salivary glands

Question 1

function of saliva

Answer 1

lubrication, digestive enyzmes, ph buffer, oral hygiene

Question 2

what type of mucous does the parotid gland produce and what is it

Answer 2

SEROUS

Alpha amylase for starch digestion and water

Question 3

Factors affecting composition and amount OF SALIVA

Answer 3

Flow rate
 Circadian rhythm
 Type and size of gland
 Duration and type of stimulus
 Diet
 Drugs
 Age
 Gender

Question 4

How does the mucosa provide defence

Answer 4

a physical barrier

Question 5

how do salivary glands provide defence

Answer 5

saliva washes away food particles , bacteria or viruses that are needed for metabolic support

Question 6

what does whole saliva contain

Answer 6

salivary gland secretions, blood, oral tissues, microorganisms and food remnants

Question 7

what epithelial cells are saliva glands

Answer 7

acinar cells and ducts

Question 8

two types of acinar cells and how they stain

Answer 8

serous-Dark stainingNucleus in basal thirdSmall central duct
Secrete water + α amylase

mucous acinus- Pale staining - ‘foamy’Nucleus at base
Large central duct
Secrete mucous (water + glycoproteins)

Question 9

structure of intercalated ducts

Answer 9

short narrow duct segments with cuboidal cells that connect acini to larger striated ducts

Question 10

what is primary saliva composed of

Answer 10

nacl rich isotonic plasma

Question 11

where are the parotid glands

Answer 11

side of face

Question 12

how is the submandicular duct seperated into lobes

Answer 12

larger superficial robe, smaller deep lobe in floor of mouth

Question 13

where are minor salivary glands found

Answer 13

Lips inner cheek ( buccal)

Question 14

xerostomiachi

Answer 14

dry mouth

Question 15

What do serous acinar cells secrete

Answer 15

Alpha amylase and water

Question 16

Names of the salivary glands

Answer 16

Parotid gland
Submandibular
Sublingual
Minor glands

Question 17

Innervation of salivary glands

Answer 17

Submandibular and sublingual are facial nerve

Parotid is glossopharangyeal

Question 18

What does mucous acinar cells secrete

Answer 18

Mucous water and glycoproteins

Question 19

3 phases of swallowing

Answer 19

Oral
Pharanygeal
Oesophageal

Question 20

What happens in the oral phase of swallowing in/voluntary

Answer 20

Voluntary
Mastication
Food is compressed against the roof of the mouth and is pushed to oropharynx by the tongue

Question 21

What happens in pharanygeal stage of swallowing and is it in/ voluntary

Answer 21

Involuntary
Nasopharynx closes off due to soft palate elevation
Trachea is closed off by epiglottis
Elevation of hyoid bone shortens and widens the pharynx
Pharanygeal peristalsis

Question 22

What happens in oesophageal phase and is it in/ voluntary

Answer 22

Involuntary
Peristaltic waves by pharanygeal constrictor
Propels food down the Oesophagus then stomach

Question 23

Characteristics of striated ducts

Answer 23

Microvilli , large sa
Mitochondria l
Hco3- and k+ secreted

Question 24

Do sublingual glands mainly have serous or mucous acini

Answer 24

Mainly mucous

Question 25

Names of muscles / groups that are involved in swallowing

Answer 25

``` Buccinator Suprahyoids Muscles of the palate Muscles of floor of mouth Infrahyoid Pharanygeal constrictor ```

Question 26

Factors that affect composition of saliva

Answer 26

Stimulus Age Gender Drugs

Question 27

Function and histology of intercalated dusts

Answer 27

Connect acini to larger striated discs | Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 28

What is receptive relaxation

Answer 28

Smooth muscle in body and fundus relaxes prior to the arrival of food Stomach volume ⬆️ Via vagus

Question 29

What are acinar and duct cells responsible for

Answer 29

Acinar volume of saliva secreted | Duct cells for the composition of saliva

Question 30

Location of the salivary glands

Answer 30

Parotid front and beneath the ear Submandibular under and deep to the jaw Sublingual under the front of tongue

Question 31

Gag reflex

Answer 31

Sensory from cn9 causes the tickling when stimulated | Gagging motor from cn10