?
Praziquantel
49
What is the active ingredient in Advocate
Imidacloprid, Moxidectin (or permethrin)
50
What is the active ingredient in Stronghold?
Selamectin
51
What is the active ingredient in profender?
Emodespsipeptide
52
What is the active ingredient in milbemax, milpro and nexguard?
Milbemycin Oxide
53
What does Drontal Kill?
Adult Roundworms
| Immature/adult tapeworm
54
What does Milbemax kill?
Hookworms
Roundworms
Tapeworm
Lungworm
55
What does Profender Kill?
Immature and Adult tapeworm
56
What does Advocate kill?
```
Hookworm
Roundworm
Whipworms
Fleas/Mites/Lice/Ticks
Lungworm
```
57
What does Nexguard Spectra kill?
```
Hookworm
Roundworm
Whipworms
Fleas/Mites/Lice/Ticks
Lungworm/heartworm
```
58
What does Stronghold kill?
Fleas/Mites/Lice
Heartworm
Roundworm
59
What does panacur kill?
Hookworm
Roundworm
Whipworm
Tapeworm (not Dipylidium)
60
What does Endectrid kill?
```
Hookworm
Roundworm
Whipworms
Fleas/Mites/Lice
Lungworm/heartworm
```
61
How long is the normal flea life cycle?
3-8w - temp dependent
62
What is the most common tick species in the UK?
Ixodes ricinus
63
How long is the tick life cycle?
2-3y
64
how many hosts are present in the tick life cycle?
3
65
Which 3 diseases are ticks a vector for?
Lyme Disease
Ehrlichiosis
Babesiosis
66
What are the two main dog louse species?
T. Canis and L setosus
67
What is the main cat louse species?
Felicia Subrostratus
68
Where is the louse life cycle spent?
100% on the host
69
How long is the louse life cycle?
2-3w
70
Which zoonotic mite causes intense pruritus, papules, hair loss and crusting?
Sarcoptes Scabiei
71
Which mite affects the face, shoulders, neck and limbs?
Demodex
72
What is the name of the burrowing earmite?
otodectes cynotis
73
Which mites cause lesions on the rump and shoulders dorsally?
cheyletiella
74
What is the active ingredient in bravecto?
Fluralaner
75
What is the active ingredient in frontline?
Fipronil
76
What is the active ingredient in Indore
Permethrin
77
What does bravecto kill?
Fleas and ticks
78
What does stronghold kill?
```
Hookworms
Roundworms
Heart worm
Fleas
Ear mites
```
79
What does frontline kill?
Fleas/lice/mites/ticks
80
What does advocate kill?
Fleas/lice/mites/ticks
roundworm
lungworm
81
Which medication (& its active ingredient) should be used to control fleas in rabbits?
Advantage (imidacloprid)
82
Which medication should not be used in rabbits?
Fipronil (frontline)- TOXIC
83
Which medication (& its active ingredient) should be used to control mites in rabbits?
Xeno 450 spot on (ivermectin)
84
Which medication (& its active ingredient) should be used to prevent fly strike in rabbits?
Rearguard (cyromazine)
85
Which wormer is licensed for rabbits in the UK?
NONE
86
Which wormer should be used to treat rabbits for intestinal worms?
Panacea 18.75% paste (fenbendazole)
87
What is the mechanism of action of methadone?
Full mew agonist
88
How long do the sedative/analgesic effects of methadone last?
4-6h
89
What is the mechanism of action of buprenorphine?
mixed agonist
90
How long do the sedative/analgesic effects of buprenorphine last?
6-8h but not as effective as methadone
91
What is the mechanism of action of butorphanol?
mixed agonist
92
How long do the sedative/analgesic effects of butorphanol last?
No analgesia
1h sedation in dog
1-3h sedation in cat
93
What is the MOA of ACP?
D1 and D2 antagonist
94
How long do the sedative effects of ACP last?
6h
95
How long is the onset for ACP?
15-30min
96
Is ACP reversible or irreversible?
irreversible
97
How does ACP sedation compare with alpha 2?
ACP lighter
98
How does Medetomidine work?
A2 agonist
99
How long do the sedative/analgesic effects of medetomidine last?
10-15min
100
Is medetomidine reversible or irreversible?
reversible - atipam
101
Which dogs should have a lower dose of ACP and why?
Boxers - sensitive to sympatholytic effects
102
In which patients should ACP be avoided?
Hypovolaemic/hypotensive as vasodilator.
| BOAS - relaxation of pharynx
103
In which patients should medetomidine be avoided and why?
Diabetics - increases blood glucose
104
What effect does medetomidine have on gut motility?
decreases
105
What CV effects dies medetomidine have?
bradycardia
2nd Degree AV block
Peripheral vasoconstriction
106
What is the MOA of midazolam?
GABA agonist
107
What does midazolam decrease?
Muscle Tone
Anxiety
Seizures
108
Is midazolam reversible or irreversible?
reversible - flumazenil
109
why should midazolam be given with an opioid?
May cause paradoxical excitement
110
What is the MOA of meloxicam?
NSAID - cox 1&2 inhibitor
111
Why should meloxicam not be used in CKD patients?
Reduced Renal Perfusion
112
Why should meloxicam not be used in patients with GI issues?
decreases gastric protection
113
What is the MOA of robenacoxib?
NSAID - Cox 2 > cox 1
114
What is the MOA of paracetamol?
Inhibits brain PG synthesis
115
Which animals can NOT receive paracetamol?
Cats
116
What is the MOA of gabapentin?
unknown - possible Ca channel inhibitor
117
What is the MOA of amantidine?
Mu agonist & NMDA antagonist
118
What class of antibiotic is cephalexin?
Cephalosporin - 1st gen Beta Lactam
119
What class of antibiotic is amoxiclav?
B Lactam + beta lactamase
120
What class of antibiotic is clindamycin?
lincosamide
121
What class of antibiotic is enrofloxacin
Fluoroquinolone
122
What class of antibiotic is marbofloxacin?
Fluoroquinolone
123
What class of antibiotic is doxycycline?
Tetracycline
124
POTENTIATED SULPHS
...
125
which antibiotic can be used to treat toxoplasma and anaerobes?
Clindamycin
126
Which antibiotic can be used to treat Gram +s, but is not effective against E. coli?
Cephalexin
127
Which antibiotic can be used to treat a UTI due to its ability to concentrate in urine?
Cephalexin
128
Which antibiotic can be used to treat pseudomonas, but not anaerobes?
Enrofloxacin
129
Which antibiotic is good for treating respiratory infections?
Doxycycline
130
Which antibiotic MUST be given with food due to the risk of oesophagitis?
Doxycycline
