Salmonella Flashcards
(25 cards)
What family is salmonella apart of?
Enterobacteriacea
Is salmonella coliform or non-coliform?
Non-coliform
Is salmonella lactose fermenting?
No
What are the steps of salmonella growth?
Ferments xylose to produce acid
Decarboxylates lysine to increase pH
Metabolises thiosulfate to produce hydrogen sulphide
What do colonies look like when hydrogen sulphide is produced?
Red colonies with black centres
How do you determine the different serotypes of salmonella?
Antibody and bacteria reactions
Antibody testing
What antigen does salmonella have?
Somatic antigen 1
What is the H antigen?
The flagella
Does salmonella contain the H antigen?
Only in specific serovars
What does salmonella cause?
Typhoid fever
What are the symptoms of Typhoid fever?
Headache
Loss of appetite
Fever
Characteristics of typhoid fever
8-15 days after ingestion
10-15% mortality
What are the host adapted serotypes of salmonella?
Choleraesuis (humans and pigs)
Dublin (cattle and humans)
What are the non-adapted serotypes of salmonella?
Typhimurium (birds and humans)
Enteritidis (same)
Symptoms of salmonellosis
Diarrhoea
Vomiting
Fever
Characteristics of salmonellosis
12-48h incubation
1-7d duration
How is salmonellosis treated?
Drinking fluids and electrolytes
Antibiotics
What is gastroenteritis?
Ingestion of live cells causing epithelial cells being killed
What does gastroenteritis cause?
Fluid accumulation in lumen
What is enteric fever?
Ingestion of live cells which invade to lymph nodes and organs then back to intestine
How does salmonella attach to cause disease?
Fimbriae
What improves the invasion of epithelial cells by salmonella?
SPI-1
How does salmonella survive in the host cell?
Using SPI-2
What is the use of enterotoxins?
Increase vascular permeability to cause fluid loss
