Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ENT > Salivary Glands, Tongue, Palate and Pharynx Anatomy > Flashcards

Salivary Glands, Tongue, Palate and Pharynx Anatomy Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Name 3 muscles of the floor of the mouth?

A

Mylohyoid, geniohyoid, anterior belly of diagastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the area between the lips and teeth known as?

A

Vestibule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the sublingual papillae?

A

Openings for the ducts of the submandibular salivary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the mucosa of the floor of the mouth?

A

Very thin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When there is ‘tongue tie’ the frenulum is too short and the tongue is therefore bound to where?

A

Gigivae of the lower incisor teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 major pairs of salivary glands known as?

When are these most active?

A

Parotid, submental and submandibular- most active at meal times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where are minor salivary glands found? What is their function?

A

Oral mucosa, lips, cheeks, palate. Function is basal secretion to keep the mouth moist.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which salivary gland is usually palpable?

A

Submandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What muscle does the parotid gland sit on top of?

Where does the parotid duct sit?

A

Gland- on top of the masseter muscle

Duct- above the upper 2nd molar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is the sublingual gland found?

A

Deep to the mucosa in the floor of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where are the sublingual ducts found?

A

On the sublingual fold in the floor of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What nerve is found at the stylomastoid foramen and internal acoustic meatus?

A

CNVII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What nerve is found at the foramen ovale?

A

CNV3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the chorda tympani branch of CNVII connect to?

A

Lingual nerve branch of CNV3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What nerve supplies the sublingual gland?

A

CNVII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What nerve and what specific nerve type supplies the submandibular gland?

A

CNVII parasympathetic axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the auriculotemporal branch of CNV3?

A

General sensation to the parotid gland sheath and the skin around it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the secretomotor innervation of the parotid gland?

A

Parasympathetics from CNIX (glossopharyngeal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the role of the facial nerve within the parotid gland?

A

Nothing, it just passes through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What type of muscle is the tongue made up of?

What is it covered in?

A

Skeletal muscle. The tongue is covered in lingual mucosa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the tongue divided into?

A

Anterior (horizontal) 2/3rds and posterior (vertical) 1/3rd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where are the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue found?

A

In the oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What supplies general sensation to the anterior tongue?

What supplies special sensation to the anterior tongue?

A 
General = CNV3
Special = CNVII
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Is the posterior tongue in the oral cavity?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the general and sensory supply to the posterior tongue?
CNIX
26
What structure is found at the apex of the terminal groove of the tongue?
Foramen caecum
27
Where are thyroglossal duct cysts or ectopic thyroid tissue found?
Anywhere in the midline of the thyroid migratory path
28
Thyroid swellings move on swallowing due to attachment to what structure?
Larynx
29
What type of muscles are the tongue muscles?
Skeletal
30
What is the function of the extrinsic tongue muscles?
Change the position of the tongue during mastication, swallowing and speech
31
Name the 4 extrinsic tongue muscles?
Palatoglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus, genioglossus
32
How many pairs of intrinsic tongue muscles are there? Where are these located?
4 pairs- located mainly dorsally/posteriorly
33
What is the function of the intrinsic tongue muscles?
Modify the shape of the tongue during function
34
What is CNXII? Is it sensory, motor or both?
Hypoglossal nerve- motor
35
Where does CNXII attach to the CNS?
Many rootlets which attach to the medulla oblongata
36
Where does CNXII pass through the base of the skull?
Through the hypoglossal canal in the occipital bone
37
Where is the hypoglossal canal found?
The anterior wall of the foramen magnum
38
How does the hypoglossal nerve reach the tongue after leaving the base of the skull?
Descends lateral to the carotid sheath and the passes towards the lateral tongue at the level of the hyoid bone
39
How do you clinically test the function of CNXII?
Ask the patient to stick out their tongue- if it is in the midline the nerves are fine. If there is unilateral nerve damage, the tongue tip will point towards age affected side.
40
What artery is the main blood supply to the tongue? What is this a branch of?
The lingual artery, a branch of the external carotid artery
41
Where does CNXII pass in relation to the loop of the lingual artery?
Lateral
42
What are the arches of the soft palate composed of?
Skeletal muscles covered in mucosa
43
What tonsil is found between the arches of the soft palate?
Palatine tonsil
44
What bones make up the back and front of the hard palate?
Back = palatine bones, front = maxillary bones
45
What is the palatine foramina for?
Nerves (branches of CNV2) and vessels
46
Name the 5 pairs of muscles of the soft palate?
Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatini, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, musculus uvulae
47
What is the function of the elevator veil palatini?
Lifts the soft palate towards the base of the skull
48
Which muscle of the soft palate is hooked around the pterygoid hamulus?
Tensor veli palatini
49
What is the nerve supply to the skeletal muscles of the soft palate? What is the exception to this?
All supplied by CNX except the tensor veli palatine which is supplied by CNV3
50
How do you clinically test CNX and CNV3?
Ask the patient to say 'ahh'- if the nerves are functioning normally the uvula will be in the midline. If there is unilateral nerve problem, the uvula will move away from the side of the problem.
51
What are the external muscles of the pharynx known as? Are these voluntary or not?
The circular (constrictor) muscles. They are voluntary.
52
What innervates the circular muscles of the pharynx?
CNX (pharyngeal plexus)
53
Where do all the circular muscles of the pharynx insert?
Midline raphe
54
At what vertebral level is the upper oesophageal sphincter found?
C6
55
What are the internal muscles of the pharynx known as? What is their function?
Longitudinal muscles- elevate the pharynx and larynx
56
Which longitudinal muscles of the pharynx are innervated by CNX?
Palatopharyngeus and salpinogopharyngeus
57
Which longitudinal muscle of the pharynx is innervated by CNIX?
Stylopharyngeus
58
Where do all the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx insert?
The posterior border of thyroid cartilage
59
Where does the choana lead to?
Into the nasal cavity
60
What 5 structures make up Waldeyer's Ring of Lymphoid Tissue?
Lingual tonsil, palatine tonsil, pharyngeal tonsil, tubal tonsil, palate associated lymphoid tissue
61
What does the jugulo-digastric node drain?
The palatine tonsil
62
What are the regional lymph nodes for the tip of the tongue? Where is the regional lymph node drainage for the rest of the tongue?
Tip= submental nodes, rest = deep cervical nodes
63
Where are submandibular nodes in relation to the submandibular gland?
Superficial
64
Where does all lymphatic drainage from the head and neck eventually go?
Deep cervical nodes
65
Where are the deep cervical nodes found?
In the carotid sheath
66
Where are the parotid and mastoid nodes found?
Parotid= pre-auricular, mastoid= post-auricular
67
Where are the deep and superficial cervical nodes found?
Deep= along internal jugular vein, superficial= along external jugular vein
68
When are lymph nodes most likely to be fixed to other structures- in infection or cancer?
Cancer

ENT (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions