Sampling Methods Flashcards
(18 cards)
Define random sampling.
Random sampling is a sampling method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
What is a major advantage of random sampling?
It reduces bias and allows for the generalization of results to the entire population.
What is a disadvantage of random sampling?
It can be difficult and costly to implement, especially in large populations.
Define stratified sampling.
Stratified sampling is a method where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) and samples are taken from each stratum.
What are the benefits of stratified sampling?
It ensures representation of all subgroups and increases the precision of the results.
What is a potential drawback of stratified sampling?
Time consuming
Define systematic sampling.
Systematic sampling involves selecting every nth individual from a list of the population.
What is an advantage of systematic sampling?
It is easier to implement than random sampling and can be more efficient.
What is a disadvantage of systematic sampling?
It can introduce bias if there is a hidden pattern in the population list.
(Unconscious bias , or just bias )
Define cluster sampling.
Cluster sampling involves dividing the population into clusters and then randomly selecting entire clusters to sample.
What is a key benefit of cluster sampling?
It is cost-effective and useful for geographically dispersed populations.
What is a potential disadvantage of cluster sampling?
If the clusters significantly differ between then it won’t be representative of the whole population
What is convenience sampling?
Convenience sampling is a non-probability sampling method where samples are taken from a group that is easy to access.
What is a major advantage of convenience sampling?
It is quick and inexpensive to conduct.
What is a significant drawback of convenience sampling?
It can lead to high bias and limits the generalizability of results.
Define quota sampling.
Quota sampling involves ensuring equal representation of certain characteristics in the sample, similar to stratified sampling.
Basically just bloody stratified with characteristics not subgroups
What is a benefit of quota sampling?
It ensures that specific subgroups are represented in the sample.
Representative , like stratified
What is a drawback of quota sampling?
It can introduce bias as the selection within quotas may not be random.
