Sample Q&A Flashcards

(903 cards)

1
Q

Podcasts

A

Prerecorded audio clips

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2
Q

Certification

A

A credential awarded after an exam

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3
Q

License

A

A credential awarded by a licensing agency

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4
Q

Educational Certificate

A

A credential awarded by a training provider

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5
Q

Assessment-Based Professional Certification evaluates…

A

knowledge, skills

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6
Q

Assessment-Based Certificate focuses on…

A

education/training

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7
Q

Certificate of attendance or participation

A

Given to those who have attended a class

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8
Q

Certificate of completion

A

Completing requirements of class usually with a final exam

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9
Q

Organization

A

People working to achieve individual/collective goals.

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10
Q

Communication

A

Sharing of meaning between two or more people.

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11
Q

Formal Communication

A

Messages spread down, up, horizontal

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12
Q

Downward Communications

A

Messages sent from management to employees.

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13
Q

Upward Communications

A

Messages sent from employees to management.

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14
Q

Horizontal Communications or lateral

A

Messages traveling from employee to employee, manager to manager, or executive to executive.

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15
Q

Informal Communications

A

Conversations people have with each other

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16
Q

Written Communication

A

Non-verbal, on paper or electronic

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17
Q

Oral Communication

A

Face-to-face communications; speaking

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18
Q

Visual Communications

A

Physical expressions and charts-diagrams

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19
Q

Nonverbal Communication

A

Communication without speaking

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20
Q

Audio-Visual Communication

A

Combines two media

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21
Q

Computer-Based Communication

A

Video conferences, websites, e-mail

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22
Q

Frame of Reference

A

Values, experience, customs someone uses to evaluate data & guide behavior.

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23
Q

Interpersonal Communication

A

The way information is exchanged with others - not just what, but how

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24
Q

Communication Model

A

sending/receiving messages from one person to another

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25
Physical Noise
Environmental conditions (noise level/temperature)
26
Psychological Noise
Anything that makes it difficult to understand message
27
Transactional Model of Communication
Continuous exchange of information
28
Stakeholders
Individuals or groups interested in company.
29
Intrapersonal Communication
How you analyze a situation and use the information.
30
Deductive Reasoning (aka: Top-Down Reasoning)
General conclusion to a specific conclusion.
31
Inductive Reasoning (aka Bottom-Up Approach)
Specific observation to a broad generalization.
32
Effective Listening
Strengthens, innovation, manage growing
33
Content Listening
Understand and retain what's been said
34
Critical Listening
Clear understanding of message
35
Empathic Listening
Understand feelings, needs, wants
36
Active Listening
Truly hearing and understanding what's been said; turn off filters
37
Situational Leadership
Adapt leadership style to needs of team rather than expecting others to bend to their approach.
38
Autocratic Leadership
Gives instructions, makes all important decisions, and makes sure staff comply.
39
Democratic Leadership
Values input from team. Facilitates conversation and reports on decision.
40
Laissex-Fair (French for "let go")
Minimal contact with employees during the day.
41
Frederick Taylor was a __________ who was known for _____________ and _____________.
Mechanical engineer, improve industrial efficiency. | Scientific Management, Time and Motion Studies
42
Scientific Management
workflows, improve economic efficiency.
43
Time and Motion Study
productivity standards (Frederick Taylor)
44
Henry Ford
Assembly line.
45
Hawthorne Studies
social beings rather than mechanical beings.
46
Experimenter Effect
modify/improve behavior in response to awareness when being observed.
47
Social Effect
Separated from the rest; given special treatment.
48
Bank Wiring Room
Study social effects.
49
Technical Skill
Knowledge about specific work.
50
Human Skill
Ability to work with people.
51
Conceptual Skill
think, analyze, understand complicated ideas.
52
Situational Approach to Leadership
No one best way to lead others. Depends on characteristics of followers. Tells, Sells, Tests, Consults, Joins, Delegates, Abdicates
53
The Leader Tells
Autocratic style (teams are new, inexperienced, weak)
54
The Leader Sells
Maintains control, convincing members of decision and need to take an action.
55
The Leader Tests
Explains problem, comes up with idea, checks with the team to determine expertise.
56
The Leader Consults
No need to have an answer ready. Invites team to problem solve together.
57
The Leader Joins
No longer owns problem. Leader nudges to outright ownership.
58
The Leader Delegates
Knows there are problems but gives the team the green light to find answers.
59
The Leader Abdicates
Gives full responsibility to team, accountability still rests with leader.
60
Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Model
Adapts leadership style to maturity of person attempting to lead.
61
Trait Approach
Focuses on person, looking at one-way process rather than interaction.
62
Skills Approach
descriptive, behavioral, Abilities, knowledge, skills learned are important to leader.
63
Directing Style
Goal achievement, giving followers instructions then supervise closely. (Hersey-Blanchard Model)
64
Coaching Style
Achieving goals and emotional needs of their team. (Hersey-Blanchard Model)
65
Supporting Style
Focus on goals, also hones the skills of followers through praise, listening to criticism, allowing input, providing feedback, and recognizing achievement. (Hersey-Blanchard Model)
66
Developing Style
Hands-off leadership style. After decisions are made, task completion is the responsibility of the follower with little intervention. (Hersey-Blanchard Model)
67
Transformational Leadership
Leadership that transforms people. | Emotions, values, ethics, standards, long-term goals.
68
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Tension when an person's behavior is inconsistent with thoughts and beliefs.
69
Communication Accommodation Theory
When two speakers adjust their communication styles.
70
Symbolic Interaction Theory
Motivated to act based on the meanings they assign to people, things, events.
71
Uncertainty Reduction Theory
Strangers meet, primary focus is to reduce levels of uncertainty.
72
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Motivated by five main needs, once first need is met, the person will work to achieve the second. (Abraham Maslow)
73
Hierarchy of Needs Pyramid
(1) Self-Actualization (2) Esteem (3) Love/Belonging (4) Safety (5) Physiological
74
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs in an Office Environment
(1) Physiological (2) Safety (3) Love/Belonging (4) Esteem (5) Self-actualization
75
External Customers
Those who purchase products or services.
76
Internal Customers
The employees within a company.
77
Customer Service
Act of assisting consumers with needs.
78
Channel
The way the message travels.
79
What are the Customer Service Communication Channels
``` Telephone Voice mail Text messaging Email Face-to-face meetings ```
80
Salutation
Form of greeting
81
How to respond or deliver negative news...
* Clearly explain the problem * Remain professional * Show you understand * Show you are handling the situation fairly
82
What are the 2 Negative News strategies in Written Communications
Direct | Indirect
83
Direct Strategy
strongest approach, bad news first
84
Indirect Strategy
softens the receipt of bad news
85
Buffer
Reduces pain of bad news.
86
Describe Conflict Resolution
Listen carefully Offer resolution Correct mistake
87
Thomas/Kilmann Model of Conflict Management Styles
How much concern we have for ourselves vs. others.
88
Competing Conflict Management Style | Thomas/Kilmann Model
Highly assertive and slightly cooperative. (Best to use: * quick, decision action required * important issues * issues vital to company welfare)
89
Accommodating Conflict Management Style | Thomas Kilmann Model
Slightly assertive and highly cooperative. (Best to use: * you are wrong * issue much more important to other person than you
90
Avoiding Conflict Management Style | Thomas/Kilmann Model
Slightly assertive and slightly cooperative. (Best to use: * issue is trivial * no chance of satisfying your concerns * important to let people cool down)
91
Compromising Conflict Management Style | Thomas/Kilmann Model
Some assertiveness and cooperativeness best to use: outcome is not crucial and you are losing time
92
Collaborating Conflict Management Model (Thomas/Kilmann Model)
Somewhat assertive and somewhat cooperative. (Best to use: * goals are moderately important * two opponents with equal power are strongly committed to mutually exclusive goals, as in labor-management bargaining)
93
Soft Skills
Personal attributes | positive attitude, self-confidence, leadership
94
Hard Skills
Specific skills learned | graphic design, writing, software design
95
Chronological Resume
Experience in order of most recent to oldest.
96
Functional Resume
Skills and qualifications.
97
Cover Letter
Explains why uniquely qualified for the job.
98
What is the Ideal Team Size
Four to five (diverse) members
99
Working Functional Teams
Divided by function. The backbone of an organization.
100
Management Teams
Often the Board; discuss strategies
101
Self-managed Self-directed Teams
Groups working without direct supervision.
102
(Ad Hoc) Temporary Special Purpose teams
Formed to help with a particular situation.
103
Task Force
Formed to find a solution to a problem w/ a deadline
104
Committee meetings
reviews special projects; sometimes cross-departments
105
Work Forces/Work Groups
Achieve common goal. Operate under leader appointed by members.
106
Cross Functional Multifunctional Teams
People from different areas of expertise to achieve a common goal.
107
Virtual Teams
Work in various locations connected computer network.
108
5 Team Development Stages
1. Forming 2. Storming 3. Norming 4. Performing 5. Adjourning
109
Forming
Get to know each other and decide what they need to do.
110
Storming
Competing, learning to work together, can have conflict, some teams never get past this point
111
Norming
Start to work together, trust each other, seek out input. | Progress is made
112
Performing
Highly performing team. Trust and work well together
113
Adjourning
Project comes to an end. Successes and failures reviewed/evaluated.
114
Team Dynamics
Psychological forces influencing a team's behavior and performance.
115
Social Network
Informal connections among people in a group.
116
Assessment Tools to Help Identify People's Skills and Abilities
* DiSC (work productivity, teamwork, communication) * Myers Briggs (personality test) * StandOut (team assessment tool) * StrengthsFinder 2.0 (assessment tool by Gallup) * True Colors (personality temperament)
117
Group Decision Making Model - 4 stages | Leigh Thompson
1. Orientation (define problem, set goal, plan process) 2. Discussion (gather info, identify/evaluate alternatives) 3. Decision Making (choose group decision) 4. Implementation (adhere to/evaluate decision, seek feedback
118
Groupthink
Team values conformity/consensus more than other criteria (reality/ethical/moral standards)
119
Collective Rationalization
Group ignores warnings about decisions.
120
Escalation of Commitment
Problem exists, instead of solving it/changing course, they persist in making it work.
121
The Abilene Paradox
Making a choice together that none would have made on their own.
122
Six Causes of Self-Limiting Behavior
1. Someone with expertise 2. Compelling argument 3. Lack of confidence 4. Meaningless decision 5. Pressure from others 6. Dysfunctional decision-making
123
Group Polarization
Move toward a more extreme version of the position they held before the discussion began.
124
Ethics
Accepted principles of conduct.
125
Business Ethics
Behaviors and values that govern a business environment.
126
Stressor
Something that causes stress.
127
Stress Threshold
The level of stress that, when reached, will affect a person's performance.
128
Self-esteem
How you view self-worth.
129
Morale
How happy you are in your job or task
130
Listening Skills
Really hearing what the other person is saying w/o distractions
131
Semantics
Relationship between words and meanings.
132
Abraham Maslow
Researcher of human motivation. | Hierarchy of Needs
133
Self-actualization
Need to be the best that you can be based on potential.
134
Frederick Herzberg
"...two sets of needs: ...animal, to avoid pain and ...human, to grow psychologically".
135
Herzberg's Hygiene Theory | Maintenance Factors in the Workplace
Factors in work environment that cause satisfaction or dissatisfaction.
136
Douglas McGregor
Theory X and Theory Y (worker motivation)
137
Theory X Management
Assumes employees are lazy and will avoid work.
138
Theory Y Management
Seek and accept responsibility; self-control/direction; accomplish objectives
139
Theory Z (William Ouchi)
Combines Japanese and US management. | reduce turnover, increase commitment, improve morale/ productivity
140
David McClelland's three motivational needs:
achievement, affiliation, and power.
141
Power
Need to lead and make an impact.
142
Personal Power
Belief that someone has power over others.
143
Institutional Power
Direct their teams to further the objectives.
144
Leadership
Inspiring to accomplish a goal.
145
Management
planning, organizing, leading, controlling
146
Coaching
Person with more experience assisting someone to develop skills.
147
Mentoring
Someone with more experience teaching/guiding someone willing to learn.
148
Coercive Power
People who have the means to punish someone.
149
Connection Power
Knowing powerful people.
150
Expert Power
Extremely skilled at his or her craft.
151
Informational Power
Having information someone else needs.
152
Legitimate Power
People who have earned a high position.
153
Reverent Power
Those who are respected.
154
Reward Power
Hand out plum job assignments, pay raises, other benefits.
155
Persuasion
Influencing someone to do something.
156
Change Management
Help employees reach goals by adapting/controlling/ affecting change
157
Public Speaking Anxiety
Stage fright; nervousness, shaking, sweating, dizziness.
158
Overcoming Public Speaking Anxiety
* Know your topic * Get organized * Practice * Visualize your success * Breathe deeply * Focus on your material * Don't fear silence * Recognize your success * Join a group
159
Demonstrative Speech
How to do something.
160
Informative Speech
Inform audience and make sure they really understand
161
Persuasive Speech
Convince someone to do something; usually mix of information and opinion.
162
Entertaining Speech
Primarily for enjoyment.
163
Briefings
Overview about a proposal, issue, problem, or project.
164
Reports
Deliver information; simple or elaborate.
165
Virtual Presentation
Technology to meet with others in real time.
166
Webinar
Real-time presentation with others across the country.
167
Parts of a Speech
Introduction, Body, Conclusion
168
Ways of Organizing a Speech
``` Chronological Geographical Topical Comparison Journalistic ```
169
Visual Aids
charts, maps, or models, objects, drawings, or photographs
170
Presentation Slides
colorful backdrop for presentation, illustrates main points, | helps people remember the message
171
Steps for Designing Presentation Slides
* Choose a template * Choose font styles (generally no more than two) * Choose text size (between 24 to 36 point) * Choose the title size (can be larger than 24 to 36 point) * Choose font color * Choose backgrounds
172
Preparing Presentation Slides
* Outline your ideas * Design your slides * Place appropriate copy on each slide * Place graphics * Add special effects sparingly * Use hyperlinks in the presentation to other websites that contain supporting materials * After the presentation, post the PowerPoint or webinar to a website so attendees can review the presentation
173
Do's and Don'ts for Creating Presentation Slides
* six bullets per slide * no all caps * phrases as opposed to full sentences * simple font * summarize what you want to say on the slides * few animation effects * pick a style and stick to it
174
Handouts
Information you want the audience to take home and refer to later.
175
Credibility
Being reliable and trustworthy
176
Impromptu Speech
Giving a speech without warning
177
Globalization
Buying and selling internationally.
178
Cultural Norms
Behaviors typical of a particular group.
179
Ethnocentrism
Believing your ethnic or cultural is better than anyone else's.
180
How to Create a Diverse Workplace
``` Sensitivity training Celebrate differences Understand your own cultural Do not assume Find similarities ```
181
Etiquette
Set of behaviors that guide formal situations.
182
Colloquialisms
Words or phrases used in informal conversation.
183
Power Distance
How respect is shown based on position.
184
Body Language
Gestures and facial expressions.
185
Virtual Assistant
Assists clients in different locations on a contractual basis
186
Mission Statement
Explains why the company exists and what it hopes to achieve.
187
Vision Statement
Big, long-term goal.
188
Strategic Planning
course to take over next year and beyond. Set priorities, focus energy, work toward common goal.
189
SWOT Analysis
Technique to help identify Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats.
190
What are SMART Goals
``` Specific Measurable Achievable Realistic Time related ```
191
Scrum
Daily, 15-minute mtg. done since last meeting, what are obstacles, work on until next meeting.
192
Corporate Policy
How leadership interacts with employees and customers.
193
Employee Handbook
Company's policies and procedures
194
Six Sigma
Techniques and tools for process improvement. | Motorola 1986; empirical and statistical methods
195
TQM (Total Quality Management)
System for a customer-focused organization that involves all employees in continual improvement.
196
Reengineering
Reviewing the way of doing business and how to improve it.
197
Contract
Terms of employment that spells out rights and responsibilities.
198
Employment At-will Clause
Right to fire or quit for any reason.
199
Items employees may be expected to sign or abide by
* Contract * Code of ethics * Company policies and procedures * Confidentiality or non-compete-clauses
200
Implied Contract
Non-written contract between employees and employers; has been agreed to
201
Confidentiality Clauses
Cannot disclose confidential info.
202
Corporate Espionage
Sharing proprietary knowledge
203
Non-compete Clause
Can't join competition or start a competitive business for certain time after leaving
204
(NDAs) Nondisclosure Agreements
Signed before business specs may be discussed.
205
Grievance Process
Allows complaints to be aired internally before they are made public.
206
Mediator
Go-between in a grievance process
207
Arbitrator
Judge in a grievance process
208
Due Process of Law
Right to a fair trial.
209
CBA (Collective Bargaining Agreement)
Procedures for filing/resolving grievances between employees and employers.
210
Trade Union
Represents workers to achieve common goals.
211
Right-to-work
Nonunion employees not forced to join a union.
212
Union Shop
Business that requires union-only labor
213
Strike
Work stoppage
214
Strikebreakers Scabs
Work instead of strike.
215
Correspondence
written or digital communication.
216
Business Letters
company stationery; formal; permanent record.
217
Document
written matter that records information to be referenced later.
218
Report
An account of proceedings, transactions, or event.
219
Informational Report
Data, facts, and information; no analysis or recommendations.
220
Analytical Report
Data analysis about trends and operations.
221
Email
Efficient method to send messages for prompt response, provides a record.
222
Email Address
Username and domain
223
Email Components
* Recipient * (cc) or (bcc) * Subject Line * Greeting * Message Body * Closing * Attachments (optional)
224
Memo
Communicate information internally; confidential, sensitive, or signature.
225
Template
A starting point for documents or flyers/forms.
226
Transactional Documents
Legally binding records re: transactions between businesses & customers.
227
Financial Report
Document re: financial results, condition, and cash flows.
228
Cash Flow Statement
Shows income as well as cash expenses during a certain period of time
229
Statement of Owner's Equity
Owner's capital at the beginning and end of a period of time
230
Editing
Reviewing work to see whether the content is clear. Aka evaluating content
231
Proofreading
Punctuation, grammar, spelling mistakes. Aka guarantee accuracy
232
Formal Documents
Communicating facts; part of official record; specific style and format.
233
What are Reports?
* Progress Report * Analytical Report * Compliance Report * Written Proposal * Informal Report * Formal Proposal * RFP (Request for Proposal) * Planning Document * Memo * Business Letters * Notes
234
Informal Documents
Shorter than a formal document; resembles a substantial letter or memo.
235
Progress Report | aka Process, Periodic, Recurring
Written update for a project; purpose and nature; provides some background
236
Compliance Report
Complying with guidelines, regulations, or legislation
237
Written Proposal
What a company can do for a potential client.
238
Informal Report
One and three pages; formatted similar to letter/memo, direct approach, no prefatory sections
239
Formal Proposal
Several to a couple hundred pages, supporting documents: RFP, summary, title page, table of contents, appendix.
240
Planning Document
Organize a project, lists milestones.
241
Notes (Minutes)
Taken during a meeting, attendees and absentees, previous minutes, motions/votes, recorders name
242
Summary
Highlights most important information.
243
Text Messages or Instant Messaging (IM)
Quickly exchange information using a smartphone or Internet in real time.
244
Flyer
Inexpensive way to make an announcement about an event, service, or product
245
Style Guides
Manuals on basic rules of writing | The Elements of Style (aka Strunk and White), The Gregg Reference Manual, The Chicago Manual of Style.
246
Tips for Editing Written Communication
Corrections can be done on paper or electronically. No black ink, use proofreader's marks, and track changes.
247
Gunning Fog Index | Document Readability
Readability formula to determine reading complexity. Ideal score is 7 or 8. Above 12 is too hard for most people (Robert Gunning)
248
Copyediting
Correcting errors and making it editorial style
249
Editing Checklist
Check each paragraph (clear purpose, support main point, strong conclusion) Check each sentence (clarity, grammar, active voice) Check the wording (unnecessary words, technical words, abbreviations, use of pronouns)
250
Proofreading Checklist
* Run spell/grammar check * Concise wording * Check spellings & punctuation * Proper capitalization * Look for consistence * Margins * Bullets placed consistently & punctuated consistently
251
Copyediting Checklist
* Follow company style guidelines * Fact check * Names, facts, figures, times, dates correct and consistent
252
Redundancy
Saying the same thing two different ways
253
Grammar
Set of rules for clauses, phrases, and words.
254
Nouns
People, animals, concepts, and things
255
Pronouns
In place of nouns (he, she)
256
Verbs
Convey action, also include being/helping/possession words
257
Adjectives
Modify nouns and pronouns; which, what kind, how much
258
Conjunctions
Join words together to show adding a thought (and, but, or, so)
259
Prepositions
Link words to show relationships (about, on, under)
260
Interjections
Short words: Great!; used alone or in short phrases to show emotion or add emphasis.
261
Parts of a Proper Sentence
``` Subject Predicate Verb Tense Dangling Modifiers Independent Clause Parallelism Paragraphs ```
262
Subject
Who or what the sentence is about
263
Predicate
Modifies the subject; includes the verb and objects/phrases governed by the verb.
264
Verb Tense
What time it is in a sentence: present, past, future
265
Dangling Modifiers
Word or phrase that modified a word NOT clearly stated in the sentence.
266
Independent Clause
Complete thought; can stand alone as a sentence.
267
Parallelism/Parallel Structure/Parallel Construction
Helps readers understand how two or more parts of a sentence are related.
268
Paragraphs
Opening sentence followed by supporting statements.
269
Punctuation
Making a sentence clear using spaces, capitalization, and symbols.
270
Comma (,)
Join two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, yet), to divide list of objects
271
Colon (:)
After independent clauses to show what is coming next. A signal for the reader to pay attention
272
Semicolon (;)
Links closely related independent clauses or sentences that are not joined with conjunction
273
Period
Used when you make a statement, request, command
274
Question mark (?)
Used when asking a question
275
Exclamation Point (!)
Used when showing strong emotion or significance
276
En dash (-)
One dash to specify any kind of range in numbers
277
Em dash (--)
Two hyphens together to separate or highlight a thought.
278
Hyphen (-)
Joins words or separates syllables in a single word
279
Parentheses ()
Used to clarify or provide secondary information
280
Brackets []
Used to insert your own words into quotes or enclose a set of words that are already inside parentheses.
281
Capitalization
Sentence is about to start or the proper name of a person or place is being used.
282
Apostrophe
To show something belongs to someone. If the word already ends in s, just add the apostrophe.
283
Common misspelling mistakes
Affect (to act on) / Effect (result produced by something) All right / Alright ("all right" is correct) Its (third-person singular possessive adjective) / It's (contraction of "it is") Passed (past tense of the verb "pass" / Past (refers to time or place) Then (indicates time) / Than (used as a conjunction or preposition) There (location / Their (possessive pronoun for "they") Too (also) / To (indicates movement or action Your (possessive of "you") / You're (contraction of "you are") Were (past form of "to be") / We're (contraction of "we are") Who's (contraction of "who is") / Whose (possessive form of "who")Affect (to act on) / Effect (result produced by something)
284
Active Voice
subject performs the action.
285
Passive Voice
subject receives the action.
286
Rules for Capitalization
Titles before a name are capitalized: Proper names of places are capitalized: Proper names are capitalized: Proper names or organizations such as colleges, businesses, associations, governmental organizations, and departments are capitalized Geographical regions, but not areas or directions, are capitalized
287
Primary Research
Collecting information through surveys, records, observations
288
Secondary Research
Reading books/periodicals or searching the Internet
289
Jargon
Industry terminology - use only if the audience understands
290
Parts of a Document
* Headers and Footers * Headlines and Titles * Body Copy * Watermark * Table of Contents or Index
291
How to Show Credits in a Document
Can be at the beginning or end or both -- include: * Name of company * List of the employees who produced the piece * The date * Company that printed it * Copyright information * Address * Logo
292
Illustrations in a Document
Can include charts, diagrams, and infographics Design Software Desktop Publishing Adobe InDesign
293
Headlines and Titles
Helps reader identify at a glance the reason for the document and its main section.
294
Body Copy
The meat of the document
295
Watermark
A faint design or words on the page behind the copy.
296
Table of Contents or Index
A navigation tool for long documents to show page numbers for each section or topic.
297
Formatting
The way the copy is organized and presented.
298
Typeface Font
Serif or Sans Serif
299
Serif Font
small projections; generally assumed to be easier to read.
300
Sans Serif Font
without small projections; Popular online
301
Indirect Style of Quote
Paraphrasing using third person narration
302
Direct Style of Quote
Quoting the source exactly and using quotation marks
303
Simile
A figure of speech; connects the subjects using "as," "like," or "than." (Working like a dog)
304
Metaphor
something is the same as something else.
305
Advantages of working in a team
``` share mutual goals bring different skills, experiences, and talents hold each other accountable build off others' ideas learn from each other others can fill in ```
306
Disadvantages of working in a team
some individuals might not feel they are part of the success sometimes do not get along have trouble compromising or listening to other ideas Slower members of the team can inhibit the rest of the team
307
Database
Collection of information organized to be accessed, searched, updated.
308
Brand
Reputation that influences customer expectations
309
Branding
Promotion of product/service with a particular brand
310
Microsoft Word
Most popular word processing program for text documents; write, edit, share
311
Most common word processing programs used to generate business letters.
Microsoft Word, Google Docs, Apple Pages
312
Microsoft Excel
For creating spreadsheets; organize and store data in rows and columns
313
Microsoft Excel Basic Formulas
Add: =SUM(A1:B1) or =(A1:B1) Multiply: =SUM(A1B1) or =(A1B1) Divide: =SUM(A1/B1) or =(A1/B1) Average: =AVERAGE(A1:E1)
314
Prezi
A cloud-based alternative to Microsoft PowerPoint
315
Desktop Publishing
Software to arrange text and graphics for a report, newsletter, into a pleasing layout. MS Publisher, Adobe InDesign
316
Bullets (Bullet Points)
To display information in an organized and easy-to-read manner.
317
Table
Columns and rows that represent a certain set of data
318
Page Break
Creates a new page
319
Justify
Gives evenly spaced wording on both the left and right margins
320
Line Spacing
The space between sentences and paragraphs Aka Leading
321
Pixel
Smallest physical object in an image. Many of these combined create an image.
322
PAR (Pixel Aspect Ratio), aka DAR (Dot Aspect Ratio)
ratio of width to height in an image.
323
DPI (Dots Per Inch), aka PPI (pixels per inch)
pixel, or dot, density
324
Pantone Color Matching System
A standardized color reproduction system.
325
Domain
unique name on the Internet.
326
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
Maximizing the number of visitors to a website by ensuring the site appears high on the list of results
327
Microsoft Publisher
Desktop publishing software for producing newsletters, brochures, post cards
328
Microsoft PowerPoint
Create slide show presentations using text, graphics, animation, audio, video
329
Microsoft Visio
Detailed charts, diagrams, and other graphical representation
330
Adobe Illustrator
Software to create graphics for websites or for simple print designs
331
Adobe InDesign
Manage body copy, grid layouts, and pixel data, for book design
332
Apple Keynote
Create slide show presentations on Mac computers
333
Typeface
Website-safe fonts such as: Arial Georgia Tahoma Courier
334
Style Guide
A company's brand that dictates fonts, colors, logo placements, and other elements.
335
Symmetry
Balanced layout with similar text shapes and graphics
336
Asymmetry
Opposite of a symmetry, text and graphics not matching
337
Word Wrapping
Divides lines so words are never split between lines. Aka line breaking
338
Logo
A symbol or design developed by your company to identify its products.
339
Trademark
Protects the company from someone else using their logo, company name, slogans, or designs
340
Memoranda
Internal communications about a particular topic
341
Headers and Footers
Spaces at the top and bottom of a document to showcase relevant information
342
Paper for Documents
* Simple memo - use copy paper * Annual report, marketing flyer, or similar publication - work with a printing company and use a heavier, more suitable paper weight * Paper that is heavier, or paper with a glossy finish, adds professionalism to the finished product. Paper with a watermark includes a faint design in the paper. * Company letterhead, which usually features the company's name, logo, colors, and address, often has a watermark and is suitable for formal letters.
343
Digital Watermark
A marker embedded in audio, video, or image data used to show copyright ownership.
344
Envelope Sizes
* A #10 envelope is usually used for business letters * Window envelopes are used for bills and official notices. * Booklet envelopes have a flap along their length and are often used to send materials that cannot or should not be folded
345
Web Builders, aka "Drag and Drop Builders" or "WYSIWYG" (what you see is what you get)
Web design done graphically; what you do converted to code by the software.
346
WordPress
``` Easy-to-use for web design. Purchasable domains most customizable some coding knowledge used to create a blog ```
347
Squarespace
* Easier than WordPress * Domains for purchase * Existing templates * One-stop shop
348
Google Sites
Similar to WordPress. purchasable domains from a provider Many templates to insert data
349
WIX
popular; easy-to-use | no coding experience
350
Technical Guidelines for Color-Coding and Pixel Ratio
*RGB stands for red, green, and blue *CMYK stands for cyan, magenta, yellow, and black WEB DESIGN GRAPHICS TIPS *Picture quality between 72 and 200 dpi *Common color codes used for RGB are hex codes that consist of numbers and letters (e.g., #FFFFFF stands for the color White) PRINT DESIGN GRAPHICS TIPS Picture quality at 300 dpi
351
Webinars
Online meetings or presentations; participants virtually from around the world; can be watched in real time or at other times.
352
Chart
A collection of information on a sheet or display in the form of graph, table, or diagram. * Bar * Pie * Line * Scatter Plot
353
What's a Line Chart for
data trends
354
What's a Bar Chart for
comparing data
355
What's a Pie Chart for
showing percentages
356
What's a Column Chart for
showing visual comparisons between data intervals
357
What's an Organizational Chart for
Hierarchical representation of a department, organization, or another entity showing the relationship between objects.
358
Variable
A quantity or measured value displayed in a chart
359
Graph
A chart showing the relationship between two variables.
360
Legend
A small section defining what certain colors or symbols represent
361
Y Axis
Vertical axis, "up and down."
362
X Axis
Horizontal axis, "left to right."
363
Column
vertical section in Excel, labeled with letters.
364
Row
horizontal section in Excel, labeled with numbers
365
Cell
Where column and a row intersect in excel
366
Embedding tables and charts
Allows you to insert these objects into other programs that did not create them.
367
SmartArt
To organize information such as processes, flowcharts, or other graphical information.
368
Binding
Uses plastic or wire GBC, Velobind, or thermal binding to finish documents with a professional look
369
Tabs
Separate chapters or sections with individual dividers
370
Laminating
Clear protective coating to prevent tearing; for flyers, menus, charts, and maps.
371
Finishing
Portfolios, pockets folders, or page protectors
372
Mounting
Can help prevent folds, wrinkles, and dog-ears
373
Folding and Trimming
For tri-fold brochures, custom paper sizes, and foldouts
374
Annotated Proofing
Editing markups to proof hard copy, using marks/symbols
375
Minute Taker
Person who ensures an accurate summary of the meeting is documented for future reference.
376
Minutes
An official record of what happened at the meeting
377
Template for Minutes
Often includes the following: * Name of the company or organization * Date, time and place of meeting * Names of members who were present or absent during the meeting * Reports from committee members, officers, or other individuals * Motions made * Items needing action or a decision * Date and time of the next meeting * Date and time of adjournment * Name, title, and signature of the person recording the minutes.
378
Media Richness Theory
Information fitting within the carrying capacity of its medium is more likely to be understood, and information richness occurs when the exchange of information changes someone's mind during a certain time.
379
Steps for preparing electronic document for distribution
1. Preparing -- Save documents periodically, v1, v2, A, B, C, or 1, 2, or 3 for multiple versions 2. Protecting -- Password protected, Track changes, Digital Signature 3. Printing
380
Password Protected
Confidential documents are protected with a password and are available only for certain employees to view. *Password to Open *Password to Modify
381
Marked as Final
Saves the file with the last set of changes to indicate no further changes should be made.
382
Digital Signature
An electronic, encrypted stamp of authentication on digital information
383
Orientation Style
Portrait or Landscape Layout
384
Fax Machines Facsimiles
Transmit documents to the receiving party at a faster pace than snail mail
385
All-In-One Printers and Photocopy machine
Print, scan, and copy from one machine.
386
Output Formatting
Produce booklets. Features: booklet creation, transparency separators, special pages, page layout, and annotations
387
Booklet Creation
Output Formatting feature; it will fold and staple or hole punch the document.
388
Transparency Separators
Output Formatting feature; insert transparency pages into your document.
389
Special Pages
Output Formatting feature; select multiple trays for documents with varied sized pages pulling from both the dedicated letter and legal trays while copying.
390
Page Layout
Output Formatting feature; copy multiple pages onto one page similar to slide handouts.
391
Annotates
Output Formatting feature; add numbers and dates to the copied and scanned documents.
392
Image Quality
Output Formatting feature; print exactly as the original, adjust sharpness, enhance overall appearance, change color presets/balance
393
Approaches to delivering a PowerPoint Presentation
* Applying Presentation Tools * Setting Up Slide Shows * Presentation Timing * Recording Presentations
394
Presentation Tools in PowerPoint
Using a pen or highlighter, changing the color of the ink in the pen or highlighter, or erasing a notation altogether; right click on slide.
395
Setting Up a Slide Show in PowerPoint
Adjusting settings: how the presentation will be delivered, if all the slides will be shown or only a subset, if the slide show will loop continuously, if it will be shown with narration or animation, of if timing will be used. Can also be adjusted for which color pen or laser pointer should be used.
396
Recording Presentations in Power Point
Used when preparing a presentation for someone prior to the actual presentation. Also useful for others who are viewing the presentation on their personal computers. Recorded timings are used to set up the presentation to move automatically from one slide to the next. When recording a presentation, you can specify the following: *Whether to record from the first slide or the current slide *Whether to include slide timings and animations times *Whether to include narrations and laser point movements
397
What are the 2 most popular methods companies use to communicate internally and externally?
Email and traditional letters
398
Policy for Distributing or Filing Documents
Type of document and its purpose, size, recipient, and destination often will determine how a piece is sent.
399
What does USPS stand for?
United States Postal Service
400
Guarantees overnight delivery and is the most expensive option
Express Mail | USPS
401
Cost-effective choice for two-day delivery
Priority Mail | USPS
402
For letters, large envelopes, and postcards weighing 13 ounces or less that need to arrive in fewer than three days.
First Class Mail | USPS
403
Least expensive option for envelopes and packages weighing 70 pounds or less but delivery may take up to 8 days
Parcel Post | USPS
404
National Business Do-Not Call Registry
http://bizdonotcall.com/
405
Fax Messages
Send info quickly through phone line. To protect sensitive information and to ensure the document is delivered to the proper person, include a cover sheet that includes the recipient's and sender's names, fax numbers, phone numbers, and the date and number of pages.
406
Interoffice Mail
For sending written communications between offices.
407
Plagiarism
The act of presenting someone else's work as your own
408
Intellectual Property
Original ideas used in business (inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, symbols, names, and images)
409
Footnote
Used for making a point that needs more explanation, an asterisk or number is placed next to the word, it's at the bottom of the page
410
Endnotes
Similar to footnotes but are listed at the end of the paper, not on each relevant page
411
Proprietary
Something that is created by someone and gives the creator exclusive legal rights.
412
Citing Attribution
Giving credit to the author
413
_______________ refers to the legal right of the owner of intellectual property or published works. In simpler terms, it's the right to copy. Life of author + 70 yrs
Copyrights
414
Hackers
People who use computers to gain unauthorized access to information.
415
Notary Public
An official witness to verity the authenticity of signatures on documents.
416
Primary Source
Something written or created during the period being studied and gives a first-hand look at the events.
417
Original Documents include:
Diaries, speeches, manuscripts, letters, interviews, news films or videos, autobiographies, official records, newspapers, magazines, governmental documents, maps, stone tablets
418
Creative Documents include:
Poems, plays, novels, musical works, artworks, recordings
419
Relics or Artifacts include:
Pottery, furniture, clothing, buildings, jewelry, needlework, board games
420
Secondary Source
Analysis and compilation of information from primary sources.
421
The Internet is...
one of the easiest ways to do research
422
Search Engine
Program that finds items matching your key search words.
423
Boolean Search
Linking words together (and/or) to get closer to finding what you're looking for, originated by English mathematician George Boole.
424
Ulrich's Periodicals Directory
Database of publications (magazines, newspapers, scientific journals, academic publications). 1932; more than 300,000 periodicals
425
Social Media
Collection of Internet-based communities interact.
426
Peer Review
Having coworkers review stuff you have written.
427
Scientific Method
Testing a hypothesis through experiments, recording results, reaching conclusion
428
Goal Matrix
Defines which data is appropriate to collect and why, will clarify the most important objectives the business is trying to achieve
429
Anecdotal Evidence
Information based on a person's thoughts or feelings
430
Hard Data
Test scores, website analytics, product sales
431
Spam
Unsolicited email sent in bulk usually to advertise a product or service.
432
Interfaces
various functions to organize, archive, send, and receive information that is sent to them.
433
Emoticons
Combinations of symbols that loosely depict the human face.
434
Emailing List Server
Send a large number of emails using one email address.
435
A social media outlet where professionals can connect
LinkedIn
436
A platform for posting short 140-character or fewer messages called tweets.
Twitter
437
Blog
A record of someone's thoughts posted on the Internet for others to read.
438
A way for friends to keep in touch and for companies to interact with their customers.
Facebook
439
A popular social media site for sharing ideas and images.
Pinterest
440
Hootsuite
A social media management system that supports social network integrations
441
Wikis
Sharing resources that are informative in nature.
442
Video-sharing sites.
YouTube and Vimeo
443
Chatrooms
Group of people with similar interests to get together and send messages to each other in real time
444
Web self-service
Information on the website that customers can use to get their questions answered
445
Intranet
Visible only to employees in company.
446
Device Driver
Software program that allows a piece of hardware to interact with an operating system.
447
Plug and Play
Devices that work automatically (keyboards, mouse, USB flash drive)
448
Operating System
The main software of a computer system; manages hardware/software/file systems, and provides a user interface.
449
Application
Software installed onto an operating system generally used for a specific purpose.
450
A suite of office production applications. Includes Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Outlook.
Microsoft Office
451
Spreadsheet
Data stored in columns and rows.
452
user-specific and customizable file space on an operating system.
User Account
453
Administrative Privileges
elevated privileges needed to accomplish administrative tasks
454
Log Files
System or application files created to record specific activity.
455
Form Factor
Size and shape of a computer, helps determine which hardware components are compatible.
456
Network
A group of computers connected to exchange data
457
LAN | Local Area Network
A computer network typically constrained to a single office or building
458
WAN | Wide Area Network
A computer network that reaches beyond the LAN and uses an Internet carrier to connect to remote locations or Internet resources
459
IP Address
Logical address used to uniquely identify a computer, printer
460
ESD | Electrostatic Discharge
The sudden flow of electricity between two objects.
461
EMI | Electromagnetic Interference
interference when one device crosses the electromagnetic field of another.
462
UPS | Uninterruptible Power Supply
A device often used as a battery backup
463
Surge Protector
Device used to protect sensitive equipment from dangerous power surges.
464
Desktop
computer found in a workplace setting w/ keyboard, mouse, peripherals
465
Laptop
A portable computer; fit in briefcase
466
Tablet
computing device; 7 to 12 inches in size; touch or stylus
467
A cell phone that is able to run multiple applications.
Smartphone
468
Server
Computer that is often larger than a desktop computer and kept in a server closet to provide programs or other functions to end user computers
469
Mainframe
A large computer supporting multiple clients.
470
Thin Client
A smaller computing device that sits at a desk or workstation that has connections for a keyboard, mouse, display, and peripherals.
471
A measure of copier speed
Copies Per Minute | CPM
472
A measure of printer speed
Pages Per Minute | PPM
473
Automatic Document Feeder | ADF
Copy multiple sheets at the same time without manually changing pages after each scan.
474
Large Capacity Feeder | LCF
Added to equipment for high-volume printing or copying environments
475
Duplex
Double-sided printing or copying.
476
Finisher
Stapling, hole punching, binding, folding, etc.
477
Offset sorting
Sorted and stacked in a single pile rather than sorted into separate bins
478
Bypass Tray
Manually insert a page outside of the normal document feeder.
479
Consumables
Parts that you have to replace; toner cartridges, rollers, drum kits
480
A measure of pixel, or dot, density, the number of individual dots within a one-inch span.
Dots Per Inch (DPI)
481
sending a job to the printer.
Spooling
482
Printer Command Language | PCL
communication between computers and printers
483
printing language for printing images
Postscript
484
printing, scanning, copying, and faxing; one machine
All-In-One
485
Text or images sent traditionally via a phone line.
Fax | Fascimile
486
Total Cost of Ownership | TCO
A figure often considered when comparing equipment lease or buy options.
487
TWAIN
Standard for pulling images from scanners.
488
Internal Components
The motherboard, RAM (random-access memory), processor, hard drive, video card, sound card, cooling fans
489
Peripherals
Devices connected to the computer from outside of the case. (Mouse, keyboard)
490
Input Devices
Devices that provide input to the computer (keyboard, mouse)
491
Output Devices
Devices that provide output (Monitor, speakers, printer)
492
Storage Devices
Devices that store short-term and long-term information. RAM, hard drives, USP flash drives, external hard drives, CDs
493
Save-Energy Feature
Low-power state, conserve electricity, partially power down when not in use for period of time.
494
Driver
Software installed to allow a hardware device to communicate with an operating system
495
Availability
System being ready and able to perform its regular functions
496
Baseline
How a system is supposed to perform under normal conditions.
497
Knowledge Base (KB)
A central website that provides a wealth of knowledge about a particular product
498
Troubleshooting Flowchart
AKA: scripts, help perform basic support for software or equipment.
499
Service Level Agreement (SLA)
A document that defines the level of service to be expected from a service provider.
500
Steps for Setting Up a Basic Workstation
1. Connect monitor or display 2. Connect peripherals (keyboard, mouse, speakers, etc.) 3. Connect network 4. Connect to power (Be sure to use a surge protector.)
501
Major Functions of an Operating System
* Manage Hardware * Manage Software * Manage Files * Provide a User Interface * GUI (Graphical User Interface) * CLI (Command Line Interface)
502
The main software of a computer system responsible for managing hardware, managing software, managing the file system, and providing a user interface.
Operating System | OS
503
Computer programs installed on a computer's operating system.
Applications
504
Minimum Hardware Requirements
Requirements hardware needs to be compatible w/ Operating System.
505
Minimum Software Requirements
Requirements software needs to be compatible with Operating System
506
Board attached to the computer case; it is a central point for plugging in all internal and external components
Motherboard
507
A chip that is often considered the brain of the computer.
CPU | Central Processing Unit
508
This type of memory temporarily holds data for processing.
RAM | Random access memory
509
Service Pack
An updated version of an operating system that includes all software patches and security updates up to a certain point.
510
Patch Management
Systematically testing and implementing software and security updates.
511
This is a newer type of cable that carries audio and video signals.
HDMI | High-Definition Multimedia Interface
512
DVI | Digital Visual Interface
A common port/cable for connecting a monitor or display.
513
VGA | Video Graphics Array
A common port/cable for connecting a monitor or display.
514
USB | Universal Serial Bus
A serial interface often used to connect peripherals and storage devices to computers. Mini, Micro, and Types A and B.
515
The main local storage component of a computer.
Hard Disk Drive
516
Drive Letter
An alphabetical letter assigned to a physical drive in a computer. C:
517
Internet and all its related software and services.
Cloud
518
where digital data is stored in logical pools. e.g. OneDrive, Google Drive
Cloud Storage
519
Removable Media
USB flash drives, optical media, portable hard drives
520
Flash Media
Storage, often removable, that has no moving parts.
521
Optical Media
CDs and DVDs.
522
An obsolete storage medium but still may be found in archives
Floppy Disk
523
image, greatly reduced and copied onto a paper or film for archiving.
Microform
524
Tape Backup
media used by IT for organization-level data backups
525
Off-Site Storage
Used to safeguard archived items such as backup tapes or paper files.
526
File Extensions
Helps identify/organize files; tells the operating system which program to use to open it.
527
The simplest of text file formats. Readable on most word processors, it cannot save formatting.
TXT | Text File
528
A very simple text file format that is readable on virtually every word processor It is similar to TXT files but has the ability to format data, such as changing font type of size.
RTF | Rich Text Format
529
DOCX
Microsoft Word
530
XLSX
Microsoft Excel
531
PPTX
Microsoft PowerPoint
532
ACCDB
Microsoft Access database
533
Adobe Reader is the software required to view ____ files. It's available for virtually any desktop, laptop, or mobile device regardless of operating system.
PDF | Portable Document Format
534
This file extension is used for files intended to be viewed in a web browser
HTML | Hypertext Markup Language
535
These files are compressed folders, which save disk space
ZIP
536
Print to File
Print a document not on paper, but usually in PDF form.
537
File types that lose quality as they are converted from the original version
Lossy
538
File types that do not lose quality as they are converted from the original version
Lossless
539
Lossless file format often used for saving image files.
Tiff | Tagged Image File Format
540
Lossless file type often used for web images and email.
JPEG | Joint Photographic Experts Group
541
Document Conversion Software
* MyMorph * WinZIP * CutePDF * YouConvertIt
542
Primary Storage is called _____
RAM
543
Secondary Storage includes:
Computer hard drive, USB flash drive, optical media, or floppy disk
544
Local Storage
Storage inside of or connect to your computer
545
Data Backups
Copying data from a primary to a secondary location, to protect it in case of a disaster
546
RPO | Recovery Point Objective
point in time you wish to recover data.
547
RTO | Recovery Time Objective
time goal for how long it will take to bring your data and systems back online.
548
The ability to save copies of your data across multiple devices.
File Syncing Utilities
549
Separate facility for storing backup and archive data of various types.
Off-site Storage
550
To make a copy of an entire computer system at a certain point in time.
Snapshot
551
Network security device that can allow, block, and filter network traffic
Firewall
552
The maximum speed allowed by a data line.
Bandwidth
553
Measure of the actual speed data is moving on the line.
Throughput
554
The act of gaining unauthorized access to resources or information through human deception.
Social engineering
555
FERPA | Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
Privacy of student data
556
GLBA | Gramm-Leach Bliley Act
Data security in the financial industry
557
HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Protects the privacy of health information
558
PCI-DSS | Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard
Guidelines for dealing with credit card or electronic payment information
559
Electronic Communications Privacy Act
Regulation of the storage of telephone calls including transmissions of electronic data by computer
560
This is the backup of an entire computer system, and it takes the longest time to complete
Full Backup
561
Backs up only the files that have had changes since the last full backup
Differential
562
Backs up files that have changed since the last incremental backup
Incremental
563
Technology used by backup systems to help conserve storage space by only keeping one copy of particular information.
De-duplication
564
ARMA International
Leading professional organization and authority on record management; set of filing rules, formerly the Association of Records Managers and Administrators
565
Process of duplicating information in an effort to protect against damage or loss
Backup
566
Computer and device connections classified into the three geographical areas they cover: LAN (Local area networks) MAN (Metropolitan area networks) WAN (Wide area networks)
Computer Network
567
Data Archiving
Transferring online electronic records to removable storage for off-line storage
568
The records retirement or destruction date found in the records retention schedule.
Disposition
569
EDRMS | Electronic Document and Records Management System
A content management system that integrates technologies of electronic document and records management
570
Electronic Record
A record stored on an electronic storage device
571
File
A collection of records
572
Often manila folders that are labeled and used to store records
File Folder
573
Image record
A digital image of a record stored on microfilm or CD
574
A list of items in a particular order
Index
575
An adhesive sticker used to mark a file folder
Label
576
The framework to manage electronic and manual records from beginning through final disposition
Life Cycle
577
Identifying information about a record
Metadata
578
A unit of recorded information
Record
579
A systematic control of recorded information
Records management
580
The individual responsible for systematically managing the records that flow in and out of the organization
Records Manager
581
The act of retaining records for a specified period of time
Records Retention
582
Records Storage System
The method by which electronic or manual records are stored (alpha or numeric)
583
Tab Cut
File folders often include tabs, which are used to help organize files in a drawer or on a shelf: 1/3 cut, 1/5 cut, straight cut
584
File Management
Organizing, arranging, and maintaining important records and documents for easy retrieval.
585
Electronic File Management
Electronic and computer-based records management system used to store records throughout the records' life cycle.
586
Advantages of Electronic File Management
* Productivity * File integrity * Convenience * Physical storage
587
Disadvantages of Electronic File Management
* Cost | * Security
588
Works well for storing paper records when more than one worker has access to the files
Manual (Paper) File Management
589
Centralized Filing
A consolidation of records that gives multiple workers access to the information
590
Decentralized filing
Records scattered throughout the organization
591
Advantages of Manual (Paper) File Management
* Productivity * Cost * Handling * Production
592
Disadvantages of Manual (Paper) File Management
* can be time consuming | * requires physical space
593
ASCII | American Standard Code for Information Interchange
The numerical representation of a character.
594
Scanning is also known as...
Document imaging
595
Direct Access Files
Records are stored on a device such as a hard disk or thumb drive
596
Indirect Access Files
Records are stored on a device that is accessed in exact order, such as magnetic tape
597
A specific location in electronic storage that will indicate the computer drive designated, the folders and subfolders where the file is located, and the name of the file) ex: C:\My Documents\)
File Path
598
Windows Explorer
View, manage, and search for files and folders on drives.
599
Cloud-Based Storage
Records are kept on remote servers and accessed through the Internet.
600
Companies offering software, systems, and services for electronic filing
* GoogleDocs * DropBox * Laserfiche * SharePoint * DocSTAR * FileNet
601
Alphabetic Filing System
Records are filed alphabetically from A to Z according to name.
602
Files are filed alphabetically according to name with the most current date in front. Unit can be a name, number, or subject, for maintaining consistency in the alphabetic system.
Unit-by-unit Method of Filing
603
Used when records are retrieved by subject rather than by a person's name of a business's name.
Subject Filing System
604
Subject Index
Prevents records from being filed in numerous locations when a subject has already been set up for that record
605
Records have unique numbers affixed to them for identification. Recommended for filing large volumes of records.
Numeric Filing System
606
Accession Log
Assigning the numbers in a numeric filing system.
607
What are these 5 Stages of a Record's Life Cycle:
1. Planning 2. Receipt, collection, or creation 3. Active Use 4. Storage, protection, and retention 5. Disposition
608
Benefits of LAN (Local Area Network)
* Printers can be shared among computer * Installation of software can be managed * Files stored within the organization can be backed up and stored on files servers
609
Determining the name to be used in storing a record
Indexing
610
Marking the units of the filing segment (or name) by which the record is to be stored
Coding
611
A document may be called for by more than one name; keep a ___________ sheet for easy retrieval
Cross-Referencing
612
Arranging records in the order they are to be filed
Sorting
613
Placing a document in the file folder and then the file drawer
Storing
614
Records Retention Schedule
Indicates the length of time records are to be maintained.
615
CFR | Code of Federal Regulations
Record-keeping requirements for organizations operating within the US
616
Employee Retirement Income Security Act
Provides the record-keeping requirements of organizations that offer pension plans, health coverage plans, disability plans, and other benefits to employees
617
Equal Pay Act
Requires employers to retain employment information related to work performed by employees
618
FERPA | Family Education Rights and Privacy Act
Protects the privacy of student information
619
Patriot Act
Mostly impacted the document-managing process of banking and financial institutions and communication providers such a libraries
620
SOX | Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Improve corporate governance/accountability, minimum retention period for records that contain financial data
621
Advantages/Disadvantages of Electronic Records and File Security
Advantages: are backed up regularly on a server, controlled through identifiers and password codes Disadvantages: can be accessed and compromised by unauthorized individuals, susceptible to natural disasters
622
Encryption
An effective way to achieve data security.
623
What is Unencrypted Data
Plain text
624
What is Encrypted Data
Cipher text
625
Advantages/Disadvantages of Manual (paper) Records and File Security
* Advantages: Computer hackers cannot gain access, file cabinets can be secured and locked by a key. * Disadvantages: tend to be safe until an unauthorized person gains access without permission, are susceptible to natural disasters, typically, there is only one printed record and no backup copy.
626
Vital Records
Records that cannot be replaced nor should they be destroyed.
627
Important Records
Records that are important for the orderly continuation of a business.
628
Useful Records
Records that are helpful for the day-to-day operations of a business.
629
Nonessential Records
Records that typically have no future value and should be destroyed.
630
Records that are continuously being transferred
Perpetual Transfer
631
Records that are moved during a specific period of time
Periodic Transfer
632
* Bar codes that can communicate with a networked system to track products * can communicate with an electronic reader * reader is connected to a large computer network * your bank is notified and the amount of the bill is subtracted form your bank account.
RFID | Radio Frequency Identification
633
What's typically in an Office Environment
Office workspace w/ * Desk * Desk chair * Computer * Lighting * Supplies
634
Involves a proposal by one company seeking to offer services or bid for business with another company.
Competitive Bidding
635
Processes to communicate the day-to-day methods for acquiring goods and services.
SOPs | Standard Operating Procedures
636
A system to accurately convey the needs of the customers so contracts or purchase orders can be initiated.
SOW | Statement of Work) (Specifications of Materials
637
Included in an RFP | (Request for Proposal):
* A description of the material or service * A technical description * The date the product or service is expected * The act price * The shipping destination, methods, and terms
638
Ways to initiate a Purchase Request
* Requisition * MRP (Material Requirements Planning) * Catalog ordering * System-generated orders
639
* Uniform Commercial Code * Antitrust Legislation * The Sherman Antitrust Act * The Clayton Antitrust Act * The Robinson-Patman Act * The Federal Trace Commission Act * The Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act * The Small Business Act * The Davis-Bacon Act * The Service Contract Act * The Prompt Payment Act
Laws and Governmental Regulations affecting procurement activities
640
Inventory Management System
A tool to determine the quantity of materials to be ordered and the timing of their delivery.
641
Virtual Office
Working from a location outside of the office
642
Advantages of Virtual Office
* save money * less traveling * productivity increases * more flexibility
643
Disadvantages of Virtual Office
* requires focus, motivation, and self-discipline * no centralized meeting space * isolation * difficulty separating work from home
644
Advantage of the Traditional Office
* centralized areas to hold meetings * more social interaction * more motivated
645
Disadvantages of the Traditional Office
* high costs for employers | * employees spend more money on clothes, car expenses etc
646
Internal Meetings
For internal stakeholders only (staff)
647
Departmental Meetings
Review policies, procedures, goals, projects, and progress reports.
648
Decision-Making Meetings
Set goals and objectives or solve problems
649
Brainstorming Sessions
Generate new ideas
650
Forecasting Meetings
A look at industry trends and predict new market behaviors
651
Training Seminars
Properly educate staff of procedures or technology
652
Committee Meetings
Review specific projects that might involve cross-departmental activity
653
Bring together the organization's high-level leaders
Executive Meetings or Retreats
654
Bring executives together with the governing organizational body
Board Meetings
655
Address a specific problem or task
Ad Hoc Meetings
656
Bring together specific groups of people to work on a single defined task or activity.
Task Force Meetings
657
Involve everyone within the organization.
Companywide Meetings and Events
658
Bring staff or internal stakeholders together with external stakeholders.
External meetings
659
* Clients * Customers * Constituents * Community Partners * Vendors * Media
External Stakeholders
660
Purpose of Client-Facing Meetings
Gain feedback, troubleshoot problems, serve clients, or propose new business partnerships
661
Introduce potential buyers, the media, and customers to new products
Product Launches
662
Bring people together to discuss a particular area of interest.
Conferences | Multidate or One-Day) "(Congresses" outside the U.S.
663
Trade Shows | "Expositions" outside the U.S.
Connect buyers with supplier
664
Raise money or awareness
Gala Events
665
Make important company announcements
Press Conferences
666
Inform investors of company progress and performance
Shareholder Meetings
667
The preapproved amount that may be spent per person for travel-related expenses
Per Diem
668
The outbound date is the day of departure. | Inbound travel describes the return trip.
Outbound Inbound Travel
669
The least expensive airline category
Economy
670
more expensive than economy more benefits business travelers
Business Class | Economy Plus
671
most expensive comes with benefits enhance the experience for VIP
First Class
672
Day-by-day schedule of all travel components and activities
Itinerary
673
The number or code connected with an electronic record for every reservation.
Confirmation number or code
674
Loyalty programs that allow travelers to earn points.
Rewards Programs | aka Frequent or Preferred Traveler Programs
675
Number assigned to people who have registered with DHS (Dept. of Homeland Security) trusted traveler programs or the TSA. (5 years)
Known Traveler Number | KTN
676
* expedite passage through customs and border checkpoints * receive TSA Pre-check benefits * Global Entry - international travel. * NEXUS - US and Canadian travelers * SENTRI - only North American land-border crossings
DHS Trusted Traveler Programs
677
Travel Advisories
Advisories issued by the US Dept of State.
678
Document required for international travel
Passport
679
Government-issued identification
Photo ID
680
Group Rate or Meetings Department
A discount rate for reservations made for groups
681
Carrier
An airline company
682
Sets travel restrictions and conducts security checks at airports.
TSA | Transport Security Administration
683
A label designating that luggage meets TSA standards
TSA-Approved
684
all liquids, aerosols, creams, pastes, and gels carried onto the plane must fit into a single quart-sized clear plastic zip lock bag may not be larger than 3.4 ounces (travel-size)
3-1-1- Liquid Rules
685
A bag that is carried onto the airplane.
Carry-On
686
Bags that are checked in at the airline registration desk
Checked Baggage
687
Priority Seating or Early Boarding
Reserved for members of frequent-traveler programs, military personnel, families with young children, or people who pay extra for early boarding
688
Airline employees who are authorized to issue boarding passes and check luggage at the curb
Skycaps
689
TSA PreCheck
Costs $85 does not require members to take off their shoes or remove liquids or laptops from carry-on bags receive a KTN and 5 year membership Traveler program members do not need to apply for TSA PreCheck
690
Privately owned security travel service that allows its members to skip security lines in 12 airports nationwide.
CLEAR
691
Transport passengers from one airport terminal to another
Airline Shuttles
692
Transport passengers from airline terminals to or from parking lots
Parking Shuttles
693
Provided by some hotels to transport people to and from the airport or local attractions within a certain mileage radius
Hotel Shuttles
694
transportation from the airport advertised at the pickup area rates vary depending on mileage and traffic
Airport Taxis
695
May be booked round trip or one way. If there are many people traveling, ask shuttle providers whether group discounts are available
Shared Ride Vans
696
most expensive | can accommodate between one and five riders
Town Cars, Limousines, and Private Cars
697
many Companies to choose from reservations may be made online economy is the least expensive frequent special offers
Rental Cars
698
ordered through mobile apps town cars to private drivers competitively priced to match or undercut taxi fares
On-Demand Car Services | Uber, Lyft, etc
699
Room with two beds
Standard Double Hotel Room
700
Room with a single queen or king-sized bed
Queen or King Room
701
A step up from a standard category room
Deluxe
702
Person whose job is to help guests during their stay.
Concierge
703
Floor whose guests tend to have access to complimentary breakfasts, water, snacks, and sometimes evening receptions
Concierge or Club Level
704
Booking Sites
Discount sites include Priceline.com, Hotels.com, and Hotwire.com. Some offer all-inclusive.
705
Domestic Travel
Need at least one form of photo ID and a credit card, | birth date, and any frequent-travel or rewards program numbers to book this
706
International Travel
Travel may require more than just a passport, | need to apply for visas, vaccinations may be required
707
Currency Exchange Rates
Vary by the day, get the best exchange rate by using ATMS
708
Face-to-Face Meetings
An effective way to exchange information, plan, and collaborate.
709
* WHO is going to attend * WHY are you holding the meeting * WHAT can you do to convey the purpose * WHERE will the meeting be held * WHEN do you need to hold the meeting * HOW can you best facilitate the meeting
Facts for Meeting Planning
710
Teleconferences - phone Videoconferences - video feed Web conferences - internet
Virtual Meetings
711
An outline of the main tops to be discussed.
Agenda
712
Hosting group telephone calls for 25 or fewer people (free), used for video calls and messaging
Skype
713
* live online meetings using an Internet connection and the appropriate software (2 to several hundred people) * share documents * meetings can be recorded and edited
Adobe Connect
714
web conferencing and videoconferencing, allows users to share screens
Cisco WebEx
715
High-definition video and voice or text to host a live meeting for up to 10 people.
Google+ Hangout
716
* up to 25 attendees to participate in high-def videoconferencing, screen sharing, and audio conferencing * meetings can be recorded
GoToMeeting
717
Scope Creep
After a project begins, may be asked to take on additional responsibilities or tasks not within the agreed-upon scope
718
Document Sharing Sites Web-Based Project Management Systems Project Management Apps
Technology-based Project Management Tools
719
OneNote, Evernote, and Google Drive.
Document Sharing Sites
720
Dynamic online portals where people can create projects, invite others into their teams, and assign deadlines and to-do's.
Web-Based Project Management Systems
721
Mobile applications allow for team project management, designed to be used on phones and tablets, tend to be free, may not be easy to use as web-based options
Project Management Apps
722
1. Strategy 2. Design 3. Sources and contracting 4. Promotion 5. Execution 6. Data Analysis 7. Reporting
Project Phases
723
Project Phase 1: Strategy
``` Identify: Date and time Length Space requirements Budget Policies and procedures ```
724
Project Phase 2: Design
``` Content and delivery Speakers, facilitators and presenters venue and spaces required hotel AV components Room setups Menus Transportation Technology Social media Event marketing, Networking Business components promotional items and signs ```
725
Project Phase 3: Sourcing and Contracting
``` RFP site visit menu tasking budget parameters meeting and design goals meeting specifics confirm the space exact rooms equipment needed menus, room setups final dates and times final contracts ```
726
Project Phase 4: Promotion
What is the value proposition? Whom are you trying to reach? How will you track your efforts? Are there testimonials from past attendees, exhibitors, or sponsors? What kind of marketing channels can you use? What is the promotional budget? What is the promotional schedule?
727
Project Phase 5: Execution
Keep emergency contacts in the master event binder. Be aware of emergency procedures Review expectations, procedures, and timelines with anyone collecting data before the event begins.
728
Project Phase 6: Data Analysis
Identify what is important, who needs to know, and how to best present the information.
729
A written set of specific results-oriented procedures to be followed by all US federal contractors holding contracts of $50,000 or more that applies to employers with 50 or more employees.
Affirmative Action Plan
730
The total amount of monetary and nonmonetary pay provided to an employee by an employer in return for work performed as required.
Compensation
731
A legal doctrine that states an employment relationship may be terminated by the employer or employee at any time and for any or no reason.
Employment at Will
732
EEOC | Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Federal agency responsible for EEO guidelines, enforcing EEO laws, and investigating complaints
733
Employer Information Report | EEO-1 Form 100
An annual report that shows female and minority employees
734
Learning (Training) and Development
Educational opportunities to enhance existing skills, increase job knowledge, and build performance competencies
735
A subset of talent acquisition focused on identifying, screening, selecting, and hiring job candidate
Recruiting
736
"something for something."
Quid Pro Quo
737
Offensive Conduct
Offensive jokes, slurs, epithets or name-calling, physical assaults or threats, intimidation, ridicule or mockery, insults or put-downs, offensive objects or pictures, and interference with work performance
738
A course or method of action to guide and determine present and future decisions.
Organizational Policy
739
An analysis of current or future performance and position requirements
Performance Assessment
740
Objective of Compensation & Benefits Program
* To attract and retain the best talent * To reinforce culture, climate, and effective behaviors * To be externally competitive and internally equitable
741
* Social Security * Medicare * Unemployment Insurance * Worker's Compensation
Mandatory Benefits
742
A four-part hospital and medical benefit for people ages 65 and older (or younger if an individual has certain medical conditions or disabilities). * Part A is hospital coverage * Part B is medical coverage * Part C combines both A and B * Part D is prescription drug coverage
Medicare
743
Employees who experience a work-related injury or illness may receive no-fault mandated insurance benefits paid by the employer.
Workers Compensation
744
HR Focuses on four broad knowledge areas:
People organization Workplace Strategy
745
Employee Relations focuses on...
workplace decisions, employment laws, grievances, problem/conflict resolution
746
Employee Branding
Project a public image that job seekers perceive as the employment experience at a company.
747
A policy that states equal consideration for a job is applicable to all individuals and that the employer should not discriminate based on race, color, religion, age, marital status, national origin, disability, or gender.
EEO | Equal Employment Opportunity
748
A US federal law that sets minimum standards for voluntarily established pension and health plans in private industry to provide protection for individuals in these plans.
ERISA | Employee Retirement Income Security Act
749
The assessment of employees to gauge their progress toward goals.
Performance Management
750
Finding proper sources of qualified candidates, recruiting/screening, hiring
Talent Acquisition
751
* Recruitment and staffing * Compensation and employee benefits * Training and development * Career development * Talent management * Leadership development * Performance management * Employee relations
HR Fundamentals
752
Employee Relations Programs are intended to...
Bolster employee productivity, motivation, and morale
753
Sexual Harassment
Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature
754
Created when an employee feels uncomfortable or frightened to be in his or her work space due to offensive behavior, intimidation, or abuse by a coworker or superior.
Hostile Environment
755
Harassment Circumstances
Can be the victim's supervisor, a supervisor in another area, an agent of the employer, and coworker, or a nonemployee. Does not have to be the person harassed but can be anyone affected by the offensive conduct. May occur without economic injury to or discharge of the victim.
756
Organizational Procedure
Established or approved actions to implement a workplace policy.
757
Annual Performance Appraisals
Written performance documentation to keep track of occurrences A record of how an employee is meeting desired results Close of the previous year's performance cycle and the start of a new upcoming year
758
Performance Planning
Reviews Job requirements/descriptions Documented prior-year goals and results Expected performance and results for the year ahead
759
The implementation stage of the process that addresses * Behaviors that led to exceptional or ineffective performance * Expectations that are being met or not * Impact of an employee's performance (positively or negatively) on goals and objectives
Performance Feedback and Coaching
760
* Base Salary * Mandatory health and welfare benefits * Pay differentials * Bonuses and cash incentives * Stock-related rewards
Total Compensation
761
Qualified workers receive financial benefits from the government when they retire or become disabled, or the benefits go to the surviving dependents of a deceased worker.
Social Security
762
Eligible workers who have lost their jobs through no fault of their own can receive temporary financial assistance.
Unemployment Insurance
763
An agreement between the employee and employer if you end employment with a company or your position is eliminated.
Severance pay
764
Information kept by an employer related to a specific employee.
Employee Records
765
Requirements set forth by the _______________ * Selection, hiring, and employment records 1 yr * Payroll records and time sheets 3 yrs * Employment benefits 6 yrs * Tax records 4 yrs * Safety data 5 yrs * Family medical leave records 3 yrs * Health care continuation records recc. 6 yrs * Additional human resources records 1 yr
US Federal Record Retention Administration
766
Provides a comprehensive fact sheet and checklist on responsible information and appropriate handling practices at their easy-to-navigate site.
Privacy Rights Clearinghouse
767
Contains documents that chronicle the history of the employment relationship
Personnel file
768
ISO Security Standards | International Standards Organization
* Openness * Purpose * Collection * Accountability * Accuracy
769
Mentor
Teach/guide someone who is willing to learn. A go-to for answers.
770
Informal Mentoring
Occurs constant with minimal leadership effort, as long as needed, may be facilitated through social media tools outside the organization.
771
Formal Mentoring
Highly developed process with application, selection, evaluation, and matching components.
772
Written guidelines to follow in the day-to-day operations of the organization
Procedures
773
A set of principles, rules, and guidelines formulated or adopted by an organization
Policies
774
Interviewers have a list of questions and strive to ask each candidate the same question in the same format to insure fair and accurate comparisons.
Structured Interview
775
Does not have predetermined interview questions. Less formal
Unstructured Interview
776
Low-cost approach to narrow down a large pool of potential candidates.
Screening or Phone Interview
777
Most common form of interviewing candidates. Face-to-face exchange with an interviewer. *Assessment of dress, appearance, verbal, and nonverbal communication skills.
Individual or Personal Interview
778
Several stakeholders involved in interview at one time.
Team, Panel, or Committee Interview
779
Probes deeper than traditional interviewing approaches. *Requires specific examples of teamwork, problem solving, communication, creativity, and organization skills
Behavioral Interview
780
Skills are tested through exercises to demonstrate the candidate's creative and analytical abilities
Task-oriented or Testing Interview
781
``` Asking: Gender # of children Marital status or maiden name Ethnicity Religious Nationality, lineage, or national origin Medical problems Disability # and kinds of arrests Specific years of school attendance or graduation date Height or weight (unless a bona fide occupational qualification) Veteran status ```
Illegal Interview Questions
782
The assessment of an employer's current staff to ascertain whether any current employees are sufficiently skilled or qualified to perform required job vacancies
Internal Recruitment
783
Advantages of Internal Recruitment
Saves cost * Lowers assimilation time and effort * Allows existing knowledge of the employee's skill set, work ethic, and career goals to be leveraged
784
Disadvantages of internal Recruitment
* Internal applicants may not bring new ideas * Significant employee development may be needed * Competition between internal colleagues may have a negative impact
785
The assessment of an available pool of job candidates, other than existing staff
External Recruitment
786
Advantages of External Recruiting
* New ideas come from outside the organization * costs are potentially lower * New talent and competencies * Diversity
787
Disadvantages of External Recruitment
* Increased recruiting costs * Increased assimilation time for new hires * Decreased morale * Time consuming
788
Diversity Training
Increases cultural awareness, knowledge, and communication.
789
born from 1946 to 1964
Baby Boomers
790
born from 1965 to 1981
Generation X
791
born from 1981 to 1999
Generation Y / Millennials
792
born between 1997 and 2012
Generation Z (aka Digital Natives)
793
The process of introducing a newly hired employee into an organization
Onboarding
794
The process of exiting a staff person
Off-boarding
795
Title VII Civil Rights Act
Prohibits discrimination in based on race, religion, sex, or origin. Also prohibits sexual harassment.
796
Fair Labor Standards Act | FLSA
Sets minimum wage, requires time-and-a-half overtime pay for hourly employees
797
FMLA | Family Medical Leave Act
Employees with at least a year of service can take up to 12 weeks per year of unpaid, job-protected time off for the birth of a child or adoption of a child or to care for themselves or a sick child, spouse, or parent who has a "serious" health condition. Applies to organizations with 50 or more employees.
798
Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)
Discriminate against applicants or employees older than 40
799
Equity | aka Stockholder's Equity
A stock or other security that represents an ownership interest.
800
Recorded as assets on a balance sheet by businesses as they are monies owed to a business by their debtors.
Receivables
801
Those that do not come due for a long period of time and are recorded as Long-Term Assets
Long-term Receivables
802
A balance sheet items that shows what the firm owns.
Assets
803
The residual profit after the cost of the goods is subtracted from the revenues.
Gross profit
804
A measure of how profitable a business is, often referred to as the bottom line.
Net Income
805
The amount of money brought into the business
Revenue
806
An asset or item expected to go up in value or generate future income.
Investment
807
Exemption from taxable income.
Tax-exempt
808
A type of ownership in a company that represents a claim on part of the corporation's earnings and assets
Stocks
809
A debt in which an investor loans money to a corporate or governmental entity for a defined period at a variable or fixed rate.
Bonds
810
The owner of a business or one who holds a property
Proprietor
811
The owner or holder of stock in a company.
Stockholder / Shareholder
812
Any person or entity that lets another person or entity borrow money to be repaid at a later date.
Creditor
813
Listing of all merchandise or other assets owned by the business.
Inventory
814
Being a sponsor of an event or financial support received from a sponsor.
Sponsorships
815
The price of an asset in the marketplace.
Market Value
816
Assets that can be converted into cash quickly
Liquidity
817
Shows the assets, liabilities, and capitalization (total financial value) of a business at a particular time.
Balance Sheet
818
Assets that can be bought or sold quickly.
Liquid Assets
819
Shows the revenue and expenses of an organization during a certain period of time
Income Statement
820
A revenue or expense stream of the amount of cash that flows into and out of a business.
Cash Flow
821
A legal obligation or debt that arises through business operations.
Liability
822
Those payable within one year
Current Liabilities
823
Debts that can be repaid throughout a longer period than one year
Long-Term Liabilities
824
The balance of money due to a firm for goods or services delivered or used but not yet paid for by customers.
Accounts Receivable
825
A short-term debt the company has to pay back to its creditors.
Accounts Payable
826
Financial transactions between two parties
Sales
827
Cost of a tangible asset during its useful life.
Depreciation
828
Asset or a liability that has not yet occurred.
Deferral
829
Taking money out of an account
Withdrawal
830
Funds paid periodically to shareholders from profits or reserves, typically quarterly.
Dividends
831
Expenses incurred in the current period
Period Costs
832
Basic Elements of a Budget
Expenses and Revenue
833
A road map showing the performance of the company | owns and owes, profits and losses
Financial Statement
834
Securities and Exchange Commission
Federal agency to regulate the securities markets and protect investors.
835
A statement of financial performance, which is what a balance sheet documents.
Profit and Loss Statement (P & L)
836
Details the cash the business has taken in and paid out during a specific period.
Statement of Cash Flow
837
Small, accessible amounts of cash for minor business expenses.
Petty Cash
838
A electronic unit that allows customers basic financial transactions
ATM | Automated Teller Machine
839
A convenient way to pay recurring expenses.
Automatic Deductions
840
The nominal fees charged by banks for various services, major revenue source for banks
Bank Fees
841
A journal used to record all expenses.
Cash Disbursement Journal
842
Account that documents the availability of funds in a cash account.
Cash Short and Over
843
Payment cards that deduct funds from a checking or savings account
Debit Cards
844
An electronic transfer from the payer's account directly to the recipient's account
Direct Deposit
845
Electronically transferring funds from one account to another
Electronic Banking
846
A reproduction of an actual signature that can be saved and inserted into electronic documents
Fascimile Signature
847
FDIC | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
An independent agency (Banking Act of 1933) that insures deposits against bank failure, maintains public confidence, and ensures stability, sound banking practices.
848
Generally a post office box that is accessible by the bank and is used by an organization that wants the bank to collect its account receivables when customers send payments.
Lock Box
849
A record of all cash payments except payroll.
Cash Payment Journal
850
A record of all cash received with entries indicating the source.
Cash Receipts Journal
851
Basic entries in financial journals; Debits on the left, credits on the right.
Debits and Credits
852
List of all the different accounts that go in the general ledger
Chart of Accounts
853
Time covered by a relevant set of books, ledgers, and other financial documents and records (usually 12 months)
Accounting Period
854
Losses a company incurs when goods are sold without requiring immediate payment.
Bad Debt Expense
855
Offset other transactions and are used to reduce the value of other related accounts
Contra-Asset Accounts
856
Terms and schedules when payments are due from sales made on credit
Credit Terms
857
Records all payments made to the owners (sole proprietorship)
Drawing on Account
858
To record and total transactions
Ledgers
859
A price reduction offered in return for an early payment
Sales Discount
860
Assets that lose value over time.
Wasting Assets
861
Where non-specialized accounts are recorded
General Journal
862
Sales journals Cash receipts journals Purchases journals Cash disbursement journals
Specialized Journals
863
Single financial transaction that affects multiple journal entries when it cannot be recorded in one journal alone.
Combined Journal
864
Analyzing and adjusting the cash balance shown on the bank's records and the account holder's records.
Bank Reconciliation
865
Writing a check without enough funds in the account
Nonsufficient Funds | NSF
866
When two adjacent numbers are transposed or reversed
Transposition Errors
867
Additional charge for which there is already a basic fee
Service Fee
868
Ensure operational effectiveness and integrity.
Internal Controls
869
Checks written but have not cleared the bank account
Outstanding Check Records
870
The part of the reconciliation process that deals with all the charges and fees recorded on the bank side.
Bank-Side
871
Record of accounts, updated as money flows in or out, compared with bank records to check for bank fees, interest growth, and errors.
Book-Side
872
Sending or receiving money electronically
Electronic Funds Transfer | EFT
873
A set of data collected or selected from a statistical population by a defined procedure
Sample Data
874
Average for given data set
Mean
875
A number that appears most often
Mode
876
The middle value
Median
877
Standard Deviation
How widely individuals in a group vary.
878
Frequency Distribution of a Data Variable
How often something occurs.
879
Inferential Statistics
Sample statistic so that inferences can be made about the population
880
Inferential Statistics
Measures of central tendency or standard deviation of the entire population
881
Primary data; data not processed
Raw Data
882
Collecting, analyzing, and presenting large amounts of data to predict underlying patterns and trends
Statistical Analysis
883
Formed for the common good of the public; religious, charitable, or education.
Nonprofit Organization, Not-for-Profit | aka: 501 (c) 3
884
Records income and expenses for a given period in a non-profit organization
Statement of Financial Activities
885
Funds designated by donors for a specific purpose in a non-profit organization
Restricted Funds
886
Funds non designated for a given purpose by the donor in a non-profit organization.
Unrestricted Funds
887
Noncash contributions or contributed services.
In-Kind Donations
888
A phased allocation of the cost of a fixed asset during the course of its useful life.
Depreciation (Nonprofit)
889
The same as an income statement for a for-profit organization.
Statement of Activities (Nonprofit) | aka: Operating Statement
890
Cash or in-kind donations
Charitable Donations
891
Acknowledgment letter for donations exceeding $250
Donation Acknowledgement Letter
892
A tax-exempt nonprofit organization
501 [c]
893
Describes, limits, or explains verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs and shows time, manner, place, or degree
Adverb
894
The reading level and comprehension of a document.
Document Readability
895
Includes payroll, utilities, facility maintenance, and postage
Fixed Cost Projections
896
Communication conducted via the Internet in real time
Instant Messaging
897
Scope Management
Understanding project goals through requirements gathering process
898
Project Scope
Defined outcome
899
Time management
Organize/prioritize tasks/milestones in project
900
Cost management
identify/manage costs based on scope/timeframe
901
Resource management
Process to develop, use, provide oversight of available resources
902
ROI
Return on investment
903
SHRM
Society of HR Mgt. - largest global membership