Salivary Glands and Tonsils

Question 1

What are 3 types of Salivary Glands? Function?

Answer 1

1) Mucous Acini- thick; high lipids; lubricates mouth/ forms bolus of food for swallowing
2) Serous Acini- thin; rich in proteins/ H2O; primary protein= amylase
3) Mixed Acini- both mucous/ serous

Question 2

What are 3 major salivary glands of the mouth?

Answer 2

1) Parotid- largest; anterior of ear; serous secretion; 25% saliva
2) Submandibular- intermediate size; angle of mandible; mixed serous/ mucous; 60% saliva
3) Sublingual- smallest; anterior floor of mouth/ below tongue; primarily mucous; 5% saliva

Question 3

Minor Salivary Glands

1) In the cheeks/ lips
2) Posterior Har palate/ Soft Palate
3) Tonsillar Folds
4) Tip of tongue
5) Junction of Tongue body/ base
6) Beneath Lingual Tonsil

Answer 3

1) cheek= buccal; lips= labial; mixed saliva
2) palatine glands; mucous
3) glossopalatine glands; mucous
4) lingual glands; mixed
5) LG; serous
6) LG; mucous

Question 4

Myoepithelial Cells

Answer 4

• acts as muscle
• between acinar/ intercalated duct cells and basal membrane
• contraction moves saliva towards oral cavity

Question 5

________ from numerous acini merge together and empty into striated ducts.

Answer 5

Intercalated Ducts

Question 6

Striated Ducts have a striped appearance. What causes this appearance and what’s the purpose?

Answer 6

appearance= folding of basal membrane

• increasing surface area of the basal membrane, and the presence of numerous mitochondria.
• folds help reabsorb water. Active transport of ions across the membranes of the cell (water follows), requires ATP and mitochondria.

When body dehyrated, more H2O reabsorbed from saliva, making it thicker/ drier, stimulating us to drink more

Question 7

Tonsils are partially encapsulated, lymphoid tissue forming a ring around the orthpharynx–called ________.

Answer 7

Waldeyer’s ring

Question 8

What are the 3 tonsils?

Answer 8

Pharyngeal Tonsil- @ midline in posterior wall of superior portion of nasopharynx

Palatine Tonsils- @ adjacent to posterior molars

Sublingual Tonsils- @ base of tongue

Question 9

Palatine Tonsils

Answer 9

• largest tonsil
• CT capsule underlies the tonsil; seromucous salivary glands lie beneath it (lack of flushing out of crypt may lead to tonsil being inflamed)

Question 10

Pharyngeal Tonsil

Answer 10

• covered w/ respiratory epithelium
• no crypts, but contains folds
• surrounds the opening of the eustachian tubes

Question 11

Lingual Tonsils

Answer 11

• @ posterior 1/3 of tongue
• Underlying CT capsul, w/ mucous salivary glands beneath
• Salivary glands empty into multiple, non-branching crypts which keeps them free of bacteria, and foreign and cellular debris